1000 resultados para Construções de tópico


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Dissertação de mestrado, Energia e Climatização de Edifícios, Instituto Superior de Engenharia, Universidade do Algarve, 2015

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Esta dissertação investiga os efeitos do desenvolvimento da linguagem ‒ típico (DTL) e atípico (ADL) ‒ e da escolarização na forma como as crianças compreendem e produzem as orações adjectivas restritivas de SU e de OD (ao centro e à direita), de Ind e de Loc (Ind e Loc apenas testadas na tarefa de repetição). A amostra foi constituída por 3 grupos de crianças – dos quais16 têm DTL do Pré-escolar; 13 são do 2.º ano básico com DTL e 7 têm ADL ‒ e por 1 grupo de adultos (o grupo de controlo) com 10 indivíduos. Através da aplicação das tarefas de representação e de repetição de Vasconcelos (1991) e da narrativa ‘A história do gato’, de Hickmann (1982), os resultados mostram a maior acessibilidade das adjectivas SU e OD à direita; elucidam-nos também sobre a importância que o processo de desenvolvimento linguístico e a escolarização têm para a temática. /ABSTRACT: This dissertation research the effects of typical (DTL) and atypical language development (LI), and the formal education system itself on the manner in which children understand and produce restrictive relative clauses of subject (SU) and direct object (DO) (center and right embedded), indirect object (Ind) and locative (Loc); Ind and Loc atested merely on construction tasks. The complete sample includes 3 groups of children - 16 pre-school with DTL; 13 in 2nd grade with DTL and 7 children diagnosed with LI - and 1 group of adults (control group)10 individuals. The results of representation and repetition exercises by Vasconcelos (1991) and the narrative of Hickmann’s ‘Cat story’ (1982) revealed that the majority of the participating children master more easily SU and OD clauses relative clauses with right association; and also important role of the language development process and of School for the matter.

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Já se passaram algumas décadas desde que o betão é o principal material de construção que ergue cidades e estruturas nas civilizações contemporâneas. Num passado não muito longínquo, a área da durabilidade, manutenção e prevenção das estruturas de betão não foi vista como prioridade, chegando a ser negligenciada, por consequência hoje existem graves problemas nalgumas construções de betão. Por outro lado, devido ao excedente de construção habitacional em Portugal e à, a atual conjuntura económica/financeira que a Europa atravessa, o setor da construção tem sofrido um abrandamento acentuado. A consciência e postura de sustentabilidade das novas gerações e entidades competentes, acentuou a necessidade de preservar, reparar e reforçar muito do património no parque habitacional português e europeu. O projeto de intervenção numa estrutura nunca é abordada da mesma maneira, não existem duas estruturas iguais, e há particularidades neste tipo de projetos que não existem num projeto de uma estrutura nova. Para intervir numa estrutura já construída é necessário um conhecimento abrangente em várias temáticas, tais como: regulamentação, métodos de avaliação de segurança, definição das características mecânicas dos materiais, técnicas de reparação e reforço, metodologias de diagnostico e intervenção, comportamento estrutural, etc. Atualmente existe muita informação acerca da temática de reparação e reforço de estruturas de betão armado, no entanto há ainda alguma falta de documentação onde a informação aparece de forma integral e objetiva. Consideando o apresentado anteriormente, tentou-se compilar informação sobre os principais assuntos que interessam a um projeto de reparação/reforço de estruturas de betão armado, nomeadamente as normas e legislação aplicável, exemplos de metodologias de inspeção e intervenção, os principais ensaios em laboratório e in situ para caracterização dos materiais, principais técnicas de reparação/reforço. Sobre este tópico e a título de exemplo, aprofundou-se com mais detalhe as considerações relativas ao dimensionamento com reforço com FRP´s.

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Resumen Las Indicaciones Geográficas Calificadas (IGC), Indicación Geográfica y Denominación de Origen son sellos de certificación que comunican, simultáneamente, que un producto determinado posee una calidad específica y que esta es originada fundamentalmente por el territorio del cual  proviene. En el contexto argentino cada producto constituye una referencia identitaria para la gran mayoría de los pobladores locales, independientemente de su origen étnico. Abstract Qualified Geographical Indications (IGC), Geographical Indication and Designation of Origin certification seals are reported simultaneously that a product has a specific quality and that this is caused mainly by the territory from which it came. In the Argentine context each product is a reference identity for the vast majority of local people, regardless of their ethnicity.

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Fil: Minellono, María. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación; Argentina.

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Fil: Minellono, María. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación; Argentina.

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RESUMO No presente trabalho, realizamos um estudo sobre a sintaxe histórica da língua portuguesa, focalizando as construções com se apassivador/indeterminador. Partindo de uma concepção de língua histórica, considerada em sua dimensão sociolinguística (COSERIU, 1979a; LABOV, 1972, 1982), analisamos a situação de variação e mudança linguística por que passam tais construções na gramática do português arcaico. Para tanto, utilizamos quatro corpora, representativos da prosa literária e não-literária do português dos séculos XIII, XIV, XV e XVI. Paralelamente ao estudo linguístico deste sintaticismo no referido período, esboçamos também um estudo historiográfico recuperando as reflexões dedicadas ao tema das construções com se pelas tradições gramaticais portuguesa e brasileira, bem como pelos estudos filológicos e linguístico-históricos. ABSTRACT In this paper, we carry out a study on Portuguese historical syntax, focusing on the se constructions. Based on a conception of historical language, considered in its sociolinguistic dimension (COSERIU, 1979a; LABOV, 1972, 1982), we analyze linguistic variation and change which these constructions undergo in the grammar of Old Portuguese. We used four corpora, representative of literary and non-literary Portuguese prose of the of 13th, 14th, 15th and 16th centuries. Parallel to the syntactic study, we also outline a study recovering the reflections on the theme of the se constructions by Brazilian and Portuguese grammatical tradition, as well as by the philological and historical linguistic studies.

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The main objective of this work is the study of the effect of rice husk addition on the physical and mechanical properties of soil-cement, in order to obtain an alternative construction material. The rice husk preparation consisted of grinding, sieving, and the pre-treatment with lime solution. The physical characteristics of the soil and of the rice husk were determined. Different amounts of soil, cement and rice husk were tested by compaction and unconfined compression. The specimens molded according to the treatments applied to the mixtures were subsequently submitted to compression testing and to tensile splitting cylinder testing at 7 and 28 days of age and to water absorption testing. After determining its physical and mechanical characteristics, the best results were obtained for the soil + 12% (cement + rice husk) mixture. The results showed a promising use as an alternative construction material.

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Animal welfare has been an important research topic in animal production mainly in its ways of assessment. Vocalization is found to be an interesting tool for evaluating welfare as it provides data in a non-invasive way as well as it allows easy automation of process. The present research had as objective the implementation of an algorithm based on artificial neural network that had the potential of identifying vocalization related to welfare pattern indicatives. The research was done in two parts, the first was the development of the algorithm, and the second its validation with data from the field. Previous records allowed the development of the algorithm from behaviors observed in sows housed in farrowing cages. Matlab® software was used for implementing the network. It was selected a retropropagation gradient algorithm for training the network with the following stop criteria: maximum of 5,000 interactions or error quadratic addition smaller than 0.1. Validation was done with sows and piglets housed in commercial farm. Among the usual behaviors the ones that deserved enhancement were: the feed dispute at farrowing and the eventual risk of involuntary aggression between the piglets or between those and the sow. The algorithm was able to identify through the noise intensity the inherent risk situation of piglets welfare reduction.

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The rice husk and its ash are abundant and renewable and can be used to obtain alternative building materials. An increase in the consumption of such waste could help minimize the environmental problems from their improper disposal. This study aimed to evaluate the use of ashes as a cargo mineral (filler). However, the rice husk chemically interferes in the conduct of the based cement mixtures. Thus, different mixes cement-rice husk with and without the addition of ash were evaluated in order to highlight the influence of its components (husk; ash), which could otherwise be excluded or be underestimated. Cylindrical samples (test of simple compression and traction by diametrical compression) and samples extracted from manufactured pressed board (test of bending and parallel compression to the surface), were used to evaluate the behavior of different mixtures of components (rice hush; RHA - rice husk ahs). The results of the mechanical tests showed, in general, there is not a statistical difference between the mixtures, which are associated with the chemical suppressive effect of the rice husk ash. The mixture of rice husk of 10 mm, with an addition of 35% of the rice husk ash, is notable for allowing the highest consumption of rice husk and rice husk ash, to reduce 25% the consumption of cement and to allow the storage (without emissions to the atmosphere), around 1.9 ton of CO2 per ton of cement consumed, thus contributing to the reduction of CO2 emissions, which can stimulate rural constructions under an ecological point of view.

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This paper investigates the relationship between structural and semantic properties of factive sentences and the pattern of extraction exhibited. It is argued that a classification as weak or strong island is unfeasible for what has been termed Factive Island. The kinds of structures allowed as factive complements are analyzed as well as their corresponding behavior concerning extraction. The common feature these structures show is their presuppositional character, which is derived from a selection requirement. I assume that factive predicates select a [+ specific] complement. The differences showed concerning extraction constitute a spontaneous effect from the structural way each construction may satisfy this requirement.

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PURPOSE: To report a case of Nocardia asteroides scleritis in a patient without risk factors for infeccious scleritis. METHODS: A 38-year old woman was initially examined for pain, discharge, photophobia of 1 month duration in her right eye. Her medical and ophthalmological history were unremarkable. The results of laboratory tests were normal. Surgical debridement of necrotic tissue was performed and material was sent for biopsy and culture confirmed as Nocardia asteroides. Treatment consisted of amikacin eyedrops, and systemic trimethropim-sulfamethoxazole. The infection resolved leaving scleral thinning and a subconjunctival fibrovascular scar. Best corrected visual acuity two months after referral had improved to LE, 20/20. CONCLUSION: Prompt evaluation and treatment is essential for successful management of Nocardia asteroides infectious scleritis.

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Universidade Estadual de Campinas . Faculdade de Educação Física

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Universidade Estadual de Campinas . Faculdade de Educação Física