The politics of contaminated sites management : institutional regime change and actor's mode of participation in the environmental management of the Bonfol Chemical Waste Landfill in Switzerland

By the end of the 1970s, contaminated sites had emerged as one of the most complex and urgent environmental issues affecting industrialized countries. The authors show that small and prosperous Switzerland is no exception to the pervasive problem of sites contamination, the legacy of past practices in waste management having left some 38,000 contaminated sites throughout the country. This book outlines the problem, offering evidence that open and polycentric environmental decision-making that includes civil society actors is valuable. They propose an understanding of environmental management of contaminated sites as a political process in which institutions frame interactions between strategic actors pursuing sometimes conflicting interests. In the opening chapter, the authors describe the influences of politics and the power relationships between actors involved in decision-making in contaminated sites management, which they term a "wicked problem." Chapter Two offers a theoretical framework for understanding institutions and the environmental management of contaminated sites. The next five chapters present a detailed case study on environmental management and contaminated sites in Switzerland, focused on the Bonfol Chemical Landfill. The study and analysis covers the establishment of the landfill under the first generation of environmental regulations, its closure and early remediation efforts, and the gambling on the remediation objectives, methods and funding in the first decade of the 21st Century. The concluding chapter discusses the question of whether the strength of environmental regulations, and the type of interactions between public, private, and civil society actors can explain the environmental choices in contaminated sites management. Drawing lessons from research, the authors debate the value of institutional flexibility for dealing with environmental issues such as contaminated sites.

Internalization and homologous desensitization of the GLP-1 receptor depend on phosphorylation of the receptor carboxyl tail at the same three sites.

Homologous desensitization and internalization of the GLP-1 receptor correlate with phosphorylation of the receptor in a 33-amino acid segment of the cytoplasmic tail. Here, we identify the sites of phosphorylation as being three serine doublets located at positions 441/442, 444/445, and 451/452. The role of phosphorylation on homologous desensitization was assessed after stable expression in fibroblasts of the wild type or of mutant receptors in which phosphorylation sites were changed in various combinations to alanines. We showed that desensitization, as measured by a decrease in the maximal production of cAMP after a first exposure of the cells to GLP-1, was strictly dependent on phosphorylation. Furthermore, the number of phosphorylation sites correlated with the extent of desensitization with no, intermediate, or maximal desensitization observed in the presence of one, two, or three phosphorylation sites, respectively. Internalization of the receptor-ligand complex was assessed by measuring the rate of internalization of bound [125I]GLP-1 or the redistribution of the receptor to an endosomal compartment after agonist binding. Our data demonstrate that internalization was prevented in the absence of receptor phosphorylation and that intermediate rates of endocytosis were obtained with receptors containing one or two phosphorylation sites. Thus, homologous desensitization and internalization require phosphorylation of the receptor at the same three sites. However, the differential quantitative impairment of these two processes in the single and double mutants suggests different molecular mechanisms controlling desensitization and internalization.

Iowa's E-85 Refueling Sites, 2007

I list of E-85 Refuling Sites in Iowa, produced by Iowa Department of Natural Resources.

Selective accumulation of mature DC-Lamp+ dendritic cells in tumor sites is associated with efficient T-cell-mediated antitumor response and control of metastatic dissemination in melanoma.

The clinical relevance of dendritic cells (DCs) at the tumor site remains a matter of debate concerning their role in the generation of effective antitumor immunity in human cancers. We performed a comprehensive immunohistochemical analysis using a panel of DC-specific antibodies on regressing tumor lesions and sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) in melanoma patients. Here we show in a case report involving spontaneous regression of metastatic melanoma that the accumulation of DC-Lamp+ DCs, clustered with tumor cells and lymphocytes, is associated with local expansion of antigen-specific memory effector CTLs. These findings were extended in a series of 19 melanoma-positive SLNs and demonstrated a significant correlation between the density of DC-Lamp+ DC infiltrates in SLNs with the absence of metastasis in downstream lymph nodes. This study, albeit performed in a limited series of patients, points to a pivotal role of mature DCs in the local expansion of efficient antitumor T-cell-mediated immune responses at the initial sites of metastasis and may have important implications regarding the prognosis, staging, and immunotherapy of melanoma patients.

Breeding sites of Neotropical Drosophilidae (Diptera): IV. living and fallen flowers of Sessea brasiliensis and Cestrum spp. (Solanaceae)

The flowering phenologies of Sessea brasiliensis and three species of Cestrum (C. amictum, C. schlechtendalii and C. sendtnerianum), all belonging to the Solanaceae, were monitored in a fragment of the montane Atlantic rain forest within São Paulo city from July 1993 through June 1995. A total of 11,021 flies belonging to five species of the flavopilosa group of Drosophila (D. cestri, D. cordeiroi, D. hollisae, D. incompta and D. mariaehelenae), plus 1,244 flies belonging to four species of Zygothrica (Z. dispar, Z. vittimaculosa, Z. vittinubila and Z. aff. vittipunctata) emerged from 33,955 sampled flowers. Cestrum amictum, C. sendtnerianum and Sessea brasiliensis are recorded for the first time as host plants for the species of the Neotropical flavopilosa group ofDrosophila. Additionally, at least ten less abundant taxa belonging also to the Drosophilidae, plus 1,073 microhymenopteran parasitoids (Braconidae, Eucoilidae, and Pteromalidae), emerged from the sampled flowers of S. brasiliensis e Cestrum spp. The present study raised from nine to eleven the number of species of Cestrum previously recorded as breeding sites for these flies. A comprehensive list of species of Solanaceae known to host six species of Drosophila and four species of Zygothrica in southeastern and southern Brazil is included.

A criança: Seus Direitos e Políticas Governamentais Estabelecidas para a sua Concretização em Cabo Verde

Este trabalho centra-se na problemática da Criança em Cabo-Verde, nas políticas de desenvolvimento deste país, que visam a defesa dos direitos da Criança, bem como o seu bem-estar social. Donde, se procurou fazer, no primeiro capítulo o enquadramento histórico e a contextualização económica, cultural e social de Cabo -Verde, de modo a conhecer melhor esta realidade. No capítulo três analisam-se os Direitos da Criança, especialmente os seus “não – direitos”, dado que ainda se encontra numa fase muito embrionária a aplicação global dos Direitos da Criança, no que concerne ao estabelecido, tanto na Declaração como na Convenção dos Direitos da Criança, respectivamente estabelecidas em 1959 e 1989, e abordadas no capítulo dois deste Trabalho. Este trabalho foi desenvolvido com o objectivo de melhor entender a situação das crianças neste país, a diferentes níveis, as suas dificuldades e anseios, bem como a protecção que lhes é devida, umas vezes concretizada, mas na maior parte dos casos ainda não. O trabalho de campo realça a importância do papel desempenhado pelas ONGs e Instituições governamentais, bem como o desenvolvimento alcançado, tendo sempre como objectivo, o processo integrador das Crianças. A metodologia de Investigação assenta em Inquéritos e Entrevistas, aplicados a uma amostra significativa. Os resultados procuraram dar respostas, sobre a realidade estudada. As conclusões, não são muito surpreendentes, mas são sobretudo, confirmativas das preocupações equacionadas como hipóteses, no início do estudo. É pois um trabalho de carácter mais qualitativo do que quantitativo, pelas suas próprias características intrínsecas, que ilustra a evolução deste país e o esforço politico tentado e já bastante conseguido, na melhoria e protecção das condições de vida da população em geral e das crianças em particular.

Liderança Organizacional: Mulheres Líderes nas Organizações Não Governamentais. Estudo de caso – OMCV

O propósito básico deste estudo é trabalhar a questão da liderança organizacional feminina e analisar a importância do papel da OMCV na promoção da Mulher, ressaltando as suas acções e actividades em prol desta causa. O pressuposto adaptado é que os métodos e técnicas de liderança aplicados contribuem para o sucesso no desempenho dessa instituição. As propostas teóricas de autores como Scott, Braga, Bass e outros serviram de base para a fundamentação teórica desta pesquisa e permitiram compreender os conceitos de género, a questão do género nas organizações, e a problemática da liderança. A metodologia adaptada, para além de outras, baseou-se no estudo de caso, realizada na OMCV, com recurso ao uso da entrevista. Utilizou-se, ainda, como fonte de dados a pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. Os resultados da pesquisa permitiram-nos verificar um conjunto de acções, políticas e valores da instituição estudada, o reconhecimento da importância das acções de responsabilidade, bem como o papel da organização para promoção da mulher na liderança organizacional. Enquanto uma organização de mulheres a OMCV promove a liderança feminina nas organizações e realizam um conjunto de acções (sensibilização, programas, etc.) para promover a imagem da mulher líder.

HTPSELEX--a database of high-throughput SELEX libraries for transcription factor binding sites.

HTPSELEX is a public database providing access to primary and derived data from high-throughput SELEX experiments aimed at characterizing the binding specificity of transcription factors. The resource is primarily intended to serve computational biologists interested in building models of transcription factor binding sites from large sets of binding sequences. The guiding principle is to make available all information that is relevant for this purpose. For each experiment, we try to provide accurate information about the protein material used, details of the wet lab protocol, an archive of sequencing trace files, assembled clone sequences (concatemers) and complete sets of in vitro selected protein-binding tags. In addition, we offer in-house derived binding sites models. HTPSELEX also offers reasonably large SELEX libraries obtained with conventional low-throughput protocols. The FTP site contains the trace archives and database flatfiles. The web server offers user-friendly interfaces for viewing individual entries and quality-controlled download of SELEX sequence libraries according to a user-defined sequencing quality threshold. HTPSELEX is available from ftp://ftp.isrec.isb-sib.ch/pub/databases/htpselex/ and http://www.isrec.isb-sib.ch/htpselex.

Breeding sites of drosophilids (Diptera) in the Brazilian Savanna. I. Fallen fruits of Emmotum nitens (Icacinaceae), Hancornia speciosa (Apocynaceae) and Anacardium humile (Anacardiaceae)

In this study, drosophilids that bred in fruits of three common plant species of the Brazilian Savanna were investigated: Emmotum nitens, Hancornia speciosa and Anacardium humile, along with the temporal and spatial distribution of these insects among fruits obtained from six individuals of E. nitens. Fallen fruits were collected in natural environments, placed on moist sand in individual containers and all drosophilids that emerged from these resources during 15 days were collected, counted and identified. From 3,651 fruits collected (3,435 of E. nitens, 179 of A. humile and 37 of H. speciosa) 4,541 flies emerged and were classified into 19 species of Drosophilidae. Their distribution was unequal among the three resources, also over time, and among the six individuals of E. nitens. Such fluctuations probably reflect the availability of resources in time and space and probably the action of selective factors such as larval competition.

Evaluating leaf litter beetle data sampled by Winkler extraction from Atlantic forest sites in southern Brazil

Evaluating leaf litter beetle data sampled by Winkler extraction from Atlantic forest sites in southern Brazil. To evaluate the reliability of data obtained by Winkler extraction in Atlantic forest sites in southern Brazil, we studied litter beetle assemblages in secondary forests (5 to 55 years after abandonment) and old-growth forests at two seasonally different points in time. For all regeneration stages, species density and abundance were lower in April compared to August; but, assemblage composition of the corresponding forest stages was similar in both months. We suggest that sampling of small litter inhabiting beetles at different points in time using the Winkler technique reveals identical ecological patterns, which are more likely to be influenced by sample incompleteness than by differences in their assemblage composition. A strong relationship between litter quantity and beetle occurrences indicates the importance of this variable for the temporal species density pattern. Additionally, the sampled beetle material was compared with beetle data obtained with pitfall traps in one old-growth forest. Over 60% of the focal species captured with pitfall traps were also sampled by Winkler extraction in different forest stages. Few beetles with a body size too large to be sampled by Winkler extraction were only sampled with pitfall traps. This indicates that the local litter beetle fauna is dominated by small species. Hence, being aware of the exclusion of large beetles and beetle species occurring during the wet season, the Winkler method reveals a reliable picture of the local leaf litter beetle community.

Spatial evaluation of larvae of Culicidae (Diptera) from different breeding sites: application of a geospatial method and implications for vector control

Spatial evaluation of Culicidae (Diptera) larvae from different breeding sites: application of a geospatial method and implications for vector control. This study investigates the spatial distribution of urban Culicidae and informs entomological monitoring of species that use artificial containers as larval habitats. Collections of mosquito larvae were conducted in the São Paulo State municipality of Santa Bárbara d' Oeste between 2004 and 2006 during house-to-house visits. A total of 1,891 samples and nine different species were sampled. Species distribution was assessed using the kriging statistical method by extrapolating municipal administrative divisions. The sampling method followed the norms of the municipal health services of the Ministry of Health and can thus be adopted by public health authorities in disease control and delimitation of risk areas. Moreover, this type of survey and analysis can be employed for entomological surveillance of urban vectors that use artificial containers as larval habitat.

Segurança em Sistemas de Informação Governamentais – O Caso do MTIE – Ministério do Turismo, Indústria e Energia

Este trabalho monográfico cujo tema é Segurança em Sistemas de Informação Governamentais tem como objectivo avaliar a situação actual dos Sistemas de informação governamental em geral, mais precisamente, no Ministério do Turismo, Indústria e Energia do Governo de Cabo Verde, no que tange à análise e gestão de risco em segurança de informação. Para materializar-se esse estudo utilizou-se como metodologia consultas Bibliográficas, Entrevistas informal (Conversa aberta), Recolha e Analise de dados. Pretende-se analisar a situação dos sistemas de informação governamental no que concerne a análise e gestão de risco em segurança de informação, bem como fazer algumas propostas de melhoria dos sistemas e segurança de informação no MTIE e ainda fazer uma recomendação em relação a política da segurança de informação no NOSI.

Publicidade na Internet Análise comparativa da Publicidade nos sites de três Jornais Online em Cabo Verde

O presente trabalho de Memória intitulado “Publicidade na Internet: Análise comparativa da publicidade nos sites de três jornais online em Cabo Verde”, realiza-se no âmbito da de licenciatura em Ciências da Comunicação variante publicidade na Universidade conclusão Jean Piaget de Cabo Verde. m meio importante publicidade. Pretende-se determinar que recursos da Internet estão a ser Objectiva-se com este trabalho, compreender até que ponto a Internet é u para a veiculação de aproveitados e aplicados pelos anunciantes em Cabo Verde para fazerem as suas online e que tipos serviços os jornais oferecem aos seus clientes ou anunciantes. A anális será feita tendo como base os parâmetros como os tipos de publicidade online, as suas form de comércio e os tipos de interactividade oferecida. Será efectuada uma an publicidade online feita actualmente em Cabo Verde, confrontando com como meio publicitário e com alguns estudos desenvolvidos anteriorment em Cabo Verde. divulgações e as álise crítica sobre a o potencial da web e sobre este assunto

Publicidade na Internet Análise comparativa da Publicidade nos sites de três Jornais Online em Cabo Verde

Sumário O presente trabalho de Memória intitulado “Publicidade na Internet: Análise comparativa da publicidade nos sites de três jornais online em Cabo Verde”, realiza-se no âmbito da conclusao de licenciatura em Ciências da Comunicação variante publicidade na Universidade conclusão Jean Piaget de Cabo Verde. m meio importante publicidade. Pretende-se determinar que recursos da Internet estão a ser Objectiva-se com este trabalho, compreender até que ponto a Internet é u para a veiculação de aproveitados e aplicados pelos anunciantes em Cabo Verde para fazerem as suas online e que tipos serviços os jornais oferecem aos seus clientes ou anunciantes. A anális será feita tendo como base os parâmetros como os tipos de publicidade online, as suas form de comércio e os tipos de interactividade oferecida. Será efectuada uma an publicidade online feita actualmente em Cabo Verde, confrontando com como meio publicitário e com alguns estudos desenvolvidos anteriorment em Cabo Verde. divulgações e as álise crítica sobre a o potencial da web e sobre este assunto em Cabo Verde.

Évaluation de la qualité des sites internet francophones traitant de la dépendance à l'alcool

L'objectif de cet article est d'investiguer de manière systématique la qualité des sites internet francophones traitant de la dépendance à l'alcool. Les auteurs ont examiné les 20 premières pages identifiées par trois moteurs de recherche généraux avec deux mots clés. Au total, 45 sites pertinents ont été évalués. Les auteurs concluent que la qualité globale des sites est relativement pauvre, spécialement pour la description des traitements possibles, et largement variable. La qualité de contenu n'est pas corrélée avec les autres aspects évalués tels que l'interactivité, l'esthétisme ou le dévoilement de l'identité des auteurs ou de leur source.