Le Parlement européen et les actes délégués: De la conquête d’un pouvoir à son exercice = The European Parliament and the delegated acts: From the conquest of power to its exercise. Brugges Political Research Paper No. 34, February 2014

Résumé. Le traité de Lisbonne a procédé à une importante réforme de la comitologie, en établissant deux catégories d’instruments: les actes d’exécution et les actes délégués. Pour ces derniers, le Parlement européen a obtenu des pouvoirs importants et est pour la première fois sur un strict pied d’égalité avec le Conseil dans le système exécutif. En vertu d’une approche institutionnaliste rationnelle, cet article analyse comment le Parlement, à l’origine exclu du système, est parvenu à acquérir les pouvoirs qui sont formellement les siens aujourd’hui. Ensuite, l’action du Parlement face à ses nouveaux pouvoirs dans le cadre des actes délégués est abordée. Il s’agit d’étudier comment le Parlement défend ses prérogatives dans les relations interinstitutionnelles et agit après l’acquisition de nouvelles prérogatives. Cette analyse permet plus globalement d’aborder des aspects essentiels du fonctionnement du Parlement européen, de l’Union européenne ainsi que ses dynamiques (inter)institutionnelles.

Prdm1 acts downstream of a sequential RA, Wnt and Fgf signaling cascade during zebrafish forelimb induction

Vertebrate limb induction is triggered in the lateral plate mesoderm (LPM) by a cascade of signaling events originating in the axial mesoderm. While it is known that Fgf, Wnt and retinoic acid (RA) signals are involved in this cascade, their precise regulatory hierarchy has not been determined in any species. tbx5 is the earliest gene expressed in the limb bud mesenchyme. Recently, another transcription factor, Prdm1, has been shown to be crucial for zebrafish forelimb development. Here, we show that Prdm1 is downstream of RA, Wnt2b and Tbx5 activity. We find that RA activity, but not Fgf signaling, is necessary for wnt2b expression. Fgf signaling is required for prdm1 expression in the fin bud, but is not necessary for the initiation of tbx5 expression. We propose a model in which RA signaling from the somitic mesoderm leads to activation of wnt2b expression in the intermediate mesoderm, which then signals to the LPM to trigger tbx5 expression. tbx5 is required for Fgf signaling in the limb bud leading to activation of prdm1 expression, which in turn is required for downstream activation of fgf10 expression.

Strategy-proof choice of acts : a preliminary study

We model social choices as acts mapping states of the world to (social) outcomes. A (social choice) rule assigns an act to every profile of subjective expected utility preferences over acts. A rule is strategy-proof if no agent ever has an incentive to misrepresent her beliefs about the world or her valuation of the outcomes; it is ex-post efficient if the act selected at any given preference profile picks a Pareto-efficient outcome in every state of the world. We show that every two-agent ex-post efficient and strategy-proof rule is a top selection: the chosen act picks the most preferred outcome of some (possibly different) agent in every state of the world. The states in which an agent’s top outcome is selected cannot vary with the reported valuations of the outcomes but may change with the reported beliefs. We give a complete characterization of the ex-post efficient and strategy-proof rules in the two-agent, two-state case, and we identify a rich class of such rules in the two-agent case.

Treaties and other international acts of the United States of America,

Vol. 1 will not appear in final form until all document volumes to which it refers have been published.

Conciliation act, 1896, and Industrial courts act, 1919. Report on conciliation and arbitration including particulars of proceedings under the Conciliation act, 1896, the Coal mines (minimum wage) act, 1912, the Wages (temporary regulation) acts, 1918 and 1919, the Restoration of pre-war practices act, 1919, and the Industrial courts act, 1919 ... 1919[-1920] ...

Title varies slightly.

Phyrne : a drama in four acts and a prologue with an introduction /

Translated and edited by Democritus [i.e. F. A. Laidlaw] from the Italian of Castelvecchio [i. e. G. C. B. L. Pullè] cf. BM, v. 35, col.7; v. 50, col. 931.

Cumulative list of organizations, contributions to which are deductable under section 23 (o) and section 23 (q) of the Internal revenue code and the corresponding sections of prior revenue acts.

Mode of access: Internet.

To investigate executive agencies : hearings before the Special committee to investigate executive agencies, House of Representatives, Seventy-eighth Congress, first session : pursuant to H. Res. 102, a resolution establishing a select committee to investigate the acts of executive agencies beyond the scope of their authority.

Howard W, chairman. Smith.

Summary of major legislation, and of federal court decisions on its constitutionality, 1933-1940 : summary of major legislation, 1933-1940, with the various amendments to each basic act, and decisions of the federal courts as to the constitutionality of the basic and amending acts.

"This document was prepared by W. H. McClenon, in charge of the Federal Law Section."--p. iii.

Revised rules of the Supreme court of the United States : Adopted February 13, 1939. Effective February 27, 1939. (The Acts of February 13, 1925, c. 229, 43 Stat. 936, January 31, 1928, c. 14, 45 Stat. 54, April 26, 1928, c. 440, 45 Stat. 466, and August 24, 1937, c. 754, 50 Stat. 751, are printed in an appendix.).

Cover-title.

Analysis of H.R. 12889 : a bill to amend an act entitled "An act to establish a uniform system of bankruptcy throughout the United States" approved July 1, 1898, and acts amendatory thereof and supplementary thereto and to repeal section 76 thereof and all acts and parts of acts inconsistent therewith /

"Containing amendments proposed by the National Bankruptcy Conference."

Revised rules of the Supreme court of the United States : Adopted June 5, 1928. Effective July 1, 1928. Amended June 1, 1931, and May 31, 1932. (The Acts of February 13, 1925, c.229, 43 Stat. 936, January 31, 1928, c. 14, 45 Stat. 54, and April 26, 1928, c. 440, 45 Stat. 466, are printed in an appendix.).

Act of February 13, 1925: An act to amend the Judicial code, and to further define the jurisdiction of the Circuit courts of appeals and of the Supreme court, and for other purposes; Act of January 31, 1928: An act in reference to writs of error; Act of April 26, 1928: An act to amend section 2 of an act entitled "An act in reference to writs of error" (12 pages at end) Eighty pages: "Amendments effective Sept. 1, 1932" inserted. (c.1).

The dream physician : play in five acts /

Mode of access: Internet.

The ware case : a play in four acts /

Mode of access: Internet.

The laws and ordinances of the city of Cohoes : including the revised charter, acts of the legislature relating to the city of Cohoes, together with certain general statutes and parts of statutes of the state of New York, applicable to said city, besides other useful matter pertaining to its government /

Includes index.