1000 resultados para Radioterapia - Teses


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O cncer uma doena que tem incio quando ocorre uma mutao gentica no DNA da clula, onde o mecanismo de controle do crescimento normal do tecido celular alterado. O tratamento do cncer por radioterapia tem como objetivo a eliminao das clulas cancergenas ou alvio dos sintomas. Este trabalho visa estudar conceitos envolvidos no planejamento do tratamento de cncer por radioterapia, o modelo de programao linear, os mtodos Primal-Dual-Afim-Escala e Primal-Dual-Clssico e apresentar uma aplicao dos mtodos para problemas gerais de otimizao

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientfico e Tecnolgico (CNPq)

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This paper aims to base the thesis that the varied currents of the post-modern thought, in so far as have recourse to relativism to a greater or lesser degree, contribute to the legitimation of the religious education in public schools and, in a broader aspect, the religion in the public spaces. The methodological resource used to demonstrate the link between post-modern thought and religious education is the analysis at the historical and dialectical materialism perspective of publications produced to increase teachers on this discipline that is, in compliance with the Constitution, optional for students and mandatory for public elementary schools. The subject of this analysis is the learning content and has as prime concern to highlight the discourse of legitimation recurrent in authors when it is explicit in itself and explicit when it does not. The religious education in public schools as object of study allows us to understand the relationship between the post-modern thought, with its hegemony space within the human sciences and contextualized in the neoliberal economic environment, and the learning to learn pedagogies currently hegemonic in the educational landscape. We intend to contribute to the legal debate on laity, the philosophical debate on post-modernism and especially to the debate on the pedagogical theories in the educational fundaments.

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The present article aims to elaborate an objective analytical panel, initially from the 1920- 1930 when Luiz Igncio Romeiro de Anhaia Mello, cathedratic in the urban question, started to quote a series of authors and American plans as references to their reflections, mainly when the point was the verticalization or not at So Paulo City. From a broad bibliographic research with the systematization of the register from the debate between Anhaia Mello, this article intends to point out how the transposition of the urbanistic conceptions to the academic environment happened and, at the same time, the legal normatization of the So Paulo City that resulted in the creation of a draft of the regulations for use and occupation of the soil. The systematizations and analysis were based in a broad reading of the bibliography and documental sources that refer to the proposed theme. The books of the library of FAU-USP, specifically the one from SAGMACS Sociedade de Anlises Grficas e Mecanogrficas Aplicadas aos Complexos Sociais ( Society of Graphical Mechanical-Graphic Analysis Applied to Social Complexes) -, aiming to select papers and the collection of Anhaia Mellos family, so that a reconstruction of the intellectual and professional journey of the Urbanism Professor. The systematization of the collected data and posterior comparison with the bibliographical study was fundamental for the reconstruction of the reflection of Anhaia Mello about the ways of the urban streets and roads at Sao Paulo City should be lead to on the middle of the XX century having as a guideline the debate between Anhaia Mello very common on the 1950s for less important countries when dealing with the organization of the size of industrial metropolis. It was possible to identify the crystallization of one urbanistic proposal for the city: the from Anhaia Mello, that bet on the reversion of the metropolitan cycle by stopping the urban growth by the application of the theoretical conception of the garden city.

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Fundao de Amparo Pesquisa do Estado de So Paulo (FAPESP)

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Essa pesquisa teve como objetivo discutir e analisar a questo da incluso escolar tendo em vista explorar a produo acadmica a respeito da temtica a fim de comparar as tendncias metodolgicas de estudo e relatar as evolues histricas ao longo desde a dcada de 90. Para isso, o presente trabalho est estruturado em trs captulos: o primeiro uma breve retrospectiva histrica cultural entre deficientes, escola e a sociedade; o segundo sobre a formao continuada e inicial do professor inclusivo e o terceiro descreve os resultados do levantamento bibliogrfico realizado na base de dados online da UNESP, considerando trabalhos de concluso de curso, dissertaes e teses defendidas entre 1990 e 2013. Os dados coletados foram analisados qualitativamente, com alguns resultados quantitativos. Aps a coleta de dados, os trabalhos foram analisados com base nos seguintes critrios: objetivos, local da pesquisa, tipo de delineamento, instituto onde o trabalho foi apresentado, principais resultados, instrumentos e tipos de participantes (quando configurar uma pesquisa emprica). Pretendeu-se verificar, se existe uma tendncia na metodologia de trabalhos cientficos em relao a esse tema, de pesquisas mais de cunho bibliogrfico ou emprico, dado a sua complexidade

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Ps-graduao em Educao para a Cincia - FC

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Coordenao de Aperfeioamento de Pessoal de Nvel Superior (CAPES)

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Since the discovery of x rays, the use of radiation in oncology has advanced remarkably. In Brazil, radiation therapy in animals is limited to some isolated studies in public universities and the procedures performed is still precarious because radiation equipments are expensive and there is still a lack of skilled professionals. The transmissible venereal tumor (TVT) is a contagious neoplasm of spontaneous occurrence, commonly treated with vincristine. This paper describes the positive experience of radiotherapy as an isolated option or as an combined treatment with vincristine in three cases of TVT. It was observed that radiotherapy may be used in routine clinical chemotherapy alone or combined with chemotherapy since suitable sources of radiation are provided.

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This work presents a brief historical about the use of ionizing radiations in Veterinary Medicine, instructing the physical beginnings and techniques wrapped in the realization of the proceedings of radiotherapy in animals, illustrating some treated cases, highlighting the difficulties and pointing to the perspectives and importance of the acting of the medical physics in this kind of therapeutic still little used in the national scenery.

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O cncer um problema de sade pblica mundial, com destaque para a incidncia do cncer de cabea e pescoo, em funo da biologia das leses, custo do tratamento, acompanhamento e nus social. Seus tratamentos mais utilizados como a cirurgia e radioterapia, apresentam srios efeitos colaterais de curto e longo prazo, cujo so complexo. As principais orientaes e cuidados no tratamento do cncer de cabea e pescoo foram obtidos atravs de reviso de literatura sistemtica em bases de dados pblicas. O objetivo desta reviso de literatura foi mostrar os principais cuidados na preveno e tratamento das sequelas da radioterapia desse tipo de cncer. Nesse particular, observa-se a necessidade de um protocolo de enfermagem-odontologia, visto a complexidade e a falta de direcionamento das normas do Sistema nico de Sade, alm da responsabilidade dos cuidados desses pacientes, que ficam a cargo da equipe de sade, atendendo as suas reais necessidades, tanto pessoais, psicolgicas e fisiolgicas.

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This study evaluated the oral conditions of 50 cancer patients undergoing head and neck radiotherapy (RT). Clinical examinations were performed before treatment, immediately after 30 days after RT and 6 months after conclusion of RT. Periodontal conditions were evaluated using the criteria of the Periodontal Screening and Recording (SRP) and the need for dental treatment were determined. The presence of xerostomia, mucositis and other side effects of RT were also evaluated. Soon after the beginning of RT, the irradiated patients of radiotherapy developed severe mucositis, dermatitis, dysgeusia, xerostomia and, to a lesser extent, candidosis. After completion of radiotherapy, 68% of patients had level III or IV mucositis. It was found that the development of mucositis hinders oral hygiene and these factors contribute to exacerbate inflammation of periodontal tissues. The data from this study evidenced that the main cause of desertion of RT and of severity of sequelae of RT depends on the oral conditions of patients before starting treatment and the absence of previous dental treatment prior RT.

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In order to evaluate the quality of life of patients with head and neck cancer, this study analyzed data of 24 patients with squamous cell carcinoma, which indicated therapy was radiotherapy or not be combined with chemotherapy and surgery. The study was conducted in the Unit of Radiotherapy of Megavoltage located in the So Jos de Rio Preto-SP, in the period August 2007 to January 2008. Then, it was used the questionnaire of quality of life from University of Washington which enabled the identification of different quality of life patterns associated with the different stages of radiotherapy, indicating to be viable the prospect of recognition of prognostic factors of reduction in multiple domains of quality of life. From the data collected and analyzed, it was identified that the areas with the worst score in the begin of radiotherapy were appearance, speech and anxiety; during the treatment were taste, saliva and anxiety; and in the end were taste, saliva and swallowing. Throughout the treatment, it was observed the deterioration of patients' mood. In this regard, emphasizes the importance of dental and psychological follow-up, within the framework of a multidisciplinary care for patients with head and neck cancer during radiotherapy treatment.

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Coordenao de Aperfeioamento de Pessoal de Nvel Superior (CAPES)

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Levando em conta o modelo de desenvolvimento vigente, consideramos o momento atual, de crise ambiental, como fruto do estabelecimento de uma postura antropocntrica frente natureza. Assim, a EA vem sendo apontada como uma das possibilidades de mudana deste cenrio. A EA que propomos se apoia em trs dimenses, estabelecidas por Carvalho (1989), com especial enfoque na dimenso valorativa. Dentre os recursos potencialmente relevantes para o desenvolvimento da EA, destacamos o cinema ficcional e documentrio. Possuidor de uma linguagem prpria, o cinema pode e deve ser utilizado, visto que sua presena na sociedade atual intensa. Dentre as inmeras qualidades que este recurso possui, consideramos que ele apresenta imenso poder de atrair a ateno dos alunos, uma vez que possui por si s tcnicas nicas para tal finalidade. O uso do cinema em sala de aula, entretanto, exige alguns cuidados e preparativos por parte de quem se prope a utiliz-lo com este fim, ou corre-se o risco de recair em um uso corriqueiro, a fins de entretenimento, e portanto sem qualquer finalidade educativa. As perguntas que permeiam o presente trabalho so: este assunto tem sido abordado em teses e dissertaes voltadas a pesquisas envolvendo a EA? Se sim, quais fundamentaes tericas abarcam, e o que est sendo levando em considerao para sua execuo? Que aspectos significativos tm sido apontados sobre esses recursos, que podem subsidiar os trabalhos de EA? Para a coleta das teses de interesse, recorreremos ao banco de dissertaes e teses de educao ambiental desenvolvido pelo projeto de pesquisa interinstitucional denominado Educao ambiental no Brasil: anlise da produo acadmica (teses e dissertaes) - EArte. Verificamos que, apesar de muitos trabalhos apontarem o uso de filmes em suas pesquisas, este uso ainda feito de maneira superficial e tido apenas como mais um recurso de apoio. Existe uma...