Meio ambiente no ensino de Ciências: análise de livros didáticos para os anos finais do ensino fundamental

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Infância e escola: desafios no ingresso da criança no ensino fundamental

In order to expand educational services in the country, were recently approved laws that changed the organization of schools and the population served by them, as was the case of Law No. 11.274/2006 elementary school that extended from eight to nine years, establishing the admission of children to this level of education to 6 years old. The research aimed to analyze the relationship between the legal text and the meanings of schooling and the specifics of childhood with the entry of children in elementary school. We proceeded to carry out theoretical research and documentation and with the main results we can state that: 1) referring to the childhood and school education, we can reflect on the period that includes the ages between 5 and 7 years, periods in which the child Brazil, according to new legislation can be met in kindergarten and compulsory from 6 years in elementary education, refers to the student at a time conducive to the psychological and cognitive investment in the development of imagination, thought through images, perception , logical reasoning, comparison and identification of elements of the property, creativity and playful and symbolic creations, 2) found that the formation of the 1st child. years of elementary school students is directed around the practices of literacy, with emphasis on the acquisition of reading and writing; Find out what this new educational context, schools are presenting great challenges due to the specifics of care for children six years in the first year Elementary School, showing gap between the law and the actual developments in the reorganization of schools.

O perdão como componente moral em crianças do primeiro ano do ensino fundamental

Forgiveness may be considered a moral component to be developed along with the development of moral autonomy of individuals. This study aims to verify how 10 (ten) children from the first year of elementary school conceive the pardon and its possible relationship with their moral autonomy development. As theoretical research we have taken Piaget´s studies on human´s morality (1930; 1932) and Rique (2007, 2008, 2011) and Enright (1991, 1998) studies about forgiveness. This study was based on a qualitative research and the adopted method was the Piaget's Experimental Clinical Method. The results have shown that children perform moral reasoning when facing situations which involve the decision of forgiving someone and tend to comprehend forgiveness as forgiving someone for some performed act. We conclude by emphasizing the importance of the teacher’s mediation and intervention in moral discussions involving forgiveness, for the construction of the learners ´moral autonomy.

Indisciplina no contexto escolar: um estudo das significações abstraídas por estudantes brasileiros do ensino fundamental e médio

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Simetria no ensino fundamental através da resolução de problemas: possibilidades para um trabalho em sala de aula

This paper presents an alternative way of working with the theme of symmetry in the elementary school classroom. The proposal is based on qualitative research developed in the Professional Masters degree program in Science and Mathematics Teaching. We conducted field-work consisting of applying a sequence of activities for students in the seventh grade. The sequence was developed from the perspective of mathematics teaching using problem solving, taking into consideration aspects relevant to the study of geometry, such as intuition and visualization. In carrying out the activities, the dialogues between students and teacher were recorded and later transcribed. For data analysis we used the procedures of phenomenology. When interpreting the data, we observed that the teaching of symmetry using problem-solving enhances learning. We also found that, in an investigative environment, students are able to identify properties, argue about the geometric characteristics, and justify their opinions.

O terceiro ano do ciclo de alfabetização no Ensino Fundamental de nove anos: o que dizem alunos e professores

Pós-graduação em Educação Escolar - FCLAR

A participação da família como fator de influência no rendimento escolar de estudantes do ensino fundamental

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

A geometria tridimensional apresentada nos livros didáticos de matemática do 5º ano do ensino fundamental

O presente trabalho realiza um estudo referente à Geometria Tridimensional, no que tange a sua metodologia apresentada nos livros didáticos de Matemática. Esse instrumento tem passado por um processo de avaliação mais rigoroso nas últimas décadas pelos órgãos governamentais para a promoção do livro com qualidade o que é importante, porém uma análise crítica de seus conteúdos é essencial para que esse instrumento torne-se adequado a cada realidade e um aliado no planejamento do educador no processo de ensino e aprendizagem da Geometria. Essa disciplina é considerada por vários autores e especialista da educação como um conhecimento muito pertinente para a formação integral do aluno, ao proporcionar o desenvolvimento do raciocínio visual, espacial e lógico, abrangendo também a formação cultural e profissional. Nesse sentido, considerando a importância da escolha de um livro adequado e coerente para a qualidade desse ensino, objetivouse com esse estudo realizar uma análise e reflexão sobre os conteúdos da Geometria Tridimensional apresentada em dois livros didáticos de matemática do 5º ano do ensino fundamental submetidos aos critérios eliminatórios do Programa Nacional do Livro Didático - PNLD (2013) e aprovado pelo Ministério da Educação. Mediante levantamento bibliográfico da literatura pertinente e análise de documentos oficiais foi possível verificar que os mesmos apresentaram progressos em alguns aspectos atendendo de forma parcial as propostas atuais para esse ensino demonstrando que ainda precisam evoluir

Ensino de Ciências nos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental: o que dizem os professores

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

O processo de escolarização de crianças surdas no ensino fundamental: um olhar para o ensino de ciências articulado aos fundamentos da astronomia

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Introdução a álgebra no ensino fundamental: o “X” da questão

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

A formação continuada, o uso do computador e as aulas de ciências nos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental

The present article aims to discuss a process of continuing education which was focused on Science teaching and computer use considering the school as the locus of training. This process was intended for teachers who taught in the first years of Primary School. The research was developed with a qualitative approach, focusing on participant observation. It was aimed to characterize the educational practices, considering the elaboration of scientific knowledge, the development of experimental activities and the educational possibilities of the Information and Communication Technologies. The results reveal the involvement of the group in an attitude of research and reflection, and the utilization of collective spaces for constant discussion regarding the issues of classroom and teaching action.

Inserção de conceitos e experimentos físicos nos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental: uma análise à luz da teoria de vigotski

In this paper, we analyze the educational importance of teaching Physics in the early grades of elementary school from a teaching experience with students of 5th grade, using five experiments on electricity and magnetism. The theoretical framework used was the socio-historical psychology, especially Vigotski's studies on concept formation. It can be stated that the teaching of Physics and the use of experimental activities in the early grades cannot be simply associated to the teaching of certain scientific concepts, but should be explored bearing in mind the child's development.

Histórias em quadrinhos como recurso didático para o ensino do corpo humano em anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental

Teaching resources involve different elements used to support the organization of teaching and learning. Among these are the comic books, involving visual aspects, both cognitive and creative, that provide an alternative way to complement the lectures. The aim of this study was to develop and evaluate a comic book entitled “Human Body”, focusing on the circulatory, digestive, nervous and respiratory systems, to provide an alternative resource for the teaching of the content in the initial years. The material was evaluated with students of the 5th year of elementary education at a public school in the state of São Paulo, through the use of questionnaires. The comic book proved to be valid as a complementary teaching resource for learning in students, enabling reflection on the relevance of the development and use of comics to science education in the initial years.

A cultura escrita nos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental: implicações pedagógicas da Teoria Histórico- Cultural

Pós-graduação em Educação - FFC