Estudo do remodelamento da lâmina própria da laringe relacionado ao processo de senilidade

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Análise comparativa da expressão de quimiocinas, citocinas e micropartículas em pacientes com câncer de ovário e endometriomas

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Alterations in extracellular matrix composition in the aging larynx

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Factors associated with red blood cell transfusions in very-low-birth-weight preterm infants in Brazilian neonatal units

Preterm infants in neonatal intensive care units frequently receive red blood cells (RBC) transfusions due to the anemia of prematurity. A number of variables related to gestational age, severity of illness and transfusion practices adopted in the neonatal unit where the neonate was born may contribute to the prescription of RBC transfusions. This study aimed to analyse the frequency and factors associated with RBC transfusions in very-low-birth-weight preterm infants. A prospective cohort of 4283 preterm infants (gestational age: 29.9 ± 2.9 weeks; birth weight: 1084 ± 275 g) carried out at 16 university hospitals in Brazil between January 2009 and December 2011 was analysed. Factors associated with RBC transfusions were evaluated using univariate and multiple logistic regression analysis. A total of 2208 (51.6%) infants received RBC transfusions (variation per neonatal unit: 34.1% to 66.4%). RBC transfusions were significantly associated with gestational age (OR: -1.098; 95%CI: -1.12 to -1.04), SNAPPE II score (1.01; 1.00-1.02), apnea (1.69; 1.34-2.14), pulmonary hemorrhage (2.65; 1.74-4.031), need for oxygen at 28 days of life (1.56; 1.17-2.08), clinical sepsis (3.22; 2.55-4.05), necrotising enterocolitis (3.80; 2.26-6.41), grades III/IV intraventricular hemorrhage (1.64; 1.05-2.58), mechanical ventilation (2.27; 1.74-2.97), use of umbilical catheter (1.86; 1.35-2.57), parenteral nutrition (2.06; 1.27-3.33), >60 days of hospitalization (5.29; 4.02-6.95) and the neonatal unit where the neonate was born. The frequency of RBC transfusions varied among neonatal intensive care units. Even after adjusting for adverse health conditions and therapeutic interventions, the neonatal unit continued to influence transfusion practices in very-low birth-weight infants.

Osseointegration of anodized implant: effect of fibrin adhesive/TEA on primary stability

Processo FAPESP: 2012/24545-3

Capacidad de uso de la tierra en la cuenca de la Corriente del Lobo, Itatinga, São Paulo, Brasil

The objective of the research was to define the classes of use capacity of 2403.25 ha in the basin of the Corriente del Lobo - Itatinga (SP), (22°03'56" to 22°59'12" of latitude S and 48°38'47" to 48°41'25" of longitude W Gr.). The soil use capacity was obtained by using the SIG IDRISI 32 crossing the documents of steepness and soils and the document of judgment of classes of soil use capacity and of the utilitarian rising of the physical milieu. The classes and subclasses areas of use capacity presented the following values: IIIa - 68.60 ha (2.85%), IIIe,s - 1919.15 ha (79.86%); IIIe - 210.60 ha (8.76%); IVe - 3.38ha (0.14%); IVe,s - 157.42 ha (6.55%) and VIe,s - 44.10 ha (1.84%). The lands of the basin were distributed in three classes (III, IV and VI) and six subclasses but the biggest extension (79.9%) belonged to the subclass IIIe,s. The modules of the IDRISI allowed to discriminate, mapping and to quantify quickly the soil use capacity of the areas of classes and subclasses in the basin.

Notes and new taxa in Acanthoderini (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Lamiinae). V. Three new genera and notes on Irundisaua.

Generic characters of Irundisaua Martins & Galileo, 2005 are expanded (antennal formula, width of prosternal process inferior or equal to the diameter of procoxa, protibia enlarged and flattened) and two species are transferred from Acanthoderes Audinet-Serville, 1835: I. forsteri (Tippmann, 1960) comb. nov from Peru and Brazil (Amazonas) and I. ucayalensis (Tippmann,1960) comb. nov from Ecuador, Peru and Brazil (Amazonas).Three new genera are described: (1) Catuana gen. nov., type species, C. spinicornis (Tippmann, 1960) comb. nov, characterized by the mesosternal tubercle; (2) Mundeu gen. nov, type species, M. maculicollis (Bates, 1861) comb. nov, with rounded sides of protorax and expanded protibiae; (3) Urangaua gen. nov, with eyes divided and finelly granulated, length of antenomeres III-IV subequal to V-XI; the genus is proposed of two species: U. analis Melzer, 1935 comb. nov, type species, and U. subanalis (Zajciw,1964) comb. nov. A key to the species of Urangaua is added.

Global and Regional Ventricular Repolarization Study by Body Surface Potential Mapping in Patients with Left Bundle-Branch Block and Heart Failure Undergoing Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy

Background: The controversial effects promoted by cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) on the ventricular repolarization (VR) have motivated VR evaluation by body surface potential mapping (BSPM) in CRT patients. Methods: Fifty-two CRT patients, mean age 58.8 +/- 12.3 years, 31 male, LVEF 27.5 +/- 9.2, NYHA III-IV heart failure with QRS181.5 +/- 14.2 ms, underwent 87-lead BSPM in sinus rhythm (BASELINE) and biventricular pacing (BIV). Measurements of mean and corrected QT intervals and dispersion, mean and corrected T peak end intervals and their dispersion, and JT intervals characterized global and regional (RV, Intermediate, and LV regions) ventricular repolarization response. Results: Global QTm (P < 0.001) and QTcm (P < 0.05) were decreased in BIV; QTm was similar across regions in both modes (P = ns); QTcm values were lower in RV/LV than in Intermediate region in BASELINE and BIV (P < 0.001); only RV/Septum showed a significant difference (P < 0.01) in the BIV mode. QTD values both of BASELINE (P < 0.01) and BIV (P < 0.001) were greater in the Intermediate than in the LV region. CRT effect significantly reduced global/regional QTm and QTcm values. QTD was globally decreased in RV/LV (Intermediate: P = ns). BIV mode significantly reduced global T peak end mean and corrected intervals and their dispersion. JT values were not significant. Conclusions: Ventricular repolarization parameters QTm, QTcm, and QTD global/regional values, as assessed by BSPM, were reduced in patients under CRT with severe HF and LBBB. Greater recovery impairment in the Intermediate region was detected by the smaller variation of its dispersion.

CD44/CD24 immunophenotypes on clinicopathologic features of salivary glands malignant neoplasms

Abstract Background Salivary Glands Malignant Neoplasms (SGMNs) account for 3-6% of head and neck cancers and 0.3% of all cancers. Tumor cells that express CD44 and CD24 exhibit a stem-cell-like behavior. CD44 is the binding site for hyaluronic acid, and CD24 is a receptor that interacts with P-selectin to induce metastasis and tumor progression. The present study aims to evaluate the expression of CD44 and CD24 on SGMNs and correlated these data with several clinicopathologic features. Methods Immunohistochemical stains for CD44 and CD24 were performed on tissue microarrays containing SGMN samples from 69 patients. The CD44, CD24 and CD44/CD24 expression phenotypes were correlated to patient clinicopathologic features and outcome. Results CD44 expression was associated with the primary site of neoplasm (p = 0.046). CD24 was associated with clinical stage III/IV (p = 0.008), T stage (p = 0,27) and lymph node (p = 0,001). The CD44/CD24 profiles were associated with the primary site of injury (p = 0.005), lymph node (p = 0.011) and T stage (p = 0.023). Univariate analysis showed a significant relationship between clinical staging and disease- free survival (p = 0.009), and the overall survival presents relation with male gender (p = 0.011) and metastasis (p = 0.027). Conclusion In summary, our investigation confirms that the clinical stage, in accordance with the literature, is the main prognostic factor for SGMN. Additionally, we have presented some evidence that the analysis of isolated CD44 and CD24 immunoexpression or the two combined markers could give prognostic information associated to clinicopathologic features in SGMN. Virtual Slides The virtual slide(s) for this article can be found here: http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/1284611098470676.

Distribution of Rickettsia rickettsii in ovary cells of Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Latreille1806) (Acari: Ixodidae)

Abstract Background Considering the fact that the dog tick, Rhipicephalus sanguineus, has a great potential to become the vector of Brazilian Spotted Fever (BSF) for humans, the present study aimed to describe the distribution of the bacterium Rickettsia rickettsii, the etiological agent of BSF, in different regions of the ovaries of R. sanguineus using histological techniques. The ovaries were obtained from positive females confirmed by the hemolymph test and fed in the nymph stage on guinea pigs inoculated with R. rickettsii. Results The results showed a general distribution of R. rickettsii in the ovary cells, being found in oocytes in all stages of development (I, II, III, IV and V) most commonly in the periphery of the oocyte and also in the cytoplasm of pedicel cells. Conclusions The histological analysis of the ovaries of R. sanguineus infected females confirmed the presence of the bacterium, indicating that the infection can interfere negatively in the process of reproduction of the ticks, once alterations were detected both in the shape and cell structure of the oocytes which contained bacteria.

Biochemical and histological characterization of tomato mutants

Biochemical responses inherent to antioxidant systems as well morphological and anatomical properties of photomorphogenic, hormonal and developmental tomato mutants were investigated. Compared to the non-mutant Micro-Tom (MT), we observed that the malondialdehyde (MDA) content was enhanced in the diageotropica (dgt) and lutescent (l) mutants, whilst the highest levels of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) were observed in high pigment 1 (hp1) and aurea (au) mutants. The analyses of antioxidant enzymes revealed that all mutants exhibited reduced catalase (CAT) activity when compared to MT. Guaiacol peroxidase (GPOX) was enhanced in both sitiens (sit) and notabilis (not) mutants, whereas in not mutant there was an increase in ascorbate peroxidase (APX). Based on PAGE analysis, the activities of glutathione reductase (GR) isoforms III, IV, V and VI were increased in l leaves, while the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) isoform III was reduced in leaves of sit, epi, Never ripe (Nr) and green flesh (gf) mutants. Microscopic analyses revealed that hp1 and au showed an increase in leaf intercellular spaces, whereas sit exhibited a decrease. The au and hp1 mutants also exhibited a decreased in the number of leaf trichomes. The characterization of these mutants is essential for their future use in plant development and ecophysiology studies, such as abiotic and biotic stresses on the oxidative metabolism.

MYC, FBXW7 and TP53 copy number variation and expression in Gastric Cancer

Abstract Background MYC deregulation is a common event in gastric carcinogenesis, usually as a consequence of gene amplification, chromosomal translocations, or posttranslational mechanisms. FBXW7 is a p53-controlled tumor-suppressor that plays a role in the regulation of cell cycle exit and reentry via MYC degradation. Methods We evaluated MYC, FBXW7, and TP53 copy number, mRNA levels, and protein expression in gastric cancer and paired non-neoplastic specimens from 33 patients and also in gastric adenocarcinoma cell lines. We also determined the invasion potential of the gastric cancer cell lines. Results MYC amplification was observed in 51.5% of gastric tumor samples. Deletion of one copy of FBXW7 and TP53 was observed in 45.5% and 21.2% of gastric tumors, respectively. MYC mRNA expression was significantly higher in tumors than in non-neoplastic samples. FBXW7 and TP53 mRNA expression was markedly lower in tumors than in paired non-neoplastic specimens. Moreover, deregulated MYC and FBXW7 mRNA expression was associated with the presence of lymph node metastasis and tumor stage III-IV. Additionally, MYC immunostaining was more frequently observed in intestinal-type than diffuse-type gastric cancers and was associated with MYC mRNA expression. In vitro studies showed that increased MYC and reduced FBXW7 expression is associated with a more invasive phenotype in gastric cancer cell lines. This result encouraged us to investigate the activity of the gelatinases MMP-2 and MMP-9 in both cell lines. Both gelatinases are synthesized predominantly by stromal cells rather than cancer cells, and it has been proposed that both contribute to cancer progression. We observed a significant increase in MMP-9 activity in ACP02 compared with ACP03 cells. These results confirmed that ACP02 cells have greater invasion capability than ACP03 cells. Conclusion In conclusion, FBXW7 and MYC mRNA may play a role in aggressive biologic behavior of gastric cancer cells and may be a useful indicator of poor prognosis. Furthermore, MYC is a candidate target for new therapies against gastric cancer.

MYC, FBXW7 and TP53 copy number variation and expression in gastric cancer

BACKGROUND: MYC deregulation is a common event in gastric carcinogenesis, usually as a consequence of gene amplification, chromosomal translocations, or posttranslational mechanisms. FBXW7 is a p53-controlled tumor-suppressor that plays a role in the regulation of cell cycle exit and reentry via MYC degradation. METHODS: We evaluated MYC, FBXW7, and TP53 copy number, mRNA levels, and protein expression in gastric cancer and paired non-neoplastic specimens from 33 patients and also in gastric adenocarcinoma cell lines. We also determined the invasion potential of the gastric cancer cell lines. RESULTS: MYC amplification was observed in 51.5% of gastric tumor samples. Deletion of one copy of FBXW7 and TP53 was observed in 45.5% and 21.2% of gastric tumors, respectively. MYC mRNA expression was significantly higher in tumors than in non-neoplastic samples. FBXW7 and TP53 mRNA expression was markedly lower in tumors than in paired non-neoplastic specimens. Moreover, deregulated MYC and FBXW7 mRNA expression was associated with the presence of lymph node metastasis and tumor stage III-IV. Additionally, MYC immunostaining was more frequently observed in intestinal-type than diffuse-type gastric cancers and was associated with MYC mRNA expression. In vitro studies showed that increased MYC and reduced FBXW7 expression is associated with a more invasive phenotype in gastric cancer cell lines. This result encouraged us to investigate the activity of the gelatinases MMP-2 and MMP-9 in both cell lines. Both gelatinases are synthesized predominantly by stromal cells rather than cancer cells, and it has been proposed that both contribute to cancer progression. We observed a significant increase in MMP-9 activity in ACP02 compared with ACP03 cells. These results confirmed that ACP02 cells have greater invasion capability than ACP03 cells. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, FBXW7 and MYC mRNA may play a role in aggressive biologic behavior of gastric cancer cells and may be a useful indicator of poor prognosis. Furthermore, MYC is a candidate target for new therapies against gastric cancer.

MVP expression in the prediction of clinical outcome of locally advanced oral squamous cell carcinoma patients treated with radiotherapy

[EN] Objective: To explore the role of Major Vault Protein (MVP) in oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma patients. Subjects and Methods: 131 consecutive patients suffering from oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma were included in the study. In the whole series, the mean follow-up for survivors was 123.11 ± 40.36 months. Patients in tumour stages I and II were referred to surgery; patients in stage III-IV to postoperative radiotherapy (mean dose = 62.13 ± 7.74 Gy in 1.8–2 Gy/fraction). MVP expression was studied by immunohistochemistry in paraffin-embedded tumour tissue. Results: MVP expression was positive in 112 patients (85.5%) and no relation was found with clinic pathological variables. MVP overexpression (those tumours with moderate or strong expression of the protein) was related to insulin-like growth factor receptor-1 (IGF-1R) expression (P = 0.014). Tumour stage of the disease was the most important prognostic factor related to survival. Tumours overexpressing MVP and IGF-1R were strongly related to poor disease-free survival (P = 0.008, Exp(B) = 2.730, CI95% (1.302-5.724)) and cause-specific survival (P = 0.014, Exp(B) = 2.570, CI95% (1.215-5.437)) in patients achieving tumour stages III-IV, in multivariate analysis. Conclusions: MVP and IGF-1R expression were related in oral squamous cell carcinoma and conferred reduced long-term survival in patients suffering from advanced stages of the disease.

Gli effetti della terapia di resincronizzazione cardiaca in pazienti con fibrillazione atriale permanente sulla sopravvivenza a lungo-termine: l'importanza dell'ablazione del nodo atrio-ventricolare

La terapia di resincronizzazione cardiaca (TRC) è un presidio non farmacologico che riduce la mortalità e la morbosità nei pazienti con scompenso refrattario alla terapia medica. La maggior parte dei dati riguardanti gli effetti della TRC coinvolgono i pazienti con le indicazioni consolidate seguenti: classe NYHA III-IV, ritardo della conduzione ventricolare (QRS>opp= 20 msec), disfunzione sistolica ventricolare sinistra (frazione di eiezione ventricolare sinistra >opp= 35%) e ritmo sinusale (RS). Mentre è noto che la fibrillazione atriale permanente (FA) sia presente in una porzione consistente dei pazienti con scompenso cardiaco, vi sono pochi dati riguardanti la sopravvivenza e gli effetti a lungo-termine della TRC in pazienti con scompenso cardiaco e fibrillazione atriale (FA); la maggior parte degli studi sono osservazionali ed hanno dimostrato che la TRC potrebbe conferire dei benefici a corto e medio termine anche in pazienti con FA permanente. Solo recentemente un ampio studio osservazionale ha descritto che, a lungo-termine, la TRC migliora significativamente la capacità funzionale, la frazione di eiezione e induce il rimodellamento inverso del ventricolo sinistro solamente in quei pazienti con FA dove la TRC viene combinata con l’ablazione del nodo atrio-ventricolare (NAV). La strategia ablativa del NAV infatti conferendo una stimolazione completa e costante, permette di eliminare gli effetti del ritmo spontaneo di FA (ritmo irregolare e tendenzialmente tachicardico) cheinterferisce in maniera importante con la stimolazione biventricolare in particolare durante gli sforzi fisici. Sulla base di queste premesse il presente studio si propone di valutare gli effetti a lungo-termine della TRC su pazienti con scompenso cardiaco e FA permanente focalizzando su due aspetti principali: 1) confrontando la sopravvivenza di pazienti con FA permanente rispetto ai pazienti in RS; 2) confrontando la sopravvivenza di pazienti in FA suddivisi secondo la modalità di controllo della frequenza con somministrazione di farmaci antiaritmici (gruppo FA-farm) oppure mediante controllo ablazione del NAV (gruppo FA-abl). Metodi e risultati: Sono presentati i dati di 1303 pazienti sottoposti consecutivamente ad impianto di dispositivo per la TRC e seguiti per un periodo mediano di 24 mesi. Diciotto pazienti sono stati persi durante il follow-up per cui la popolazione dello studio è rappresentata da una popolazione totale di 1295 pazienti di cui 1042 in RS e 243 (19%) in FA permanente. Nei pazienti con FA il controllo della frequenza cardiaca è stato effettuato mediante la somministrazione di farmaci anti-aritmici (gruppo FA-farm: 125 pazienti) oppure mediante ablazione del NAV (FA-abl: 118 pazienti). Rispetto ai pazienti in RS, i pazienti in FA permanente erano significativamente più vecchi, più spesso presentavano eziologia nonischemica, avevano una frazione di eiezione più elevata al preimpianto, una durata del QRS minore e erano più raramente trattati con un defibrillatore. Lungo un follow-up mediano di 24 mesi, 170/1042 pazienti in RS e 39/243 in FA sono deceduti (l’incidenza di mortalità a 1 anno era di 8,4% e 8,9%, rispettivamente). I rapporti di rischio derivanti dall’analisi multivariata con il 95% dell’intervallo di confidenza (HR, 95% CI) erano simili sia per la morte per tutte le cause che per la morte cardiaca (0.9 [0.57-1.42], p=0.64 e 1.00 [0.60-1.66] p=0.99, rispettivamente). Fra i pazienti con FA, il gruppo FA-abl presentava una durata media del QRS minore ed era meno frequentemente trattato con il defibrillatore impiantabile rispetto al gruppo FA-farm. Soli 11/118 pazienti del FA-abl sono deceduti rispetto a 28/125 nel gruppo FA-farm (mortalità cumulativa a 1 anno di 9,3% e 15,2% rispettivamente, p<0.001), con HR, 95% CI per FA-abl vs FA-farm di 0.15 [0.05-0.43],,p<0.001 per la mortalità per tutte le cause, di 0.18 [0.06-0.57], p=0.004 per la mortalità cardiaca, e di 0.09 [0.02-0.42], p<0.002 per la mortalità da scompenso cardiaco. Conclusioni: I pazienti con scompenso cardiaco e FA permanente trattati con la TRC presentano una simile sopravvivenza a lungo-termine di pazienti in RS. Nei pazienti in FA l’ablazione del NAV in aggiunta alla TRC migliora significativamente la sopravvivenza rispetto alla sola TRC; questo effetto è ottenuto primariamente attraverso una riduzione della morte per scompenso cardiaco.