Practice tests for IGCSE English as a second language : reading and writing book 1 with key.

El libro contiene 4 test prácticos completos con formato de examen para los ejercicios 1 y 2 de la prueba Cambridge IGCSE (International General Certificate of Secondary Education) de inglés como segundo idioma. Los test permiten desarrollar las técnicas de examen de los alumnos familiarizándose con el formato de los ejercicios de lectura y redacción, y con el tipo de temas y textos que pueden encontrar en el examen oficial. El nivel de la prueba es intermedio e intermedio-alto. Incluye respuestas y redacciones de ejemplo.

Practice tests for IGCSE English as a second language : reading and writing book 2.

El libro contiene cuatro tests prácticos completos con formato de examen para el ejercicio 2 de la prueba Cambridge IGCSE (International General Certificate of Secondary Education) de inglés como segundo idioma. Los tests permiten desarrollar las técnicas de examen de los alumnos familiarizándose con el formato de los ejercicios de lectura, compresión y escritura, y con el tipo de temas que pueden encontrar en el examen oficial. El nivel de la prueba es intermedio e intermedio-alto.

Practice tests for IGCSE English as a second language : reading and writing book 2 with key.

El libro contiene cuatro tests prácticos completos con formato de examen para el ejercicio 2 de la prueba Cambridge IGCSE (International General Certificate of Secondary Education) de inglés como segundo idioma. Los tests permiten desarrollar las técnicas de examen de los alumnos familiarizándose con el formato de los ejercicios de lectura, compresión y redacción, y con el tipo de temas y textos que pueden encontrar en el examen oficial. El nivel de la prueba es intermedio e intermedio-alto. Incluye las respuestas de los tests y redacciones de ejemplo.

A predictive study of reading comprehension in third-grade Spanish students

Resumen tomado de la publicación

Invariance levels across language versions of the PISA 2009 reading comprehension tests in Spain

Resumen tomado de la publicaci??n

Impact of family language and testing language on reading performance in a bilingual educational context

Resumen tomado de la publicaci??n

Internal structure and standardized scores of the Spanish adaptation of the EGRA (Early Grade Reading Assessment) for early reading assessment

Resumen tomado de la publicaci??n

Intervention in reading processes in pupils with Specific Language Impairment (SLI)

Resumen tomado de la publicaci??n

Using eye-tracking to study anaphoric relations processing in European Portuguese

In this study we evaluate processing costs of different types of anaphoric expressions during reading. We consider three types of anaphoric expressions in Subject sentential position: a null pronoun (pro), and two gaps produced by syntactic movement: a WHvariable and a NP copy. Given that coreferential pro exhibits more referential weight than wh- and NP-gaps, and grounded on theories of referential processing based on relations of hierarchy and accessibility of the antecedent, we raise the hypothesis that the more dependent on its antecedent the anaphoric null constituent is, and the more minimal is the distance in terms of hierarchical structure between the anaphoric null element and its antecedent, the lower are the cognitive costs in processing. To test our hypothesis, we registered the eye movements with R6-HS ASL system of 20 Portuguese adult native speakers. Text regions including the selected anaphoric expressions were delimited and tagged. We analyzed the reading time of each region taking into account the number and duration of eye fixations per region; we used the reading time by character in milliseconds in order to compare values between regions of different length. We found a significant advantage in the reading time of the gaps arising from movement over the reading time of pro.

A test of concept formation of hearing-impaired children

This paper discusses a study to determine whether a hearing impaired child acquires concept formation and if their acquisition is related to reading grade level.

A critical analysis of scores, accumulated from the presentation of the Wechsler-Bellevue Intelligence Scale to adolescent and adult deafened individuals

This paper discusses the validity of the Wechsler-Bellevue Intelligence test for hearing impaired adolescents and adults.

On the convergence of the no response test

The no response test is a new scheme in inverse problems for partial differential equations which was recently proposed in [D. R. Luke and R. Potthast, SIAM J. Appl. Math., 63 (2003), pp. 1292–1312] in the framework of inverse acoustic scattering problems. The main idea of the scheme is to construct special probing waves which are small on some test domain. Then the response for these waves is constructed. If the response is small, the unknown object is assumed to be a subset of the test domain. The response is constructed from one, several, or many particular solutions of the problem under consideration. In this paper, we investigate the convergence of the no response test for the reconstruction information about inclusions D from the Cauchy values of solutions to the Helmholtz equation on an outer surface $\partial\Omega$ with $\overline{D} \subset \Omega$. We show that the one‐wave no response test provides a criterion to test the analytic extensibility of a field. In particular, we investigate the construction of approximations for the set of singular points $N(u)$ of the total fields u from one given pair of Cauchy data. Thus, the no response test solves a particular version of the classical Cauchy problem. Also, if an infinite number of fields is given, we prove that a multifield version of the no response test reconstructs the unknown inclusion D. This is the first convergence analysis which could be achieved for the no response test.

A multiwave range test for obstacle reconstructions with unknown physical properties

We develop a new multiwave version of the range test for shape reconstruction in inverse scattering theory. The range test [R. Potthast, et al., A ‘range test’ for determining scatterers with unknown physical properties, Inverse Problems 19(3) (2003) 533–547] has originally been proposed to obtain knowledge about an unknown scatterer when the far field pattern for only one plane wave is given. Here, we extend the method to the case of multiple waves and show that the full shape of the unknown scatterer can be reconstructed. We further will clarify the relation between the range test methods, the potential method [A. Kirsch, R. Kress, On an integral equation of the first kind in inverse acoustic scattering, in: Inverse Problems (Oberwolfach, 1986), Internationale Schriftenreihe zur Numerischen Mathematik, vol. 77, Birkhäuser, Basel, 1986, pp. 93–102] and the singular sources method [R. Potthast, Point sources and multipoles in inverse scattering theory, Habilitation Thesis, Göttingen, 1999]. In particular, we propose a new version of the Kirsch–Kress method using the range test and a new approach to the singular sources method based on the range test and potential method. Numerical examples of reconstructions for all four methods are provided.

Turing Test: Mindless Game?

The Turing Test, originally configured for a human to distinguish between an unseen man and unseen woman through a text-based conversational measure of gender, is the ultimate test for thinking. So conceived Alan Turing when he replaced the woman with a machine. His assertion, that once a machine deceived a human judge into believing that they were the human, then that machine should be attributed with intelligence. But is the Turing Test nothing more than a mindless game? We present results from recent Loebner Prizes, a platform for the Turing Test, and find that machines in the contest appear conversationally worse rather than better, from 2004 to 2006, showing a downward trend in highest scores awarded to them by human judges. Thus the machines are not thinking in the same way as a human intelligent entity would.