Impact of a value chain approach on the sustainability of solid waste management in Mukuru Kwa njenga informal settlements Nairobi, Kenya

En un mundo altamente urbanizado, la gestión de residuos sólidos es un problema primordial en toda ciudad. Las ciudades de paises en desarrollo deben además afrontar retos que no afectan a las ciudades de paises desarrollados. En los paises en desarrollo muchas municipalidades sufren un crecimiento descontrolado de los asentamientos informales sin planificación urbana que hace muy complicada una adecuada gestión de los residuos sólidos urbanos, situación que se agrava al no contar estas con suficientes recursos económicos para llevar a cabo su responsabilidad en cuanto a provisión del sevicio básico de recogida de residuos. La provisión de servicio de recogida de residuos por parte de SHGs (grupos de ayuda comunitarios) en estos asentamientos informales puede ayudar a resolver algunos de estos problemas. Para que esta oportunidad sea completamente explotada, los ingresos de estos grupos deben ser garantizados, teniendo en cuenta que la sostenibilidad de estos grupos depende enteramente de ello. Este estudio pretende averiguar cómo un enfoque de cadena de valor puede mejorar la sostenibilidad de la gestión de residuos sólidos, permitiendo asegurar los ingresos de los recolectores informales de residuos. El estudio propondrá después de analizado el actual sistema, mejoras que permitan desarrollar un medio ambiente saludable en los asentamientos informales donde se desarrolla el estudio. Para alcanzar este objetivo, se ha desarrollado una investigación específica en Nairobi (Kenia) en el asentamiento precario de Mukuru Kwa Njenga, analizando los distintos aspectos relevantes que tienen influencia en una gestión integrada de residuos sólidos y las relaciones entre los distintos actores que tienen influencia en la misma.

A Community Analysis of the Implementation for Household Curbside Recycling Programs: A Diversionary Method to Control Municipal Solid Waste

The Municipality of Anchorage (MOA) is required to better manage, operate and control municipal solid waste (MSW) after the Anchorage Assembly instituted a Zero Waste Policy. Two household curbside recycling programs (CRPs), pay-as-you-throw (PAYT) and single-stream, were compared and evaluated to determine an optimal municipal solid waste diversion method for households within the MOA. The analyses find: (1) a CRP must be designed from comprehensive analysis, models and data correlation that combine demographic and psychographic variables; and (2) CRPs can be easily adjusted towards community-specific goals using technology, such as Geographic Information System (GIS) and Radio Frequency Identification (RFID). Combining resources of policy-makers, businesses, and other viable actors are necessary components to produce a sustainable, economically viable curbside recycling program.

The Identification of Best Management Practices in a Materials Recovery Facility to Increase Solid Waste Diversion in the Department of Defense (DoD) Installations along the Front Range of Colorado to Satisfy the DoD Solid Waste Diversion Goal of 40 Percent

The five installations operated by the Department of Defense (DoD) in the Front Range region of Colorado do not meet the DoD non-hazardous solid waste diversion goal of 40 percent, further impacting landfills and generating greenhouse gases. This applied capstone project identifies and evaluates best management practices of a Materials Recovery Facility (MRF), qualitatively and quantitatively, to increase solid waste diversion at a DoD MRF. An environmental benefits model quantified the externalities of increasing solid waste diversion at the installations. By implementing best management practices at a MRF, the DoD would divert an additional 1,400 tons of solid waste per year, resulting in the equivalent of 1,502,567 gallons of gasoline being saved, among many benefits presented in this capstone.

Chemical characterization of emissions from a municipal solid waste treatment plant

Gaseous emissions are an important problem in municipal solid waste (MSW) treatment plants. The sources points of emissions considered in the present work are: fresh compost, mature compost, landfill leaks and leachate ponds. Hydrogen sulphide, ammonia and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were analysed in the emissions from these sources. Hydrogen sulphide and ammonia were important contributors to the total emission volume. Landfill leaks are significant source points of emissions of H2S; the average concentration of H2S in biogas from the landfill leaks is around 1700 ppmv. The fresh composting site was also an important contributor of H2S to the total emission volume; its concentration varied between 3.2 and 1.7 ppmv and a decrease with time was observed. The mature composting site showed a reduction of H2S concentration (<0.1 ppmv). Leachate pond showed a low concentration of H2S (in order of ppbv). Regarding NH3, composting sites and landfill leaks are notable source points of emissions (composting sites varied around 30–600 ppmv; biogas from landfill leaks varied from 160 to 640 ppmv). Regarding VOCs, the main compounds were: limonene, p-cymene, pinene, cyclohexane, reaching concentrations around 0.2–4.3 ppmv. H2S/NH3, limonene/p-cymene, limonene/cyclohexane ratios can be useful for analysing and identifying the emission sources.

Forecasts of the quantity and composition of solid waste /

"Contract no. 68-03-2649."

Federal interagency energy-environment R & D program /

Mode of access: Internet.

Analysis of airborne viable bacteria at solid waste processing facilities /

Mode of access: Internet.

Decomposition of residential and light commercial solid waste in test lysimeters /

"Contract number 68-03-0315."

Leachate damage assessment : case study of the Fox Valley Solid Waste Disposal Site in Aurora, Illinois /

Item 431-I-7

Leachate damage assessment : case study of the Peoples Avenue Solid Waste Disposal Site in Rockford, Illinois /

Item 431-I-7

Recovery of landfill gas at Mountain View : engineering site study : a current report on solid waste management /

Mode of access: Internet.

Procedures manual for ground water monitoring at solid waste disposal facilities.

Mode of access: Internet.

Decision-makers guide in solid waste management /

1st ed. prepared under the direction of R. A. Colonna and C. McLaren.