Investigação em 20 anos (1990-2009) da doença trofoblástica gestacional em um Centro de Referência da Região Sudeste do Brasil

Pós-graduação em Ginecologia, Obstetrícia e Mastologia - FMB

Ensino da reanimação neonatal para parteiras tradicionais - do aprendizado à prática nas Regiões Norte e Nordeste do Brasil

Pós-graduação em Ginecologia, Obstetrícia e Mastologia - FMB

Fatores intervenientes no comportamento de vacas e bezerros do parto até a primeira mamada

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Desempenho reprodutivo de ovelhas mestiças da raça Santa Inês em Brachiaria humidícula e efeito do sexo no ganho de peso de cordeiros

The purpose was to evaluate the reproductive performance of woolless ewes due to the feeding management of offsprings and weaning age in addition to measuring the effect of gender on weight gain of lambs. Sixty-four Santa Inês crossbred ewes were distributed in a completely randomized design in a factorial 4 x 2 x 2 - four weaning ages (56, 70, 84 and 98 days), sex and feeding management of the offspring, each treatment with four replications. The ewes were managed with the offsprings at the foot in 14 paddocks of 1,5 or 2,0 hectares, formed with Brachiaria humidícola. The offsprings were born by single birth, of Santa Inês pure of origin (PO). After the weaning of all groups, sixty-four lambs (32 males and 32 females) were randomly assigned in individual stalls and confined for 30 days. The comparison of the parameters was carried out by the adjustment of the simple linear regression model. It was verified over time addiction of the offspring feed management of + 3,7% (P<0,05) for the calving intervals and of + 1,4% (P<0,05) for the service period. There was increasing linear effect (P<0,05) of weaning age on calving intervals and service period. It was verified over time, addiction of the offspring sex of + 2,0% (P<0,05) for the calving intervals and + 0,8% (P<0,05) for the ewes service period. It was observed over time addiction of sex of + 35,2% and + 36,9% (P<0,05), respectively, for the daily weight gain of lambs from birth to weaning and post-weaning in feedlot. The supplementation of the offspring in private feeder and the anticipation of the weaning age reduce the calving intervals and the service period of woolless ewes in Brachiaria humidicula pasture. The offspring sex is the source of variation in the analysis of reproductive efficiency of ewe's mat rices and in the weight gain of Santa Inês crossbred lambs from birth to weaning, and after weaning.

Efeito do flushing sobre o desempenho reprodutivo de ovelhas Morada Nova e Santa Inês submetidas à inseminação artificial em tempo fixo

The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of flushing on the reproductive performance of Morada Nova (MN) and Santa Inês (SI) ewes submitted to fixed time artificial insemination (TAI). Twenty seven SI and 24 MN supplemented with concentrate (1% of live weight, on average), for 75 days during the breeding season. After 30 days of supplementation, ewes were synchronized with the aid of a hormonal protocol (HP) based on progesterone, eCG and cloprostenol. The estrus observation was conducted at 12, 24, 36 and 48 h after the end of HP with the aid of two ruffians. TAI was done 55 h after the end of HP. From 20 to 45 days after the beginning of the HP ewes were exposed to rams (natural breeding). The pregnancy diagnosis was evaluated 70 days after TAI. We analyzed the weight, body condition score, estrus rate, pregnancy rate and prolificacy testing the effects of race, week of supplementation and body condition score class. The weight and body conditions of ewes varied according to the week of supplementation, with higher values in the first two weeks following TAI. The estrus rate was 88.2% and 43.2% of the ewes showed estrus up to 24 hours of the end of the HP. The pregnancy rate per TAI was 31.3% and the pregnancy rate after natural breeding was 50.0%. It was observed that body condition score classes interfered in pregnancy rates. There was a higher percentage of multiple births by pregnancy by TAI than by natural breeding. It was concluded that the flushing resulted in weight gain and better body conditions ensuring the standardization of the herd for breeding season, which therefore improved reproductive performance. The HP used advanced the onset of estrus and increased prolificacy, but was inefficient in the synchronization of woolless sheep.

Influence of parity on concentrations of enzymes, proteins, and minerals in the milk of cows

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Hemograma e proteínas de fase aguda de bezerros sadios do nascimento aos 30 dias de idade

O conhecimento da dinâmica das alterações nos parâmetros hematológicos e na cinética das proteínas de fase aguda em animais saudáveis nas primeiras semanas de vida é essencial para a interpretação correta dessas avaliações em situações de morbidez e para diferenciar animais sadios e enfermos de forma confiável. Com o intuito de avaliar a cinética desses parâmetros no primeiro mês de vida de bezerros de corte sadios, filhos de vacas primíparas ou pluríparas, amostras de sangue foram coletadas antes da ingestão de colostro e 1, 2, 7, 15 e 30 dias após o nascimento. Os parâmetros eritrocitários foram influenciados pelo número de partos das vacas e o leucograma mostrou alterações características de influência do cortisol fetal liberado por ocasião do nascimento. O teor sérico de proteína total aumentou significativamente após a ingestão do colostro. As concentrações de ceruloplasmina, haptoglobina e proteínas de pesos moleculares 33 kDa e 23 kDa aumentaram significativamente no primeiro dia de vida, seja pela resposta ao nascimento ou pela ingestão do colostro, enquanto os teores de transferrina, albumina e α1-glicoproteína ácida mantiveram-se relativamente estáveis nos primeiros dias de vida, aumentando gradualmente até os 30 dias de idade.

Efeito da desmama precoce na eficiência reprodutiva de vacas Guzerá

The early weaning method is an alternative to increase the body weight of calves, since it is based on the total or temporary interruption of suckling by animals, in an attempt to faster develop the rumen of those receiving milk ad libitum. Thus, this study was conducted in Selvíria, Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil, in order to evaluate the weight gain of calves subjected to two weaning methods (conventional, i.e., calves were kept with cows, and controlled, where calves had access to suckling for one hour per day), as well as body condition and pregnancy rate of Guzerá primiparous and multiparous cows. Once a month, the animals were weighed, in order to measure their weight gain. At the birth and definite weaning of calves, the cows had their body condition evaluated, as well as their pregnancy rate, at the end of weaning. It was found that the controlled weaning method showed no significant difference, however, it becomes feasible in the beef cattle chain, since it can reduce the delivering intervals, due to the improved body condition of cows, especially in times of drought, when there is low food availability. An increase in the weight of calves at weaning was also observed for primiparous cows.

Avaliação da longevidade de vacas da raça Nelore por diferentes critérios utilizando análise de sobrevivência

Pós-graduação em Genética e Melhoramento Animal - FCAV

Aplicação materna de glicocorticoide nos parâmetros vitais de cordeiros nascidos a termo e prematuros

The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of glucocorticoids on vital parameters of full-term and preterm lambs from birth to 48 hours of life. Four experimental groups were formed: NDG (normal delivery group - lambs vaginally delivered, n=15, average of 146-day gestation); NDEXG (normal delivery with dexamethasone group - lambs vaginally delivered whose mothers received 16mg of dexamethasone at 141 days of gestation, n=8, average of 143-day gestation); PRE (premature lambs born by cesarean section at 138 days of gestation, n=10) and PREDEX (premature lambs born by cesarean section at 138 days gestation, whose mothers received 16mg of dexamethasone two days before, n=9). Heart and respiratory rates had variations during the observation period, with the highest mean values in the groups of normal deliveries (NDG and NDEXG). Rectal temperature decreased in all groups in the first 60 minutes of life, with the lowest mean values in premature lambs (PRE and PREDEX) and the Apgar score was higher in animals delivered at normal gestational time. Preterm lambs had lower vitality and chance of survival, however, lower mortality rate was observed in offspring of ewes that received dexamethasone two days before surgery.

Estimativas de parâmetros genéticos para características de habilidade materna e reprodutivas em fêmeas da raça Santa Inês

Pós-graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia Animal - FEIS

Análise de pedigree e estimativas de parâmetros genéticos para características de importância econômica em bovinos Tabapuã

Pós-graduação em Genética e Melhoramento Animal - FCAV

Perfil materno e dos recém-nascidos nascidos vivos na primeira década do século XXI em município do interior paulista com ênfase na prematuridade

The concern with infant mortality has been a priority in public policies, especially for Brazil to achieve the Millennium Development Goal number four: reducing child mortality by 75% by the year 2015. It is known that prematurity has an intimate relationship with mortality of children under one year and therefore it is necessary an effective intervention in risk factors linked to premature births. To evaluate the profile of mothers and newborn babies living in Botucatu-SP, in the period 2001 to 2009, focusing on prematurity. A quantitative study, retrospective, descriptive, epidemiological, from the Information System Newborn Alive. The prevalence of preterm births was 15.1%, and low birth weight 14.7%. Among infants, the Apgar score below 7 at 1 and at 5 minutes was 13.1% and 2.4% respectively. Considering the total of pregnant women studied, 20.3% were adolescents and 10.3% were aged 35 years or more and most (63.2%) had eight or more years of school approval. The profile of mothers of premature infants shows that 23.6% were teenagers, 14.1% had at least 35 years and 60.4% had at least primary education. With regard to premature deliveries, caesarean sections and 58.4% were between the total newborns, this type of delivery was achieved in 46.6% of cases. Prematurity was associated with an Apgar score below seven in the first and fifth minutes of life, presence of malformation and multiple pregnancy. Among maternal variables, prematurity was associated with extremes of maternal age, maternal education, history of stillbirth, primiparas, white and presence of the mother's partner. With regard to delivery was associated with cesarean section and outside the hospital. This study assessed maternal characteristics associated with prematurity and point out how relevant the pregnancies at the extremes of age and those that occur in women with low education level, indicating the interference... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Hospital da mulher

Projeto arquitetônico que consiste na construção de um novo Hospital da Mulher em São José do Rio Preto – SP, que foi o primeiro hospital exclusivo para o público feminino da cidade e da região. A ideia era trabalhar apenas com cirurgias limpas ou potencialmente não contaminadas (como cirurgias vasculares, obstétricas, ginecológicas e plásticas), ou seja, com menores riscos de infecção (muito importante principalmente no caso de partos prematuros e do cada vez mais alto percentual de bebês que morrem por causa de infecções hospitalares). Um dos diferenciais do hospital era oferecer ambientes que lembravam uma casa de repouso e instalações hoteleiras, descaracterizando-o de um hospital comum. O investimento em instalações fazia parte do incentivo ao “turismo de saúde” da cidade, que atraia diariamente pacientes de vários municípios e Estados do País. Atualmente o local do antigo hospital é ocupado por uma clínica privada, sendo necessária a construção de um novo prédio, que viria de encontro aos anseios da cidade que, por possuir a Faculdade de Medicina de Rio Preto (FAMERP), vinculada à UNICAMP, ser um pólo regional de saúde com referências à nível nacional teria potencial para abranger uma grande demanda de pacientes diferenciados

Perfil epidemiológico de parturientes submetidas à cesariana na maternidade de um hospital escola de Botucatu-SP

During the pregnancy process, the maternal organism commonly undergoes changes. Such changes follow the normal course of pregnancy; however, some maternal or fetal factors can interfere with pregnancy and adversely affect its outcomes, thus triggering what is referred to as high-risk pregnancy, which is responsible for increasing maternal, fetal or newborns’ morbimortality rates1,2. One of the obstetric alternatives for a safe resolution of this pregnancy type is the caesarean section. Nevertheless, an expressive increase in the number of caesarean sections has been observed worldwide, and they are, many times, unnecessarily indicated8. The world Health Organization (WHO) recommends that the total number of caesarean sections in relation to the total number of deliveries performed at health service should be a maximum of 15% 11, a limit that is easily surpassed in various services. To outline the epidemiological profile of pregnant women submitted to caesarean sections at a reference health care service in the city of Botucatu-SP. This is a cross-sectional, retrospective, exploratory, descriptive, quantitative study. The target population consisted of one hundred pregnant women assisted in this institution, who had been submitted to caesarean sections in 2010 and were randomly selected to compose the sample. In the analyzed period, there were 1,189 deliveries, of which 601 (50.5%) were natural deliveries, 588 (49.4%) were caesarean sections. As regards maternal age, 76% were in the age range of 19 to 36 years. A high percentage of patients (27%) had not completed elementary education and did not have a paid job; 67% were homemakers. Most of the participants were married (56%); 34% of the women were primiparas, but 19% were in their fourth or more pregnancies. Concerning prenatal care, little was found, since many of them had consultations out of the institution which were not recorded... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)