Hacia una taxonomía constructiva de las tapias de tierra y fábricas encofradas históricas = Towards a constructive taxonomy of the historical rammed-earth and formwork masonry

El objetivo fundamental de la investigación es el estudio de los fundamentos constructivos de las fábricas históricas de tapia de tierra y mampostería encofrada de las fortificaciones bajomedievales. Ante las incertidumbres detectadas en la datación de estas estructuras y frente al excesivo número de excepciones que quedan fuera de las clasificaciones tradicionalmente empleadas para estudiar este tipo de técnicas, el artículo desarrolla una propuesta de tipología o taxonomía constructiva basada en un sistema abierto. Este sistema nace del análisis de un número significativo de fábricas y atiende a diversos parámetros de control para la completa caracterización de cada fábrica: material, grado de compactación, función constructiva, encofrado, acabado superficial, combinación de materiales y situación, profundidad, formación y sección de los agujales. Cada fábrica se clasifica mediante una etiqueta alfanumérica. El sistema permite establecer tipos constructivos con los que se genera una clasificación cronotipológica constructiva. ABSTRACT The principal aim of the research is the study of the constructive reasons of the historical masonries built with rammed earth and formwork masonry, belonging to late medieval fortifications. Uncertainties have been warned about dating the historical masonries and there are excessive exceptions that do not fall in the rankings traditionally employed to study these techniques. Due to these reasons, the article develops a proposal of constructive typology or taxonomy based in an open system that comes from the analysis of a representative number of masonries and that attends to several control parameters tor the complete characterization of each masonry: material, compaction degree, constructive function, formwork, rendering, combination of materials and, last, the situation, deepness, formation and section of the putlogholes. Each masonry is classified through an alphanumeric label. The system allows establishing several constructive types which it is possible to do a cronotypological and constructive classification.

Default taxonomy: Ernst Mayr’s view of the microbial world

This perspective is a response to a taxonomic proposal by E. Mayr [“Two empires or three?” (1998) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 95, 9720–9723]. Mayr has suggested that the now accepted classification of life into three primary domains, Archaea, Bacteria, and Eucarya—originally proposed by myself and others—be abandoned in favor of the earlier Prokaryote–Eukaryote classification. Although the matter appears a taxonomic quibble, it is not that simple. At issue here are differing views as to the nature of biological classification, which are underlain by differing views as to what biology is and will be—matters of concern to all biologists.

Common trees / by J. Francis Macbride, Asst. Curator, Taxonomy, Dept. of Botany.

no.11(1936)

Upper premolar-molar structure in the notoungulata with notes on taxonomy / by Bryan Patterson --

v.6:no.6(1934)

Contributions to the genetics, taxonomy, and ecology of the Drosophila pseudoobscura and its relatives /

Title on spine: Drosophila pseudoobdscura and its relatives.

A professional research and knowledge taxonomy for youth development : youth development, January 1990-July 1991 /

Includes index.

A professional research and knowledge taxonomy for youth development : youth program management, January 1990 - July 1991 /

Includes index.

A professional research and knowledge taxonomy for youth development : Communication, January 1990 - July 1991 : Volunteerism, January 1990 - July 1991 /

Includes indexes.

Lists of publications of value to students of the taxonomy of vascular plants of North America,

Mode of access: Internet.

A biochemic basis for the study of problems of taxonomy, heredity, evolution, etc., with especial reference to the starches and tissues of parent-stocks and hybrid-stocks and the starches and hemoglobins of varieties, species, and genera.

Mode of access: Internet.

College botany, including organography, vegetable histology, vegetable physiology and vegetable taxonomy, with a brief account of the succession of plants in geologic time, and a glossary of botanical terms.

Mode of access: Internet.

Taxonomy of specimens of the Pennsylvanian age Marattialean fern Psaronius from Ohio and Illinois/

Bibliography: p. 61-64.