Biological response to phorbol ester determined by alternative G1 pathways.

A plethora of extracellular signals is known to induce a common set of immediate early genes. The immediate early response, therefore, must not be sufficient to determine the biological outcome. An example of this is found with the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA). A potent activator of protein kinase C, TPA can either stimulate or inhibit cell proliferation, depending on the cell type. This cell context-dependent response to TPA is observed with two subclones of NIH 3T3 cells, the P- and the N-3T3 clones. TPA is a mitogen for the P-3T3 but an antimitogen for the N-3T3 cells. The immediate early pathway is activated by TPA in both cell types, indicating that this pathway alone does not activate DNA synthesis. The delayed induction of cyclin D1 expression by TPA is observed only in the P-3T3 cells, correlating with mitogenesis. N-Acetylcysteine does not affect the immediate early pathway but can inhibit the TPA-mediated induction of cyclin D1 and DNA synthesis. In the N-3T3 cells, TPA causes an inhibition of the cyclin E-associated kinase at the G1/S transition, correlating with growth inhibition. The growth-inhibitory activity of TPA is not affected by N-acetylcysteine. Thus, the two TPA-regulated G1 pathways can be distinguished by their sensitivity to N-acetylcysteine. These results demonstrate that TPA can activate alternative G1 pathways. Moreover, the selection of the alternative G1 pathways is determined by the cell context, which, in turn, dictates the biological response to TPA.

Sifre de-agadeta: ʻal Megilat Ester; halo ̣ hemah ḳevutsat midreshim shonim : Midrash Aba Guriyon, Midrash Panim Aḥarim, Midrash Leḳaḥ Ṭov /

Includes bibliographical references.

Reuere[n]dissimi d[omi]ni d[omi]ni Thome de Vio Caietani cardinalis ... : i[n] o[mn]es authenticos Veteris Testamenti Historiales libros co[m]mentarij : In Iehosuam, Iudices, Ruth, Reges, Paralipomena, Hezram, Nehemiam et Ester

CCPB,

Dansk poetisk anthologie : eller udvalg af danske og norske lyriske digteres arbeider, ester tidsføg︡en, og ledsaget med biographisk-kritiske efterretninger.

Mode of access: Internet.

Teshuʻot ḥen : ...ʻal megilat Ester...

Mode of access: Internet.

Megaleh sod ṿe-hu beʾur le-ferush Rabi Avraham ben Ezra ʻal ḥamesh ha-megilot Ḳohelet, Rut, Shir ha-shirim, Ester, Ekhah ; ... ṿe-nismakh Maʾamar ha-madaʻ : bo itbaʾer ʻinyan ha-ḥokhmot ha-ramot... /

Mode of access: Internet.

Mafteaḥ el Megilat Ester.

Added t.p.: Prolegomenon in Librum Esther.

Yosef leḳaḥ : ... perush megilat Ester.

Mode of access: Internet.

Sheʾerit Yehudah : ...nes hatsalat Yiśraʾel ʻal yede Mordekhai ṿe-Ester /

Detached from Bikure ha-ʻitim, v. 8.

Sifre de-agadeta ʻal megilat Ester ... kevuzat midrashim shonim: midrash Aba Gorion ... midrash Panim aherim ...

Added t.-p. in German.

Perchlorate ester; preparation and polymerization

Mode of access: Internet.

Zur Kenntnis der Ester von Kohlenhydraten.

Thesis (doctoral)--Universitat Zurich.

Ueber die Einwirkung der Toluidine auf einige Ester der Dibrombernsteinsaure.

Thesis (doctoral)--Universitat Bern.

Ueber Dehydroschleimsaure : eine neue Darstellungmethode, sowie verschiedene Salze und Ester derselben.

Thesis (doctoral)--Georg-Augusts-Universitat, Gottingen.

Uber polychrome salze und ester aus oximidoketonen.

Thesis (doctoral)--