Getting Listeners Involved: Rádio Ás, a Community Web Project

[Excerpt] The idea of community is usually associated with radio today in the context of what Bart Cammaerts (2009,635) classifies as a "third type of broadcast, namely participatory radio, complementary to both commercial and public media". Following Ellie Rennie (2006, 3), community radio corresponds, as all other forms of community media, to non-profit media that provide "community members with an opportunity to participate in the production process". For the International Association for Media and Communication Research, which supports a research group on Community Communication, this area includes media that originate from, circulate and resonate with the sphere of civil society.

Impact of an educational hands-on project on the antimicrobial, antitumor and anti-inflammatory properties of plants on Portuguese students' awareness, knowledge, and competences

Promoting environmental and health education is crucial to allow students to make conscious decisions based on scientific criteria. The study is based on the outcomes of an Educational Project implemented with Portuguese students and consisted of several activities, exploring pre-existent Scientific Gardens at the School, aiming to investigate the antibacterial, antitumor and anti-inflammatory properties of plant extracts, with posterior incorporation in soaps and creams. A logo and a webpage were also created. The effectiveness of the project was assessed via the application of a questionnaire (pre- and post-test) and observations of the participants in terms of engagement and interaction with all individuals involved in the project. This project increased the knowledge about autochthonous plants and the potential medical properties of the corresponding plant extracts and increased the awareness about the correct design of scientific experiments and the importance of the use of experimental models of disease. The students regarded their experiences as exciting and valuable and believed that the project helped to improve their understanding and increase their interest in these subjects and in science in general. This study emphasizes the importance of raising students’ awareness on the valorization of autochthonous plants and exploitation of their medicinal properties.

Quantifying the risk of coronary artery disease in a community: The Bambuí Project

OBJECTIVE: To determine the coronary risk profile in adults and elderly in a community. METHODS: The study comprised a sample of adults (30-59 years, n=547) and the entire elderly population (60-74 years, n=1165) residing in Bambuí town, Brazil. The Framingham score based on sex, age, smoking, diabetes mellitus, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, and HDL-C was used. The score based on age and sex was defined as "expected" and compared with the mean score obtained by the sum of all risk factors in each age group and sex (score "observed"). RESULTS: The difference between the scores "observed" and "expected" increased with aging in both sexes. Smoking increased the difference from 30 years of age onwards, in both sexes, and hypertension was important in men above the age of 30 years and in women above the age of 50 years. Diabetes and elevated total cholesterol increased the risk of the disease above the age of 50 years in both sexes. A higher level of HDL-C reduced the risk among men above the age of 30 years, with no significant difference among women. Less schooling (< 4 years versus ³ 4 years) was associated with a higher score in adults of both sexes, but not among the elderly. CONCLUSION: Based on these results, in the community studied, the risk of coronary artery disease may be reduced up to 44% in men and 38% in women.

¿Vínculos responsables?: Estado – Empresa en Córdoba

Nuestro proyecto de investigación se propone describir y analizar los factores que influyen en la ausencia de estrategias empresariales y gubernamentales que propicien el desarrollo de iniciativas conjuntas (interactorales de carácter públicoprivadas) en torno al desarrollo de la Responsabilidad Social Empresaria (RSE) en Córdoba capital. A estos fines, a través del contacto con referentes claves de los sectores público-gubernamental y privado-empresarial y representantes de los principales órganos institucionalizados de intermediación entre ambos sectores, se intentará analizar una problemática que, según aproximaciones anteriores realizadas en el marco de PROETICA/ICDA-UCC, estaría ligada a las lógicas de actuación predominantes en los sectores mencionados que impedirían una adecuada vinculación intersectorial. Así, puede decirse que el predominio de patrones individuales de comportamiento que se traducen en el planteo de estrategias diferenciadas no relacionadas, los prejuicios mutuos que impiden el diálogo y el acercamiento y el desconocimiento del tema por parte del Gobierno, conllevan a una ausencia de estrategias orientadas a la promoción y el desarrollo de la RSE. Asimismo, el problema estaría vinculado con una acentuada crisis de representatividad general que afecta también a los actores que operan en la intermediación gobierno- empresas. El equipo considera que la indagación acerca de los factores que, según los actores implicados, influyen en la relación in-tersectorial, es el puntapié incial de cara a resolver las cuestiones que impiden el fortalecimiento de vínculos en pos del desarrollo de la RSE y la consecución de los fines que esta promueve.

Responsabilidad social y vínculos de los actores económicos y sociales y el consumidor en las cadenas de valor en pos del desarrollo sustentable.

La hipótesis central o principal del proyecto de investigación es que las iniciativas y proyectos de RSE están en estado embrionario en la Argentina y en Córdoba en particular, pues están focalizadas en las dimensiones ambiental y social principalmente. Los consumidores perciben de diversos modos estas acciones de RSC, pero no las incorporan aún sus procesos de elección de compra y de consumo. Es esperable que dicho escenario cambie en función de la mayor conciencia de los consumidores y de la acciones de los diferentes actores sociales. El objetivo general es estudiar desde la disciplina de la administración y del marketing sustentable, la interrelación entre la empresa y sus políticas responsables (RSC) y el consumidor y su valoración del consumo (CR) de modo de establecer el GAP en términos de oportunidades y amenazas tendientes a la construcción de un escenario de consumo y producción acorde a un modelo de desarrollo sustentable que asegure el porvenir de las generaciones presentes y futuras, en el cual también intervienen otros actores como las OSC y el Estado. Los obispos latinoamericanos destacan que las desigualdades marcan tristemente nuestro continente y que mantienen en la pobreza a una multitud de personas. La pobreza hoy es pobreza de conocimiento y del uso y acceso a nuevas tecnologías. Por eso, es necesario que los empresarios asuman su responsabilidad de invertir en la superación de esta nueva pobreza. Esto nos debería llevar a contemplar los rostros de quienes sufren.En nuestro continente, las empresas pymes juegan un rol fundamental en la generación de empleo. Son mayormente empresas familiares de estilo de conducción paternalistas, que desarrollan algunas iniciativas hacia el público interno como la inversión en formación, en salud y bienestar de los empleados. Sus acciones de RSC externas emprendidas son de tipo reactivo, no han superado la etapa filantrópica. En este sentido, es fundamental poder: a) redefinir el rol del marketing sustentable en este proceso relacional entre empresa y consumidor, b) analizar la conducta del ciudadano como consumidor responsable, c) proponer las políticas públicas se deberían poner en marcha en pos de contribuir al campo del desarrollo sustentable, d) indagar la contribución de las Organizaciones de la Sociedad Civil (OSC) y e) construir la agenda de prioridades de las empresas.

Instrumentation and software for the VERITAS Project and the detection of TeV Gamma-Ray Emission from the BL Lacertae Object 1ES1959+650

Transmission of Cherenkov light through the atmosphere is strongly influenced by the optical clarity of the atmosphere and the prevailing weather conditions. The performance of telescopes measuring this light is therefore dependent on atmospheric effects. This thesis presents software and hardware developed to implement a prototype sky monitoring system for use on the proposed next-generation gamma-ray telescope array, VERITAS. The system, consisting of a CCD camera and a far-infrared pyrometer, was successfully installed and tested on the ten metre atmospheric Cherenkov imaging telescope operated by the VERITAS Collaboration at the F.L. Whipple Observatory in Arizona. The thesis also presents the results of observations of the BL Lacertae object, 1ES1959+650, made with the Whipple ten metre telescope. The observations provide evidence for TeV gamma-ray emission from the BL Lacertae object, 1ES1959+650, at a level of more than 15 standard deviations above background. This represents the first unequivocal detection of this object at TeV energies, making it only the third extragalactic source seen at such levels of significance in this energy range. The flux variability of the source on a number of timescales is also investigated.

The Catalan countries project (1931-1939)

In the evolution of Catalan nationalism, as much politician as cultural, the period of II Spanish Republic (1931-1939) was essential. The obtaining of the Statute of Autonomy (1931-1932) supposed the beginning of a stage of expansion in multiple aspects. One of them were the contacts with the Catalanists nuclei of the rest of the cultural space of Catalan language in which, at that time, it would begin to call Catalan Countries (Balearic Islands, Valencian Country, Andorra, Rosselló, to l'Alguer). On Those Collaborations between cultural organizations, political and particular parties Catalonia always will be the model to follow. The Increasing connections will be visualized on press, as well as on cultural celebrations, policy of parties and Constituent Courts. This evolution will be cut by the Franco victory in the Civil War in 1939.

Transferring QTL technology to the pig breeding industry (PigQTech) - a demonstration project

The aim of the project has been to demonstrate how the farm animal breeding industry can utilise gene mapping technology to accelerate genetic improvement. Previous theoretical studies had suggested that the use of marker assisted selection could potentially increase the annual improvement for quantitative traits like backfat with about 10% and for more difficult traits such as meat quality and reproduction by as much as 40-60% compared with existing technology. The work has comprised two major tasks: 1. Commercially relevant populations have been screened for segregation at QTLs identified in experimental populations. The aim has been to establish optimal strategies for QTL detection in commercial pig populations and the extent to which QTLs explaining major phenotypic differences between divergent lines used in experimental studies also explain quantitative variation within commercial lines. The results are important for specifying future strategies for finding economically valuable QTLs. 2. Marker assisted backcrossing has been used to demonstrate how a QTL allele can be introgressed from one breed to another. The work has focused on the major fatness QTL on pig chromosome 4 previously identified in a wild pig/Large White intercross. The end result was not designed to be a commercially viable product in its own right, but the process has validated a number of points of major importance for the exploitation of QTLs in livestock.

Inequality and a repeated joint project

Agents voluntarily contribute to an infinitely repeated joint project. We investigate the conditions for cooperation to be a renegotiation-proof and coalition-proof equilibrium before examining the influence of output share inequality on the sustainability of cooperation. When shares are not equally distributed, cooperation requires agents to be more patient than under perfect equality. Beyond a certain degree of share inequality, full efficiency cannot be reached without redistribution. This model also explains the coexistence of one cooperating and one free-riding coalition. In this case, increasing inequality can have a positive or negative impact on the aggregate level of effort.

Behind the Scenes of an Ant Genome Project

Dramatic improvements in DNA sequencing technologies have led to amore than 1,000-fold reduction in sequencing costs over the past five years.Genome-wide research approaches can thus now be applied beyond medicallyrelevant questions to examine the molecular-genetic basis of behavior,development and unique life histories in almost any organism. A first step foran emerging model organism is usually establishing a reference genomesequence. I offer insight gained from the fire ant genome project. First, I detailhow the project came to be and how sequencing, assembly and annotationstrategies were chosen. Subsequently, I describe some of the issues linked toworking with data from recently sequenced genomes. Finally, I discuss anapproach undertaken in a follow-up project based on the fire ant genomesequence.

The Importance of Revenue Sharing for the Local Economic Impacts of a Renewable Energy Project: A Social Accounting Matrix Approach

As demand for electricity from renewable energy sources grows, there is increasing interest, and public and financial support, for local communities to become involved in the development of renewable energy projects. In the UK, “Community Benefit” payments are the most common financial link between renewable energy projects and local communities. These are “goodwill” payments from the project developer for the community to spend as it wishes. However, if an ownership stake in the renewable energy project were possible, receipts to the local community would potentially be considerably higher. The local economic impacts of these receipts are difficult to quantify using traditional Input-Output techniques, but can be more appropriately handled within a Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) framework where income flows between agents can be traced in detail. We use a SAM for the Shetland Islands to evaluate the potential local economic and employment impact of a large onshore wind energy project proposed for the Islands. Sensitivity analysis is used to show how the local impact varies with: the level of Community Benefit payments; the portion of intermediate inputs being sourced from within the local economy; and the level of any local community ownership of the project. By a substantial margin, local ownership confers the greatest economic impacts for the local community.