Wie uns Andere sehen

Leo Rafaels

Multiple retinal detachment surgery: A functional outcome study. The Houston Vision Assessment Test-Retina (HVAT-Retina)

Retinal detachment is a common ophthalmologic procedure, and outcome is typically measured by a single factor-improvement in visual acuity. Health related functional outcome testing, which quantifies patient's self-reported perception of impairment, can be integrated with objective clinical findings. Based on the patient's self-assessed lifestyle impairment, the physician and patient together can make an informed decision on the treatment that is most likely to benefit the patient. ^ A functional outcome test (the Houston Vision Assessment Test-Retina; HVAT-Retina) was developed and validated in patients with multiple retinal detachments in the same eye. The HVAT-Retina divides an estimated total impairment into subcomponents: contribution of visual disability (potentially correctable by retinal detachment surgery) and nonvisual physical disabilities (co-morbidities not affected by retinal detachment surgery. ^ Seventy-six patients participated in this prospective multicenter study. Seven patients were excluded from the analysis because they were not certain of their answers. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.91 for presurgery HVAT-Retina and 0.94 post-surgery. The item-to-total correlation ranged from 0.50 to 0.88. Visual impairment score improved by 9 points from pre-surgery (p = 0.0003). Physical impairment score also improved from pre-surgery (p = 0.0002). ^ In conclusion, the results of this study demonstrate that the instrument is reliable and valid in patients presenting with recurrent retinal detachments. The HVAT-Retina is a simple instrument and does not burden the patient or the health professional in terms of time or cost. It may be self-administrated, not requiring an interviewer. Because the HVAT-Retina was designed to demonstrate outcomes perceivable by the patient, it has the potential to guide the decision making process between patient and physician. ^

Confocal analysis of synaptic connectivity of the rod pathway in the rabbit retina

The retina is a specialized neuronal structure that transforms the optical image into electrical signals which are transmitted to the brain via the optic nerve. As part of the strategy to cover a stimulus range as broad as 10 log units, from dim starlight to bright sunlight, retinal circuits are broadly divided into rod and cone pathways, responsible for dark and light-adapted vision, respectively. ^ In this dissertation, confocal microscopy and immunocytochemical methods were combined to study the synaptic connectivity of the rod pathway from the level of individual synapses to whole populations of neurons. The study was focused on synaptic interactions at the rod bipolar terminal. The purpose is to understand the synaptic structure of the dyad synapse made by rod bipolar terminals, including the synaptic components and connections, and their physiological functions in the rod pathway. In addition, some additional components and connections of the rod pathway were also studied in these experiments. The major results can be summarized as following: At the dyad synapse of rod bipolar terminals, three postsynaptic components—processes of All amacrine cells and the varicosities of S1 or S2 amacrine cells express different glutamate receptor subunits, which may underlie the functional diversity of these postsynaptic neurons. A reciprocal feedback system is formed by rod bipolar terminals and S1/S2 amacrine cells. Analysis showed these two wide-field GABA amacrine cells have stereotyped synaptic connections with the appropriate morphology and distribution to perform specific functions. In addition, S1 and S2 cells have different coupling patterns and, in general, there is no coupling between the two types. Besides the classic rod pathway though rod bipolar cells and All amacrine cells, the finding of direct connections between certain types of OFF cone bipolar cells and rods indicates the presence of an alternative rod pathway in the rabbit retina. ^ In summary, this dissertation presents a detailed view of the connection and receptors at rod bipolar terminals. Based on the morphology, distribution and coupling, different functional roles were identified for S1 and S2 amacrine cells. Finally, an alternative to the classic rod pathway was found in the rabbit retina. ^

Gott sehen : eine Skizze

Benno Jacob

Sehen und Hören

J. A. Loubetzki

Die Juden, wie die Christen sie sehen

Nikolaj Schelgunow

Die Juden, wie die Christen sie sehen : (Fortsetzung und Schluss)

Wassiltschikow

Was wir in London sehen sollen

Leo Rafaels

Was wir in London sehen sollen : (Schluss)

Leo Rafaels

Mit Bewilligung einer hohen Obrigkeit, ist allhie zu sehen: ein sehr kunstreich- und kostbares auch neu Mathematisches Werk von Endes benannten, bey vielen Resp. so wohl Kayserl. Königl. Chur- und Fürstlichen hohen Höfen, wohlbekanntem Künstler ...

Fridrich Reßler

Na 50 Nachlass Arthur Schopenhauer - 'Schopenhauer-Archiv', 619 - Übersendung des Leipziger Buchhändlers Johann Friedrich Hartknoch des von ihm verlegten Exemplars der Erstausgabe "Über das Sehen und die Farben"

u.a.: Verlagsinventur 1844; Anfrage einer Neuauflage;

Na 50 Nachlass Arthur Schopenhauer - 'Schopenhauer-Archiv', 622 - Übersendung von Johann Friedrich Hartknoch der 10 Freiexemplare von "Über das Sehen und die Farben"

u.a.: Verlag Brockhaus; Honorarabrechnung;

Eigentlicher abriß deß Schröcklichen Cometsterns : welcher sich den 16, 26 December deß 1680. Jahrs von neuen widerumb sehen lassen .̤

Original: Sehr knapp beschnitten, Plattenrand nicht erkennbar

[Ein Komet über Regensburg] : Nuhn lest sich widerum ein Cometh sehen zu Regenspurg .̤

Original: Sehr knapp beschnitten, Plattenrand nicht erkennbar

Abriss des Erschrecklichen wunderzeichens, so sich den 15. Novembr. 1667 beim dorff Mittelfischach am Firmament des Himmels bey auff gehender Sonn etlich stunden lang sehen lassen

Original sehr knapp beschnitten, Plattenrand nicht erkennbar