Force ripple compensation in a tubular linear generator for marine renewable generation

Tubular permanent magnet linear generators are a promising generator technology for use in marine renewables. One aspect of their design relates to the conditions necessary for achieving a smooth thrust response from the generator, free from cogging and periodic variations due to spatial harmonics of the flux cutting the generator coils. This paper presents an experimental and finite element study of the sources of thrust ripple in a prototype linear generator for marine generation. A simple self-commutated control scheme is shown, which uses linear Hall-effect sensors and look-up-table based feed-forward compensation to derive the excitation currents required to drive the machine with constant force. Details of the controller's FPGA based implementation are given, including its strategy for detecting sensor failure. © 2011 IEEE.

黄颡鱼与长须黄颡鱼种间的RAPD标记

国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2004CB117405)资助

太平洋日本沿岸斑点原海豚的年龄鉴定与生长

本文利用改良的石蜡包埋切片染色技术,对太平洋日本沿岸收集到的286头斑点原海豚(Stenellaat-tenuata)的牙齿标本进行了年龄鉴定,定义了斑点原海豚的牙齿质和牙骨质生长层组(GLGs)。从年龄和生长的角度对斑点原海豚的一些种群生物学特征进行了分析,并推算了部分种群参数。斑点原海豚在约18龄时,牙齿质停止生长,牙髓腔封闭。牙齿质中计数到的GLGs最多为18层,牙骨质中计数到的最多为42层。斑点原海豚的年龄与生长在一定范围内遵循一定的幂函数关系。5-6龄以前,斑点原海豚生长迅速,雌雄生长无明显差异

核移植后的细胞核再程序化机制研究进展

目前动物克隆技术体系极待完善 ,其极低的成功率及克隆动物普遍存在的早衰、早夭现象是阻碍研究深入进行的首要问题 ,其突破的关键在于对核移植后的细胞核再程序化机制的阐明。从移植核在结构上的重塑、移植核与受体卵细胞质所处的细胞周期及其相互作用、重构胚与两性胚在分子水平的变化等多方面研究表明 :受体细胞质的环境对于细胞核的再程序化至关重要 ,处于有丝分裂各时期的细胞作为核供体一旦移植到卵母细胞后 ,移植核在卵质环境里将出现结构上的重塑和分子的再程序化 ;移植核与受体卵间细胞周期的相容性、重构胚的染色体倍性的正确与

白暨豚血红蛋白电泳的相对迁移率

<正> 白暨豚血红蛋白的电泳图谱有清晰的两条带。它们的相对迁移率(mr)分别是0.415和0.485;相对迁移率的百分比(mr％)分别是84.70％和99.07％(人类Hb A mr％=100％)。较慢带含量的百分比是68.42％,较快带的为31.58％。按照蒙蒂(De Monte)和皮莱里(Pilleri)的命名法,白暨豚的血红蛋白类型应在Ⅴ和Ⅵ之间。在血红蛋白溶液中没发现非血红素蛋白带NHP(non-hem protein)。

Stabilization of a complex perovskite superstructure under ambient conditions: Influence of cation composition and ordering, and evaluation as an SOFC cathode

Ba1.6Ca2.3Y1.1Fe5O13 is an Fe3+ oxide adopting a complex perovskite superstructure, which is an ordered intergrowth between the Ca2Fe2O5 and YBa2Fe3O8 structures featuring octahedral, square pyramidal, and tetrahedral B sites and three distinct A site environments. The distribution of A site cations was evaluated by combined neutron and X-ray powder diffraction. Consistent with the Fe3+ charge state, the material is an antiferromagnetic insulator with a Néel temperature of 480-485 °C and has a relatively low d.c. conductivity of 2.06 S cm-1 at 700 °C. The observed area specific resistance in symmetrical cell cathodes with the samarium-doped ceria electrolyte is 0.87 Ω cm2 at 700 °C, consistent with the square pyramidal Fe3+ layer favoring oxide ion formation and mobility in the oxygen reduction reaction. Density functional theory calculations reveal factors favoring the observed cation ordering and its influence on the electronic structure, in particular the frontier occupied and unoccupied electronic states. © 2010 American Chemical Society.

Ultrastructure of the Spermatozoa of the Yangtze Finless Porpoise (Neophocaena phocaenoides asiaeorientalis)

P>Semen sample was collected from two captive adult Yangtze finless porpoises (Neophocaena phocaenoides asiaeorientalis) during physical examination. One individual was aged about 9 years with body length 143 cm (total length) and body weight 46.1 kg in 2003. The age of the other was unknown and its body length was 147 cm and body weight was 43 kg in 2004. Ultrastructure of their spermatozoa was examined using scanning and transmission electron microscope. The sperm concentration was 4.17 x 10(9) spermatozoa per ml by the cytometer. The approximate dimensions of the spermatozoa were as follows: head length, 3.366 +/- 0.140 mu m (mean +/- SE, n = 15); head width, 1.896 +/- 0.099 mu m (n = 15); and neck length, 1.004 +/- 0.074 mu m (n = 10). The tail included midpiece, principal piece and terminal piece. The length of the midpiece was 1.882 +/- 0.077 mu m (n = 9). There is no apparent boundary between the principal piece and the terminal piece, so the length of the principal piece and the terminal piece was 44.612 +/- 3.485 mu m (n = 5). Total length of the spermatozoa was 53.314 +/- 4.580 mu m (n = 10). The acrosome covered approximately 45.8% of the anterior portion of the head.

Effects of silver carp density on zooplankton and water quality: Implications for eutrophic lakes in China

We examined the responses of zooplankton community, water transparency, chlorophyll a and nutrients to manipulation of density of silver carp (Hypophthyalmichthys molitrix) in an one-way factorial experiment using enclosures placed in Donghu (East Lake, 30 degrees 33' N, 114 degrees 23' E), located in Wuhan, P. R. China. Enclosures (18.75 m(3)) were treated with four silver carp densities, 0, 81, 225, 485 g/m(2). Total zooplankton abundance (excluding nauplii and rotifers except for Asplanchna sp.) and the mean size of dominant cladoceran species were significantly greater in enclosures with 0 and 81 fish densities than those in enclosures with 225 and 485 fish densities. Water transparency also improved significantly when silver carp densities were 0 or 81 g/m(2). We did not find significant effects of silver carp density on chlorophyll a, total phosphorus, or total nitrogen concentrations. We conclude that by reducing planktivorous fish to below the current density (190 g/m(2)), the zooplankton community can be shifted from the dominance of small-bodied Moina sp. to dominance of large-bodied Daphnia sp. Further, the water clarity can be increased.

Dispersion characteristics of nanometer-scaled silicon rib waveguides

We investigate the dispersion properties of nanometer-scaled silicon waveguides with channel and rib cross section around the optical fiber communication wavelength and systematically study their relationship with the key structural parameters of the waveguide. The simulation results show that the introduction of an extra degree of freedom in the rib depth enables the rib waveguide more flexible in engineering the group velocity dispersion (GVD) compared with the channel waveguide. Besides, we get the structural parameters of the waveguides that can realize zero-GVD at 1550 nm.

飞行器多任务在线实时航迹规划

针对不确定环境中的飞行器多任务航迹规划问题展开研究,提出了一种基于飞行路线图的两阶段航迹规划框架,航迹规划分成学习和查询两个阶段,环境信息和飞行器约束条件分阶段体现.在该框架下,通过采用一种混合多任务动态航迹规划方法,分别在稀疏路线图上实时搜索初始航迹和在精细路线图上启发式搜索后备航迹,能够在具有预先未知威胁、可变飞行任务的战场环境中实时生成三维航迹.