791 resultados para fenologia de floração


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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

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O objetivo deste estudo foi entender os padrões de frutificação de espécies anemocóricas em uma área de Cerrado sensu stricto, de acordo com a morfologia dos diásporos e a deciduidade das espécies, e verificar se esse padrão difere entre borda e interior do cerrado estudado. Um total de 377 indivíduos foram amostrados, distribuídos em 26 espécies, pertencentes a 10 famílias. Foi notada significativa sazonalidade para toda a comunidade, e uma sincronia entre os indivíduos principalmente no ambiente de borda. Os picos de atividade de queda foliar e frutificação ocorreram simultaneamente para as espécies decíduas e perenes, enquanto que para as espécies semidecíduas a época de maior índice de queda antecedeu um pouco o de maturação dos frutos. Entretanto esses eventos ocorreram durante a época de menores índices pluviométricos, maiores índices de queda foliar e anterior ao desenvolvimento de folhas novas, de forma que os diásporos secam e são dispersos pelo vento mais facilmente

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Brazilian cerrado is characterized by an evident seasonality with distinct dry and wet seasons. Pyrostegia venusta is a common vine found in different physiognomies of the Cerrado. The species may present characteristics that allow its adjustment to the seasonal cycles. The phenology of vegetative and reproductive events was studied for this species in 2004 and 2005. The objective was to verify which climatic factors determine the phenological patterns observed in the species. Flowering was inversely related to mean temperatures and to the length of the day, while fruiting was inversely related to the photoperiod and directly related to the mean wind velocity. Seed dispersal was directly related to wind speed. As a consequence, flowering occurred at the end of the rainy season, close to the winter, and was prolonged until the end of the dry season. Fruiting and fruit maturation occurred during the dry period, with the seeds being dispersed at the end of this period. The seed dispersal at the end of the dry season, common to other anemochoric species of cerrado, allows a rapid germination at the beginning of the wet season, favoring the species propagation in this environment.

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The dragon fruit (Hylocereus undatus) is recent crop cultivation in Brazil and there is still lack of studies to support the farmers. So, this research aimed to characterize the reproductive phenology of the crop in the region of Jaboticabal, Sao Paulo State, Brazil. It was evaluated red dragon fruit clones over two environmental conditions - under plastic screen black and white, with 50% of shady level, from March 2009 to December 2010. It was observed that the issuance of floral buds and the flowering on dragon fruit culture occurs with a combination of high temperatures and rainfall, with constant emission of floral buds from November to March while the flowering on dragon fruit culture occurs until mid-April. The color of plastic screen had influenced on amount of flowers. The time elapsed since the issuance of flower buds to anthesis is from 18 to 23 days, while the harvest occurs from 34 to 43 days after flower opening. At Jaboticabal, the time of appearance of flower bud to fruit harvest is from 52 to 66 days.

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Oeceoclades aculate (Lindl.) Lindl., an invasive orchid, was analyzed as to its reproductive phenology and spatial distribution, correlation between abundance of mature and immature individuals, and verifying these with microclimate patterns in the Cerrado (savanna-like vegetation) of Mogi Guacu, Sao Paulo State, Brazil. For the reproductive phenology 100 plants were followed and the distribution pattern was identified by the Morisita Index (MI) and the Variance Ratio/Average (R) in 20 plots of 20x10m, reduced to 10x10m afterwards. The phenology presented seasonality, with flowering from November to February, fructification from February to June, and dehiscence from June to July. Mature and immature individuals aggregated and correlated to each other, indicating dependence between the ontogenetic stages. The luminosity was the preponderant microclimatic factor in the allocation of plants. Seasonal climatic changes and intensity of anthropogenic disturbances seem to be more important for the establishment of the species than microclimate.

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)