Expression of human epidermal growth factor gene in cyanobacteria

The human epidermal growth factor (hEGF) is a small single-chain polypeptide of 53 amino acid residues. It can stimulate the proliferation of many cell types, mainly those of epidermal and epithelial tissues both in vivo and in vitro. A vector pRL-hEGF was constructed using plasmids pRL-489 and pUC-hEGF. The synthetic hEGF gene was recombined into the downstream of strong promoter psbA in plasmids pRL-489. Then, the vector was introduced into Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002 and Anabaena sp. PCC 7120 by triparental conjugative transfer. The transformation was confirmed by PCR amplification. The pRL-hEGF is thought to be retained as a plasmid form in the transgenic Anabaena sp. PCC 7120, since it can be recovered. However, it has been integrated into the chromosome of Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002 as there is no duplication origin in the pRL-hEGF in this cyanobacterium. and plasmid cannot be isolated from the Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002 either. The radioimmunoassay (RIA) proved that the hEGF gene has been expressed as the protein existed in these two strains of transgenic cyanobacteria, and the hEGF protein in Anabaena sp. PCC 7002 could be secreted into the medium.

Current status of bacteriological parameters and DOC/POC in Xiamen coastal waters

The surface and bottom waters samples were collected from six locations in Xiamen western sea. The quantified estimation of bacterial production (H-3-thymidine method) and observation of bacterial heterotrophic activity (C-14-glucose method) have been made in order to have a better understanding of the role of marine bacteria and their activities. The results showed that the mean value of bacterial heterotrophic activity was 9 X 10(8) cells/(L. h) in the surface waters and 2.6 X 10(8) cells/(L. h) in the bottom waters. The mean value of bacterial production was 38 X 108 cells/( L. h) in the surface waters and 7.1 X 10(8) cells/(L. h) in the bottom waters. The relationship between bacterial production, heterotrophic activity, PCC and DOC measured during this survey were discussed. The good understanding of the relationship between bacteria activity and total coliform was addressed.

Understanding and Modeling the Behavior of a Harmonic Drive Gear Transmission

In my research, I have performed an extensive experimental investigation of harmonic-drive properties such as stiffness, friction, and kinematic error. From my experimental results, I have found that these properties can be sharply non-linear and highly dependent on operating conditions. Due to the complex interaction of these poorly behaved transmission properties, dynamic response measurements showed surprisingly agitated behavior, especially around system resonance. Theoretical models developed to mimic the observed response illustrated that non-linear frictional effects cannot be ignored in any accurate harmonic-drive representation. Additionally, if behavior around system resonance must be replicated, kinematic error and transmission compliance as well as frictional dissipation from gear-tooth rubbing must all be incorporated into the model.

Speculative Concurrency Control for Real-Time Databases

In this paper, we propose a new class of Concurrency Control Algorithms that is especially suited for real-time database applications. Our approach relies on the use of (potentially) redundant computations to ensure that serializable schedules are found and executed as early as possible, thus, increasing the chances of a timely commitment of transactions with strict timing constraints. Due to its nature, we term our concurrency control algorithms Speculative. The aforementioned description encompasses many algorithms that we call collectively Speculative Concurrency Control (SCC) algorithms. SCC algorithms combine the advantages of both Pessimistic and Optimistic Concurrency Control (PCC and OCC) algorithms, while avoiding their disadvantages. On the one hand, SCC resembles PCC in that conflicts are detected as early as possible, thus making alternative schedules available in a timely fashion in case they are needed. On the other hand, SCC resembles OCC in that it allows conflicting transactions to proceed concurrently, thus avoiding unnecessary delays that may jeopardize their timely commitment.

Timeliness via Speculation for Real-Time Databases

Various concurrency control algorithms differ in the time when conflicts are detected, and in the way they are resolved. In that respect, the Pessimistic and Optimistic Concurrency Control (PCC and OCC) alternatives represent two extremes. PCC locking protocols detect conflicts as soon as they occur and resolve them using blocking. OCC protocols detect conflicts at transaction commit time and resolve them using rollbacks (restarts). For real-time databases, blockages and rollbacks are hazards that increase the likelihood of transactions missing their deadlines. We propose a Speculative Concurrency Control (SCC) technique that minimizes the impact of blockages and rollbacks. SCC relies on the use of added system resources to speculate on potential serialization orders and to ensure that if such serialization orders materialize, the hazards of blockages and roll-backs are minimized. We present a number of SCC-based algorithms that differ in the level of speculation they introduce, and the amount of system resources (mainly memory) they require. We show the performance gains (in terms of number of satisfied timing constraints) to be expected when a representative SCC algorithm (SCC-2S) is adopted.

Structure of the polyisoprenyl-phosphate glycosyltransferase GtrB and insights into the mechanism of catalysis.

The attachment of a sugar to a hydrophobic polyisoprenyl carrier is the first step for all extracellular glycosylation processes. The enzymes that perform these reactions, polyisoprenyl-glycosyltransferases (PI-GTs) include dolichol phosphate mannose synthase (DPMS), which generates the mannose donor for glycosylation in the endoplasmic reticulum. Here we report the 3.0 Å resolution crystal structure of GtrB, a glucose-specific PI-GT from Synechocystis, showing a tetramer in which each protomer contributes two helices to a membrane-spanning bundle. The active site is 15 Å from the membrane, raising the question of how water-soluble and membrane-embedded substrates are brought into apposition for catalysis. A conserved juxtamembrane domain harbours disease mutations, which compromised activity in GtrB in vitro and in human DPM1 tested in zebrafish. We hypothesize a role of this domain in shielding the polyisoprenyl-phosphate for transport to the active site. Our results reveal the basis of PI-GT function, and provide a potential molecular explanation for DPM1-related disease.

Una mirada científico-teórica al quehacer de la Propaganda Indirecta en el medio radiofónico

A partir del triunfo de la Revolución Cubana las acciones de propaganda indirecta devinieron ejercicio profesional dentro de la gama de acciones de los medios de comunicación masivos, asociados a la construcción y afianzamiento de la ideología socialista imperante en nuestro país y al mismo tiempo, aferrados a los preceptos de la comunicación política.Este factor ha influido en que esta tipología comunicativa en la emisora Radio Vitral de Sancti Spíritus constituya un quehacer imprescindible en los mensajes, lo cual se convirtió en punto de partida para, mediante una metodología de corte cualitativo y con los merecidos referentes teóricos, realizar un diagnóstico de cada una de las particularidades, dígase categoría, subcategorías e indicadores de la propaganda indirecta en este medio de comunicación del centro de Cuba, lo cual sirvió de soporte para la validación teórico metodológica de este instrumento evaluador.Asimismo, con los resultados analizados en el diagnóstico de la propaganda indirecta se determinó que se carecía, a diferencia de la creación directa, de herramientas para evaluar la eficacia de los mensajes comunicativos, acordes con las características propias del sistema radiofónico, lo cual devino motivo para proponer una herramienta científica y teórico metodológica que permita evaluar el quehacer propagandístico indirecto en el medio radiofónico, que des las miradas de las mediaciones sociales y la recepción activa garantice su aplicación en cada una de las emisoras cubanas.

Performing Resistance/Negotiating Sovereignty: Indigenous Women's Perofrmance Art in Canada

Performing Resistance/ Negotiating Sovereignty: Indigenous Women’s Performance Art In Canada investigates the contemporary production of Indigenous performance and video art in Canada in terms of cultural continuance, survivance and resistance. Drawing on critical Indigenous methodology, which foregrounds the necessity of privileging multiple Indigenous systems of knowledge, it explores these themes through the lenses of storytelling, decolonization, activism, and agency. With specific reference to performances by Rebecca Belmore, Lori Blondeau, Cheryl L'Hirondelle, Skeena Reece and Dana Claxton, as well as others, it argues that Indigenous performance art should be understood in terms of i) its enduring relationship to activism and resistance ii) its ongoing use as a tool for interventions in colonially entrenched spaces, and iii) its longstanding role in maintaining self-determination and cultural sovereignty.

Interaction of oestrogen receptor with the regulatory subunit of phosphatidylinositol-3-OH kinase

Oestrogen produces diverse biological effects through binding to the oestrogen receptor (ER)(1). The ER is a steroid hormone nuclear receptor, which, when bound to oestrogen, modulates the transcriptional activity of target genes(2). Controversy exists, however, concerning whether ER has a role outside the nucleus(3), particularly in mediating the cardiovascular protective effects of oestrogen(4). Here we show that the ER isoform, ER alpha, binds in a ligand-dependent manner to the p85 alpha regulatory subunit of phosphatidylinositol-3-OH kinase (PI(3)K). Stimulation with oestrogen increases ER alpha-associated PI(3)K activity, leading to the activation of protein kinase B/Akt and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). Recruitment and activation of PI(3)K by ligand-bound ERa are independent of gene transcription, do not involve phosphotyrosine adapter molecules or src-homology domains of p85 alpha, and extend to other steroid hormone receptors. Mice treated with oestrogen show increased eNOS activity and decreased vascular leukocyte accumulation after ischaemia and reperfusion injury. This vascular protective effect of oestrogen was abolished in the presence of PI(3)K or eNOS inhibitors. Our findings define a physiologically important non-nuclear oestrogen-signalling pathway involving the direct interaction of ERa with PI(3)K.

Predictive Current Control of Doubly Fed Induction Generators

This paper presents a predictive current control strategy for doubly-fed induction generators (DFIG). The method predicts the DFIG’s rotor current variations in the synchronous reference frame fixed to the stator flux within a fixed sampling period. This is then used to directly calculate the required rotor voltage to eliminate the current errors at the end of the following sampling period. Space vector modulation is used to generate the required switching pulses within the fixed sampling period. The impact of sampling delay on the accuracy of the sampled rotor current is analyzed and detailed compensation methods are proposed to improve the current control accuracy and system stability. Experimental results for a 1.5 kW DFIG system illustrate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed control strategy during rotor current steps and rotating speed variation. Tests during negative sequence current injection further demonstrate the excellent dynamic performance of the proposed PCC method.

The History of Expansion of the Genus Bursaphelenchus (Nematoda: Aphelenchida: Parasitaphelenchidae)

Because of globalization and removal of geographical barriers, frequent biological invasions of introduced species become an urgent environmental problem. According to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), precise identification of dangerous aggressive species at the early stages of their invasion to new regions is the most important component of the environmental control and monitoring. To resist the potential environmental hazard, the precise data are required on the current distribution and history of expansion of pests that are of global economic importance.

Avaliação do potencial reprodutivo de touros através do exame andrológico

Este trabalho refere-se às atividades do estágio de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária, apresentando-se casuística no âmbito dos planos sanitários e atividade clínica acompanhados. Como tema para discussão optou-se pela avaliação de touros através do exame andrológico. Após revisão bibliográfica analisaram-se dados obtidos pela VetAl (2008- 2012) caracterizando a população dos touros de carne no Sul de Portugal. Dos 184 touros avaliados foram aprovados 72,28 %, aumentando a probabilidade de reprovação tendencialmente com idade. Em parâmetros reprodutivos importantes como perímetro testicular existe influência de: idade (p<0,001), raça (p<0,05) e Pontuação da Condição Corporal (PCC) (p<0,05). Encontraram-se correlações significativas entre parâmetros tais como perímetro testicular e idade (p<0,001; r=0,52), PCC e parâmetros seminais microscópicos (p<0,05) e dos vários parâmetros entre si. O exame andrológico é essencial para estimar o potencial reprodutivo dos touros e importa fomentar a sua realização em Portugal para melhorar os níveis de fertilidade e rentabilidade das explorações; Abstract Rating of bulls’ reproductive potential through breeding soundness evaluation This document reports the activities of the traineeship for the Master in Veterinary Medicine, including the presentation of the number of cases attended during herd health plans and clinical activity. The theme chosen for discussion was bull fertility through breeding soundness evaluation. Data obtained by Vetal (2008-2012) were analyzed, according to the state of the art, with the aim of characterizing beef bulls’ population in Southern Portugal. Out of 184 bulls evaluated, 72,28 % were approved, unsuccessful outcome apparently increases with age. Scrotal circumference was significantly influenced by: age (p<0,001), breed (p<0,05) and Body Condition Scoring (BCS) (p<0,05). Correlations were significant between scrotal circumference and age (p<0,001; r=0,52), between BCS and microscopic semen evaluation parameters (p<0,05) and between these semen evaluation parameters. The breeding soundness evaluation is essential to assess bulls’ reproductive potential and routine performance of this exam should be encouraged in Portugal to improve fertility and herd profitability.

Alterações fonológicas em crianças com perturbação de linguagem

O presente trabalho propõe-se analisar as características fonológicas de 14 crianças com perturbação de linguagem (PL) e comparar com 14 crianças que apresentam desenvolvimento linguístico normal (estudo 1). As crianças com PL foram divididas em dois sub-grupos: as crianças com PL com quociente de inteligência não verbal (QINV) normal e as crianças com PL com QINV baixo. O estudo 2 visa analisar a eficácia de duas abordagens de intervenção (articulatória e fonológica) no grupo das 14 crianças com PL, usando um estudo experimental controlado randomizado. As medidas de resultados incluem indicadores de severidade (e.g., percentagem de consoantes correctas; percentagem de ocorrência de processos fonológicos; inventário fonético) e de inteligibilidade (palavras isoladas e fala encadeada). O trabalho pretende ainda analisar a resposta ao tratamento das crianças tendo em conta o seu nível de QINV. Foi também desenvolvido um questionário para obter as opiniões dos pais (análise qualitativa) sobre as abordagens de intervenção implementadas. Os resultados obtidos no estudo 1 indicam que as crianças com PL apresentam dificuldades graves a nível do desenvolvimento fonológico. Estas dificuldades evidenciaram-se pela percentagem reduzida de consoantes correctas e pela elevada frequência de utilização de processos fonológicos típicos nas crianças com PL quando comparadas com as crianças com desenvolvimento da linguagem normal. Verificou-se que as crianças com PL também apresentaram processos fonológicos que não são frequentes no desenvolvimento fonológico normal. Neste estudo verificou-se ainda que as crianças com QINV baixo e as crianças com QINV normal não apresentaram uma performance significativamente diferente nas medidas analisadas. Os resultados do estudo da análise da eficácia das abordagens de intervenção indicam que as duas abordagens foram eficazes na melhoria da produção das crianças. Os resultados mostraram uma diferença significativa no grupo tratado com a abordagem fonológica (AF) (p = 0.018) e no grupo tratado com a abordagem articulatória (AA) (p = 0.018) relativamente à diferença entre a PCC obtida antes e depois da intervenção terapêutica. Verificou-se também uma diferença significativa (p = 0.015) entre os dois grupos de intervenção o que sugere que o grupo das crianças tratadas com a AF apresentou uma evolução significativamente maior a nível da PCC comparativamente ao grupo das crianças tratadas com a AA. Os resultados obtidos neste estudo mostraram também que as diferenças a nível do QINV não influenciaram a resposta ao tratamento. Todos os pais consideraram que a intervenção contribuiu para a evolução das crianças, e que a terapia os ajudou a compreender melhor os seus filhos. Relativamente às experiências de inteligibilidade, os resultados foram obtidos através de um conjunto de ouvintes, entre os quais se verificou uma elevada concordância. Os resultados destas experiências mostraram que a AF foi eficaz na melhoria da inteligibilidade das palavras e da fala encadeada das crianças, ao contrário da AA.