Extraordinarily high spider densities on islands: flow of energy from the marine to terrestrial food webs and the absence of predation.

Some islands in the Gulf of California support very high densities of spiders. Spider density is negatively correlated with island size; many small islands support 50-200 spiders per m3 of cactus. Energy for these spiders comes primarily from the ocean and not from in situ productivity by land plants. We explicitly connect the marine and terrestrial systems to show that insular food webs represent one endpoint of the marine web. We describe two conduits for marine energy entering these islands: shore drift and seabird colonies. Both conduits are related to island area, having a much stronger effect on smaller islands. This asymmetric effect helps to explain the exceptionally high spider densities on small islands. Although productivity sets the maximal potential densities, predation (by scorpions) limits realized spider abundance. Thus, prey availability and predation act in concert to set insular spider abundance.

A comparative analysis of results from three recent non-separated concurrent-flow high occupancy freeway lane projects : Boston, Santa Monica, and Miami.

"Service and methods demonstration program."

National performance audit program : 1980 proficiency surveys for sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide, sulfate, nitrate, lead and high volume flow /

Mode of access: Internet.

HIVEL2D : a two-dimensional flow model for high-velocity channels /

At head of title: "Repair, Evaluation, Maintenance, and Rehabilitation Research Program."

An experimental study of heat transfer at high temperature differences in turbulent air flow between a rotating cylinder and a stationary concentric auter cylinder,

Final report no. AFOSR 3207.

Why close tolerances are necessary under high-velocity flow /

Mode of access: Internet.

Development of a continuous flow electromagnetic alternating current traveling wave accelerator for high-density, hypervelocity wind tunnel applications,

Mode of access: Internet.

An experimental channel for the study of air entrainment in high-velocity flow /

Mode of access: Internet.

A new method for providing continuous high-temperature air flow for hypersonic research,

"AFOSR-TN-56-236."

Influence of impact angles on penetration rates of CRAs exposed to a high velocity multiphase flow

A combined flow loop - jet impingement pilot plant has been used to determine mass loss rates in a mixed gas - saltwater - sand multiphase flow at impact velocities up to 70 m/s. Artificial brine with a salt content of 27 g/1 was used as liquid phase. Sand content, with grain size below 150 µ, was 2.7 g/l brine. CO at a pressure of 15 bar was used as gas phase. The impact angle between jet stream (nozzle) and sample surface was varied between 30 and 90°. Rectangular stainless steel disc samples with a size of 20 × 15 × 5 mm were used. They were mechanically ground and polished prior to testing. Damaged surfaces of specimens exposed to the high velocity multiphase flow were investigated by stereo microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and an optical device for 3D surface measurements. Furthermore, samples were investigated by applying atomic force microscopy (AFM), magnetic force microscopy (MFM) and nanoindentation. Influence of impact velocity and impact angle on penetration rates (mass loss rates) of two CRAs (UNS S30400 and N08028) are presented. Moreover effects of chemical composition and mechanical properties are critically discussed. © 2008 by NACE International.