[Orígen del azúcar en la economía animal : su importancia fisiológica] : Discurso leído ante el claustro de la Universidad Central por D. Francisco Javier de Castro y Perez en el acto solemne de recibir la investidura de Doctor en la Facultad de Medicina.

Mode of access: Internet.

Discurso acerca de los caracteres históricos de la Iglesia Española : leido ante la Real Academia de la Historia en la recepción pu?blica del Dr. D. Fernando de Castro, el d��a 7 de enero de 1866.

Mode of access: Internet.

Aduertencias historicas sobre las obras de algunos doctos escritores modernos : donde con las chronicas y con las escrituras solicita su meior inteligencia D. Luis de Salazar y Castro, Cauallero de la Orden de Calatraua.

Mode of access: Internet.

Sharḥ al-ʻAllāmah al-fāḍil al-insān al-kāmil ṣāḥib al-maʻārif al-bawāhir al-Shaykh Shihāb al-D��n Aḥmad ibn ʻAbd al-Qādir al-maʻrūf bi-Bāʻashan [microform] : al-musammá bi-al-Bayān wa-al-mazīd : al-mushtamil ʻalá maʻānī al-tanzīh wa-ḥaqāʾiq al-tawḥīd ʻalá Uns al-waḥīd wa-nuzhat al-murīd min kalām al-ʻārif bi-mawlāhu Sayyidinā wa-Mawlānā Abī Madyan, raḥimahu Allāh taʻālá wa-arḍāh.

Microfilm.

Praxis Stahliana, das ist Herrn Georg Ernst Stahls, konigl. Preussischen Hof-Rath und leib-medici Collegium practicum, welches theils von Ihm privatim in die Feder dictirt, theils von seinen damahligen Auditoribus aus dem Discurs mit besonderem Fleiss nachgeschrieben nunmehro aber aus dem Lateinischen ins Deutsche ubersetzt ... zum Druck befordet worden von D. Johann Storchen, alias Hulderico Pelargo ...

Mode of access: Internet.

D. Gottlob Christian Storr's ... Lehrbuch der Christlichen Dogmatik ins Deutsche übers., mit Erläuterungen aus andern, vornehmlich des Verfassers eigenen, Schriften und mit Zusätzen aus der theologischen Litteratur versehen,

Mode of access: Internet.

Joannis Raii ... Historiae plantarum : tomus tertius ... : accessit Historia Stirpium ins. Luzonis & reliquarum Philippinarum a R. P. Gee. Jos. Camello ... S. J. conscripta : item D. Jos. Pitton Tournefort ... Grollarium institutionum rei herbariae.

Mode of access: Internet.

Respuesta y reflexiones sobre las cartas de D. Roque Leal de Castro acerca de la representacion á las Córtes del señor Arzobispo de Valencia /

Contiene: T. I (223 p.) -- T. II (240 p.)

Beiträge zur historisch kritischen Einleitung ins Neue Testament, sowohl die Geschichte des Canons ... mit polemischer Rücksicht auf das Lehrbuch des Herrn D. de Wette /

Mode of access: Internet.

Chefs-d'oeuvre du théatre espagnol : Torrès Naharro, Cervantes Saavedra, Guillem de Castro.

Mode of access: Internet.

Convenio General de Colaboración que celebran por una parte, la Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, representada por su rector Dr. en D. Jorge Olvera García y por otra, la Universidad de Cuenca, Ecuador, representada por su rector Ing. Fabián Carrasco Castro, en lo sucesivo "La UAEM" y "La U de Cuenca", respectivamente.

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Hypothyroidism decreases proinsulin gene expression and the attachment of its mRNA and eEF1A protein to the actin cytoskeleton of INS-1E cells

The actions of thyroid hormone (TH) on pancreatic beta cells have not been thoroughly explored, with current knowledge being limited to the modulation of insulin secretion in response to glucose, and beta cell viability by regulation of pro-mitotic and pro-apoptotic factors. Therefore, the effects of TH on proinsulin gene expression are not known. This led us to measure: a) proinsulin mRNA expression, b) proinsulin transcripts and eEF1A protein binding to the actin cytoskeleton, c) actin cytoskeleton arrangement, and d) proinsulin mRNA poly(A) tail length modulation in INS-1E cells cultured in different media containing: i) normal fetal bovine serum - FBS (control); ii) normal FBS plus 1 µM or 10 nM T3, for 12 h, and iii) FBS depleted of TH for 24 h (Tx). A decrease in proinsulin mRNA content and attachment to the cytoskeleton were observed in hypothyroid (Tx) beta cells. The amount of eEF1A protein anchored to the cytoskeleton was also reduced in hypothyroidism, and it is worth mentioning that eEF1A is essential to attach transcripts to the cytoskeleton, which might modulate their stability and rate of translation. Proinsulin poly(A) tail length and cytoskeleton arrangement remained unchanged in hypothyroidism. T3 treatment of control cells for 12 h did not induce any changes in the parameters studied. The data indicate that TH is important for proinsulin mRNA expression and translation, since its total amount and attachment to the cytoskeleton are decreased in hypothyroid beta cells, providing evidence that effects of TH on carbohydrate metabolism also include the control of proinsulin gene expression.

The role of disulfide bridges in the 3-D structures of the antimicrobial peptides gomesin and protegrin-1: a molecular dynamics study

Some antimicrobial peptides have a broad spectrum of action against many different kinds of microorganisms. Gomesin and protegrin-1 are examples of such antimicrobial peptides, and they were studied by molecular dynamics in this research. Both have a beta-hairpin conformation stabilized by two disulfide bridges and are active against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, as well as fungi. In this study, the role of the disulfide bridge in the maintenance of the tertiary peptide structure of protegrin-1 and gomesin is analyzed by the structural characteristics of these peptides and two of their respective variants, gomy4 and proty4, in which the four cysteines are replaced by four tyrosine residues. The absence of disulfide bridges in gomy4 and proty4 is compensated by overall reinforcement of the original hydrogen bonds and extra attractive interactions between the aromatic rings of the tyrosine residues. The net effects on the variants with respect to the corresponding natural peptides are: i) maintenance of the original beta-hairpin conformation, with great structural similarities between the mutant and the corresponding natural peptide; ii) combination of positive F and. Ramachandran angles within the hairpin head region with a qualitative change to a combination of positive (F) and negative (.) angles, and iii) significant increase in structural flexibility. Experimental facts about the antimicrobial activity of the gomesin and protegrin-1 variants have also been established here, in the hope that the detailed data provided in the present study may be useful for understanding the mechanism of action of these peptides.

Treatment of vitamin D deficiency increases lower limb muscle strength in institutionalized older people independently of regular physical activity: a randomized double-blind controlled trial

Aims: To investigate the effects of a 6-month supplementation with calcium and cholecalciferol on biochemical parameters and muscle strength of institutionalized elderly. Methods: This prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial included Brazilian institutionalized people 6 60 years of age receiving a 6-month supplementation ( December to May) of daily calcium plus monthly placebo (calcium/placebo group) or daily calcium plus oral cholecalciferol (150,000 IU once a month during the first 2 months, followed by 90,000 IU once a month for the last 4 months; calcium/vitamin D group). Fasting blood samples for 25-(OH) D, PTH and calcium determination were collected (n = 56) and muscle tests were performed ( n = 46) to measure the strength of hip flexors (SHF) and knee extensors (SKE) before ( baseline) and after the 6-month intervention ( 6 months). Results: Due to seasonal variations, serum 25( OH) D significantly enhanced in both groups after treatment, but the calcium/vitamin D group had significantly higher 25-(OH) D levels than the calcium/placebo group (84 vs. 33%, respectively; p < 0.0001). No cases of hypercalcemia were observed. While the calcium/placebo group showed no improvement in SHF and SKE at 6 months (p = 0.93 and p = 0.61, respectively), SHF was increased in the calcium/vitamin D group by 16.4% (p = 0.0001) and SKE by 24.6% (p = 0.0007). Conclusions: The suggested cholecalciferol supplementation was safe and efficient in enhancing 25(OH)D levels and lower limb muscle strength in the elderly, in the absence of any regular physical exercise practice. Copyright (C) 2009 S. Karger AG, Basel

Reciprocal interactions of obstructive sleep apnea and hypertension associated with ACE I/D polymorphism in males

Background: The angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism gene contributes to the genesis of hypertension (HTN) and may help explain the relationship between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and HTN. However, ACE is a pleiotropic gene that has several influences, including skeletal muscle and control of ventilation. We therefore tested the hypothesis that ACE polymorphism influences OSA severity. Methods: Male OSA patients (apnea-hypopnea index [AHI] > 5 events/h) from 2 university sleep centers were evaluated by polysomnography and ACE I/D polymorphism genotyping. Results: We studied 266 males with OSA (age = 48 +/- 13y, body mass index = 29 5kg/m(2), AHI = 34 +/- 25events/h). HTN was present in 114 patients (43%) who were older (p < 0.01), heavier (p < 0.05) and had more severe OSA (p < 0.01). The I allele was associated with HTN in patients with mild to moderate OSA (p < 0.01), but not in those with severe OSA. ACE I/D polymorphism was not associated with apnea severity among normotensive patients. In contrast. the only variables independently associated with OSA severity among patients with hypertension in multivariate analysis were BMI (OR = 1.12) and 11 genotype (OR = 0.27). Conclusions: Our results indicate reciprocal interactions between OSA and HTN with ACE I/D polymorphism, suggesting that among hypertensive OSA males, the homozygous ACE I allele protects from severe OSA. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.