The end of old Europe : the causes of the First World War, 1914-1918.

Dividido en tres partes, se repasan en ellas las características de las cinco grandes potencias europeas del momento: los imperios británico, alemán, ruso, austro-húngaro y la república de Francia, así como las figuras de sus gobernantes; en segundo lugar, trata de la expansión por el continente de un frágil sistema de alianzas, y por último, del polvorín político de los Balcanes. Incluye fragmentos de fuentes históricas originales, así como material de aprendizaje activo: ejercicios, preguntas y pruebas.

The end of consensus : Britain 1945-90.

Cumple con los requisitos para la especificación OCR AS de Historia, unidad F981 sobre 'Explicación histórica', opción B. Su contenido se divide en ocho capítulos y, además de definir el concepto de consenso, explica la política británica desde el final de la Segunda Guerra Mundial hasta 1990. Este recurso incluye: actividades para ayudar a la comprensión de su contenido y desarrollar en los estudiantes habilidades con la historia y, además fuentes históricas, debates y controversias, definiciones de palabras nuevas y consejos prácticos para los exámenes.

Programa de autoayuda para la toma de decisiones al finalizar la educación secundaria obligatoria (ESO) : CESOF-06 = Self-applied decision making program at the end of the compulsory secondary education (ESO) : CESOF-06.

Resumen basado en el del autor

End of ESO trip : secuencia didáctica de inglés fundamentada en el desarrollo de las competencias básicas.

Experiencia cuya propuesta es trabajar las diferentes destrezas implicadas en el aprendizaje del inglés desde el enfoque didáctico basado en el desarrollo de las competencias básicas sin dejar de lado el justo equilibrio entre conceptos, procedimientos y actitudes. Para llevarlo a cabo se utiliza como elemento motivador el diseño de un viaje de fin de estudios .

Strategic management of non-point source pollution from sewage sludge

In the UK, the recycling of sewage sludge to land is expected to double by 2006 but the security of this route is threatened by environmental concerns and health scares. Strategic investment is needed to ensure sustainable and secure sludge recycling outlets. At present, the security of this landbank for sludge recycling is determined by legislation relating to nutrient rather than potentially toxic elements (PTEs) applications to land - especially the environmental risk linked to soil phosphorus (P) saturation. We believe that not all land has an equal risk of contributing nutrients derived from applications to land to receiving waters. We are currently investigating whether it is possible to minimise nutrient loss by applying sludge to land outside Critical Source Areas (CSAs) regardless of soil P Index status. Research is underway to develop a predictive and spatially-sensitive, semi-distributed model of critical thresholds for sludge application that goes beyond traditional 'end-of-pipe" or "edge-of-field" modelling, to include hydrological flow paths and delivery mechanisms to receiving waters from non-point sources at the catchment scale.

Changes in the extent of glaciers in the Eastern Terskey Alatoo, the Central Tien-Shan, in response to climatic fluctuations in between the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 21st century

Changes in the extent of glaciers and rates of glacier termini retreat in the eastern Terskey-Alatoo Range, the Tien Shan Mountains, Central Asia have been evaluated using the remote sensing techniques. Changes in the extent of 335 glaciers between the end of the Little Ice Age (LIA; mid-19th century), 1990 and 2003 have been estimated through the delineation of glacier outlines and the LIA moraine positions on the Landsat TM and ASTER imagery for 1990 and 2003 respectively. By 2003, the glacier surface area had decreased by 19% of the LIA value, which constitutes a 76 km(2) reduction in glacier surface area. Mapping of 109 glaciers using the 1965 1:25,000 maps revealed that glacier surface area decreased by 12.6% of the 1965 value between 1965 and 2003. Detailed mapping of 10 glaciers using historical maps and aerial photographs from the 1943-1977 period, has enabled glacier extent variations over the 20th century to be identified with a higher temporal resolution. Glacial retreat was slow in the early 20th century but increased considerably between 1943 and 1956 and then again after 1977. The post-1990 period has been marked by the most rapid glacier retreat since the end of the LIA. The observed changes in the extent of glaciers are in line with the observed climatic warming. The regional weather stations have revealed a strong climatic warming during the ablation season since the 1950s at a rate of 0.02-0.03 degrees Ca-1. At the higher elevations in the study area represented by the Tien Shan meteorological station, the summer warming was accompanied by negative anomalies in annual precipitation in the 1990s enhancing glacier retreat. However, trends in precipitation in the post-1997 period cannot be evaluated due to the change in observational practices at this station. Neither station in the study area exhibits significant long-term trends in precipitation. Crown Copyright (C) 2009 Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.