Performance and intestinal mucosa development of broiler chickens fed diets containing Saccharomyces cerevisiae cell wall

Use of antibiotics as an additive in poultry diets to improve growth has been discussed in relation to bacterial resistance and the development of new products and management practices. This study was carried out to test the efficacy of a new substance (Saccharomyces cereviside cell walls, var. Calsberg- SCCW) obtained from the brewery industry, added (at 0.1 and 0.2%) to broiler chicken diets (based on corn and soybean meal), on performance and intestinal mucosa development. In Experiment 1 (carried out in litter-floor pens) the results revealed higher body weight gain,for the total experimental period and higher villus height at 7 d of age for the birds fed 0.2%,SCCW. In a field test using 44,000 broilers that,received feed containing 0.2% SCCW,. The results also showed higher body weight gain and better feed conversion for SCCW-supplemented birds. The present findings show that SCCW improved body weight gain in broiler chickens and that this effect can be attributed to the trophic effect of this product on the intestinal mucosa, because it increases villus height, particularly during the first 7. d of a chicken's life.

Busca heurística através de algoritmo genético e memético com construção de vocábulos para o problema de atribuição de localidades a anéis Sonet

Telecommunications play a key role in contemporary society. However, as new technologies are put into the market, it also grows the demanding for new products and services that depend on the offered infrastructure, making the problems of planning telecommunications networks, despite the advances in technology, increasingly larger and complex. However, many of these problems can be formulated as models of combinatorial optimization, and the use of heuristic algorithms can help solving these issues in the planning phase. In this project it was developed two pure metaheuristic implementations Genetic algorithm (GA) and Memetic Algorithm (MA) plus a third hybrid implementation Memetic Algorithm with Vocabulary Building (MA+VB) for a problem in telecommunications that is known in the literature as Problem SONET Ring Assignment Problem or SRAP. The SRAP arises during the planning stage of the physical network and it consists in the selection of connections between a number of locations (customers) in order to meet a series of restrictions on the lowest possible cost. This problem is NP-hard, so efficient exact algorithms (in polynomial complexity ) are not known and may, indeed, even exist

Análise antropotecnológica do desenvolvimento de novos produtos na produção artesanal : caso das rendeiras de bilro da Vila de Ponta Negra em Natal, RN

Brazilian craft production plays an important role in the generation of employment and income for many families in every state across Brazil. In Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil, among many types found, identifies itself with the production of bobbin-lace, still practiced in Ponta Negra Village for ancient craftswomens of city that try to preserve the art and tradition of bobbin-lace. This work presents the results of an analysis conducted based in concepts of anthropotechnology, on the effects of a design workshop held with bobbin-lace craftswomen in the village of Ponta Negra in July of 2006. The workshop was intended to propose a new concept of products and a new alternative for production in the activity of the craftswomen, on the premise that the laces could be used as a detail inserted into other industrial products such as shirts, bags, towels, etc. Evaluations after the workshop showed that none of the artisans continued to work, indicating that actions focused solely on products did not generate representative results in the production of bobbin-lace. Evaluations also indicated that knowledge about the artisan's personal and professional characteristics, organization, pace, workload, and cultural and historical issues that permeate the activity are essential to the success of technology transfer, particularly when the transfer affects the craft production as it relates to the inseparable aspects of the craftswomen's work and lifestyle

Algoritmo evolutivo paralelo para o problema de atribuição de localidades a anéis em redes sonet/sdh

The telecommunications play a fundamental role in the contemporary society, having as one of its main roles to give people the possibility to connect them and integrate them into society in which they operate and, therewith, accelerate development through knowledge. But as new technologies are introduced on the market, increases the demand for new products and services that depend on the infrastructure offered, making the problems of planning of telecommunication networks become increasingly large and complex. Many of these problems, however, can be formulated as combinatorial optimization models, and the use of heuristic algorithms can help solve these issues in the planning phase. This paper proposes the development of a Parallel Evolutionary Algorithm to be applied to telecommunications problem known in the literature as SONET Ring Assignment Problem SRAP. This problem is the class NP-hard and arises during the physical planning of a telecommunication network and consists of determining the connections between locations (customers), satisfying a series of constrains of the lowest possible cost. Experimental results illustrate the effectiveness of the Evolutionary Algorithm parallel, over other methods, to obtain solutions that are either optimal or very close to it

Fatores de sucesso no desenvolvimento de novos produtos em pequenas empresas: um estudo de caso em um fabricante de equipamentos para gás natural veicular

This study presents itself as a contribution to the solidification of the Natural Gas industry, within the scope of the development of new products. The goal of this paper is to analyze the factors that lead to the success of new products through the evaluation of the activities done during the process of development of these products in the Natural Gas sector. To achieve this goal a case study was done in a small company of this segment. At first, as a basis for the study, a bibliographical research was done with books, theses, dissertations, monographies, publications in national and international periodicals, congress annals and publications in the internet related to the subject. Afterwards, a case study was done, aiming at the acquisition of further knowledge about the real process of development of products in a small company of the Natural Gas sector, allowing for the performance of the evaluation. The case study was done at Gas Project and Systems do Brasil, a company that works with the development of electronic equipment to the conversion of car engines to natural gas, through direct observations and interviews with the person responsible for the development and management of products. Through the evaluation of the process it was observed that the activities related to it are done in an informal way and some activities are considered unnecessary for their success. The results also suggest an emphasis in the technological activities, something that was not observed in the activities related to the market. The instruments used in this evaluation prove to be efficient to evaluate the process of development of new products in other companies, including those of different areas. Taking into account the relevance of the studied theme to the strengthening of the Natural Gas industry, it is necessary to do further complementary studies

CREATION: técnica de criatividade para geração de ideias de novos produtos

Creativity is a skill found in all individuals and one of the strategies used to intensify it is through the application of creativity techniques. In order to propose a new technique for generating new crafts product ideas, this dissertation, which is part of a research project of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, through action research, intervened in three state communities artisans - Lajes Pintada, Massaranduba and Vera Cruz - to develop the artisans creative potential. Based on the techniques studied in the literature, we selected three techniques for interventions, composing two dynamics - one to improve features and functionalities of existing products, with the technique of SCAMPER; and the other to generate ideas for creating new products, with techniques Listing and Random Words / Figures. These latter techniques were not satisfactory in its objective by presenting constraints, not covered in the description, for the participant group. Thus, it was necessary to propose a new technique for the same purpose, the technique CREATION Clarify technique, Realized creativity, Explain, Apply for word, Think fast, Interpret, Organize ideas, Now evaluate, composed of twelve steps. To use the new technique requires that it be used by a dynamic that takes into account three phases: Planning, Application and Analysis. In the new technique application were generated around 30 ideas, regarded as new, in six sessions, from test pilot to interventions in artisans communities

Potencialidades de Veículos Microemulsionados para Fotoprotetores Físicos

The human solar exposition at UVA and UVB radiation is a subject strongly studied in the pharmaceutical and dermocosmetical field. The dermal protection became, therefore, a main subject of study because of its importance on the health of cutaneous tissue. This review deals with such problem. First, the theoretical aspects related with solar irradiation will be discussed. Then, the technological approach about the development of sunscreen products is mentioned. Finally, the viability of microemulsified systems as carriers for sunscreen agents is studied. After a discussion about the theoretical potentialities of such systems, its applicability as nano-carriers for dermocosmetic products is briefly pointed out. Concluding, an approach about the perspectives of such new products is made, revealing their potentialities in the market of sunscreen products.

Treatment of venous ulcers with surgical adhesives derived from snake venom

A Brazilian dictionary states that "ulcer", from the Latin word ulcuserise, is a superficial lesion on skin or mucous membrane characterized by an inflammatory process and loss of tissue. Ulcers are a relatively frequent problem that may be worsen by infection or long-time duration. In these cases, they can represent a serious public health issue, since the increased case number contributes to the burden on the public health service. In recent decades, wound treatment has advanced in technological and scientific aspects regarding both development of new products and techniques. Ongoing research in this area is providing new products for wound treatment. Among newly tested substances that have presented successful results is fibrin glue, a snake venom derivative that promotes reduction of infection and edema as well as bleeding control and pain decrease. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate fibrin glue effects on ulcers of venous origin in 24 patients that were divided into two groups. The first one (G1) consisted of 11 patients treated without the adhesive while the second group (G2) was composed of 13 persons who were under therapy with the adhesive. The results of this study revealed that patients treated with fibrin glue evolved to a satisfactory healing when compared to the other group. Therefore, fibrin glue is an appropriate alternative for treating leg ulcers with several advantages: easy application, less pain, early hospital discharge, not transmiting diseases, lower cost than the adhesive currently available in Brazil and, finally, it is a Brazilian technology.

Nível de maturidade e comparação dos PDPs de produtos automotivos

O desenvolvimento de novos produtos, que atendam às necessidades do mercado consumidor, é atividade estratégica para sustentabilidade das organizações. O objetivo deste artigo é comparar e avaliar o nível de maturidade desses processos em duas montadoras de veículos instaladas na região Sul Fluminense do País. São discutidas algumas características dos processos, expõe-se o modelo de avaliação, baseado nos critérios do CMMI (Capability Maturity Model Integration), e são apresentados os resultados de pesquisa que investigou o nível de maturidade junto a 47 representantes das empresas estudadas. Como resultado, foi possível identificar lacunas na estruturação dos PDP's, com diversas práticas e ferramentas usadas de forma isolada e não integradas, havendo campo suficiente - no entendimento dos próprios executivos - para serem aprimorados e refinados, o que permitiria torná-los mais completos, abrangentes e potentes para alavancar os resultados de mercado e financeiros das próprias organizações.

An integrated approach to identification and conservation of medicinal plants in the tropical forest - A Brazilian experience

An integrated and interdisciplinary research programme with native medicinal plants from tropical forests has been performed in order to obtain new forest products for sustainable use in regional markets vis-à-vis ecosystem conservation. For the success of this programme ethnopharmacological studies are very important with respect to (i) identification of useful plants including medicinal and aromatic species; (ii) recuperation and preservation of traditional knowledge about native plants; and (iii) identification of potential plants with economic value. The plants are selected with a view to evaluate efficacy and safety (pharmacological and toxicological studies), and phytochemical profile and quality control (phytochemical and chromatographic characterization). These studies are very important to add value to plant products and also to mitigate unscrupulous exploitation of medicinal plants by local communities, since multiple use of plants represents an excellent strategy for sustaining the tropical ecosystem through ex situ and in situ conservation. Thus, conservation of tropical resources is possible in conjunction with improvements in the quality of life of the traditional communities and production of new products with therapeutic, cosmetic and 'cosmeceutic' value. © NIAB 2005.

Protocolo para ensaios físico-químicos de estabilidade de fitocosméticos

The growing demand for stable, safe and effective cosmetics has required increasingly complex studies by the scientific community and the use of more efficient techniques to determine the stability of these products. The use of active principles from the Brazilian flora has led to the development of numerous products, in the most varied pharmaceutical forms, making it, even more difficult to standardize experimental protocols to certify the stability of cosmetic preparations. While in Brazil there is no one protocol that standardizes the tests that should be carried out to determine product stability, several studies have been conducted in academic laboratories to determine the stability of specific raw materials. The rheological properties of topical use products have to be taken into account in their manufacture, storage and application. The determination of the rheological behavior of a formulation helps in evaluating the physicochemical nature of the vehicle, allowing early signs of physical instability to be detected and thus enabling quality control of the constituents, test formulations and final products. Thermal analysis has also been used to assist in the study of cosmetic stability and differential scanning calorimetry to guide the development of new products. Other tools, such as fluorimetry and laser granulometry can be used to help the study and development of both emulsified and non-emulsified systems. The aim of the present study is to develop a protocol for the investigation of the physical and chemical stability of phytocosmetics - systems containing active compounds extracted from the Brazilian biodiversity.

Multimedia selection: Allowing educators to act critically and independently

In Brazil, important portals like the Portal do Professor, or Teacher's Portal, from the Ministry of Education, offer multimedia products like audios, videos, games, animations, simulations and others with an accompanying teacher's guide. These guides in general suggest ways to prepare the students to use the products while offering indications on how to practice that knowledge after using the products in the classrooom. Despite this, portals with huge repositories that receive new products every week don't present to teachers a solution for a problem: How to select the appropriate products to use in the classroom and how to assess their use after teaching in order to check if the learning was meaningful? In this way, this paper discusses multimedia selection for meaningful learning while considering concept mapping and abstraction classification. The development of multimedia repositories has created both opportunities for easy access to digital content and areas of serious concerns since the misuse of products by teachers may lead to different problems.

The challenge of industrial competitiveness

Includes bibliography

Policies for economic diversification

Includes bibliography

Free trade agreements in Latin America since 1990: an evaluation of export diversification

Includes bibliography