Measurement of Spin Correlation in Top-Antitop Quark Events and Search for Top Squark Pair Production in pp Collisions at s√=8 TeV Using the ATLAS Detector

A measurement of spin correlation in tt¯ production is presented using data collected with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 8 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 20.3 fb−1. The correlation between the top and antitop quark spins is extracted from dilepton tt¯ events by using the difference in azimuthal angle between the two charged leptons in the laboratory frame. In the helicity basis the measured degree of correlation corresponds to Ahelicity=0.38±0.04, in agreement with the Standard Model prediction. A search is performed for pair production of top squarks with masses close to the top quark mass decaying to predominantly right-handed top quarks and a light neutralino, the lightest supersymmetric particle. Top squarks with masses between the top quark mass and 191 GeV are excluded at the 95% confidence level.

Pseudofermion dynamical theory for the spin dynamical correlation functions of the half-filled 1D Hubbard model

A modified version of the metallic-phase pseudofermion dynamical theory (PDT) of the 1D Hubbard model is introduced for the spin dynamical correlation functions of the half-filled 1D Hubbard model Mott– Hubbard phase. The Mott–Hubbard insulator phase PDT is applied to the study of the model longitudinal and transverse spin dynamical structure factors at finite magnetic field h, focusing in particular on the sin- gularities at excitation energies in the vicinity of the lower thresholds. The relation of our theoretical results to both condensed-matter and ultra-cold atom systems is discussed.

Measurement of the correlation between flow harmonics of different order in lead-lead collisions at root S-NN=2.76 TeV with the ATLAS detector

Correlations between the elliptic or triangular flow coefficients vm (m=2 or 3) and other flow harmonics vn (n=2 to 5) are measured using sNN−−−−√=2.76 TeV Pb+Pb collision data collected in 2010 by the ATLAS experiment at the LHC, corresponding to an integrated lumonisity of 7 μb−1. The vm-vn correlations are measured in midrapidity as a function of centrality, and, for events within the same centrality interval, as a function of event ellipticity or triangularity defined in a forward rapidity region. For events within the same centrality interval, v3 is found to be anticorrelated with v2 and this anticorrelation is consistent with similar anticorrelations between the corresponding eccentricities ϵ2 and ϵ3. On the other hand, it is observed that v4 increases strongly with v2, and v5 increases strongly with both v2 and v3. The trend and strength of the vm-vn correlations for n=4 and 5 are found to disagree with ϵm-ϵn correlations predicted by initial-geometry models. Instead, these correlations are found to be consistent with the combined effects of a linear contribution to vn and a nonlinear term that is a function of v22 or of v2v3, as predicted by hydrodynamic models. A simple two-component fit is used to separate these two contributions. The extracted linear and nonlinear contributions to v4 and v5 are found to be consistent with previously measured event-plane correlations.

Preoperative staging of rectal cancer with MRI: correlation with pathologic staging

[INTRODUCTION] An accurate preoperative rectal cancer staging is crucial to the correct management of the disease. Despite great controversy around this issue, pelvic magnetic resonance (RM) is said to be the imagiologic standard modality. This work aimed to evaluate magnetic resonance accuracy in preoperative rectal cancer staging comparing with the anatomopathological results. METHODS We calculated sensibility, specificity, positive (VP positive) and negative (VP negative) predictive values for each T and N. We evaluated the concordance between both methods of staging using the Cohen weighted K (Kw), and through ROC curves, we evaluated magnetic resonance accuracy in rectal cancer staging. RESULTS 41 patients met the inclusion criteria. We achieved an efficacy of 43.9% for T and 61% for N staging. The respective sensibility, specificity, positive and negative predictive values are 33.3%, 94.7%, 33.3% and 94.7% for T1; 62.5%, 32%, 37.0% and 57.1% for T2; 31.8%, 79%, 63.6% and 50% for T3 and 27.8%, 87%, 62.5% and 60.6% for N. We obtained a poor concordance for T and N staging and the anatomopathological results. The ROC curves indicated that magnetic resonance is ineffective in rectal cancer staging. CONCLUSION Magnetic resonance has a moderate efficacy in rectal cancer staging and the major difficulty is in differentiating T2 and T3.

The use of canonical correlation analysis to assess the relationship between executive functioning and verbal memory in older adults

Executive functioning (EF), which is considered to govern complex cognition, and verbal memory (VM) are constructs assumed to be related. However, it is not known the magnitude of the association between EF and VM, and how sociodemographic and psychological factors may affect this relationship, including in normal aging. In this study, we assessed different EF and VM parameters, via a battery of neurocognitive/psychological tests, and performed a Canonical Correlation Analysis (CCA) to explore the connection between these constructs, in a sample of middle- aged and older healthy individuals without cognitive impairment (N = 563, 50+ years of age). The analysis revealed a positive and moderate association between EF and VM independently of gender, age, education, global cognitive performance level, and mood. These results confirm that EF presents a significant association with VM performance.

Cardiac abnormalities in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. A prospective study with a clinical-pathological correlation in twenty-one adult patients

OBJECTIVE - To evaluate the cardiac abnormalities and their evolution during the course of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, as well as to correlate clinical and pathological data. METHODS - Twenty-one patients, admitted to the hospital with the diagnosis of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, were prospectively studied and followed until their death. Age ranged from 19 to 42 years (17 males). ECG and echocardiogram were also obtained every six months. After death, macro- and microscopic examinations were also performed. RESULTS - The most frequent causes of referral to the hospital were: diarrhea or repeated pneumonias, tuberculosis, toxoplasmosis or Kaposi sarcoma. The most frequent findings were acute or chronic pericarditis (42%) and dilated cardiomyopathy (19%). Four patients died of cardiac problems: infective endocarditis, pericarditis with pericardial effusion, bacterial myocarditis and infection by Toxoplasma gondii. CONCLUSION - Severe cardiac abnormalities were the cause of death in some patients. In the majority of the patients, a good correlation existed between clinical and anatomical-pathological data. Cardiac evaluation was important to detect early manifestations and treat them accordingly, even in asymptomatic patients.

Congestive heart failure. Correlation between functional class and systolic and diastolic functions assessed by Doppler echocardiography

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the influence of systolic or diastolic dysfunction, or both on congestive heart failure functional class. METHODS: Thirty-six consecutive patients with a clinical diagnosis of congestive heart failure with sinus rhythm, who were seen between September and November of 1998 answered an adapted questionnaire about tolerance to physical activity for the determination of NYHA functional class. The patients were studied with transthoracic Doppler echocardiography. Two groups were compared: group 1 (19 patients in functional classes I and II) and group 2 (17 patients in functional classes III and IV). RESULTS: The average ejection fraction was significantly higher in group 1 (44.84%±8.04% vs. 32.59%±11.48% with p=0.0007). The mean ratio of the initial/final maximum diastolic filling velocity (E/A) of the left ventricle was significantly smaller in group 1 (1.07±0.72 vs. 1.98±1.49 with p=0.03). The average maximum systolic pulmonary venous velocity (S) was significantly higher in group 1 (53.53cm/s ± 12.02cm/s vs. 43.41cm/s ± 13.55cm/s with p=0.02). The mean ratio of maximum systolic/diastolic pulmonary venous velocity was significantly higher in group 1 (1.52±0.48 vs. 1.08±0.48 with p=0.01). A predominance of pseudo-normal and restrictive diastolic patterns existed in group 2 (58.83% in group 2 vs. 21.06% in group 1 with p=0.03). CONCLUSION: Both the systolic dysfunction index and the patterns of diastolic dysfunction evaluated by Doppler echocardiography worsened with the evolution of congestive heart failure.

Correlation between turbidimetric and nephelometric methods of measuring C-reactive protein in patients with unstable angina or non-ST elevation acute myocardial infarction

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the performance of the turbidimetric method of C-reactive protein (CRP) as a measure of low-grade inflammation in patients admitted with non-ST elevation acute coronary syndromes (ACS). METHODS: Serum samples obtained at hospital arrival from 68 patients (66±11 years, 40 men), admitted with unstable angina or non-ST elevation acute myocardial infarction were used to measure CRP by the methods of nephelometry and turbidimetry. RESULTS: The medians of C-reactive protein by the turbidimetric and nephelometric methods were 0.5 mg/dL and 0.47 mg/dL, respectively. A strong linear association existed between the 2 methods, according to the regression coefficient (b=0.75; 95% C.I.=0.70-0.80) and correlation coefficient (r=0.96; P<0.001). The mean difference between the nephelometric and turbidimetric CRP was 0.02 ± 0.91 mg/dL, and 100% agreement between the methods in the detection of high CRP was observed. CONCLUSION: In patients with non-ST elevation ACS, CRP values obtained by turbidimetry show a strong linear association with the method of nephelometry and perfect agreement in the detection of high CRP.

Behavior of inflammatory markers of myocardial injury in cardiac surgery: laboratory correlation with the clinical picture of postpericardiotomy syndrome

OBJECTIVE: To verify the association of serum markers of myocardial injury, such as troponin I, creatinine kinase, and creatinine kinase isoenzyme MB, and inflammatory markers, such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), C-reactive protein, and the erythrocyte sedimentation rate in the perioperative period of cardiac surgery, with the occurrence of possible postpericardiotomy syndrome. METHODS: This was a cohort study with 96 patients undergoing cardiac surgery assessed at the following 4 different time periods: the day before surgery (D0); the 3rd postoperative day (D3); between the 7th and 10th postoperative days (D7-10); and the 30th postoperative day (D30). During each period, we evaluated demographic variables (sex and age), surgical variables (type and duration , extracorporeal circulation), and serum dosages of the markers of myocardial injury and inflammatory response. RESULTS: Of all patients, 12 (12.5%) met the clinical criteria for a diagnosis of postpericardiotomy syndrome, and their mean age was 10.3 years lower than the age of the others (P=0.02). The results of the serum markers for tissue injury and inflammatory response were not significantly different between the 2 assessed groups. No significant difference existed regarding either surgery duration or extracorporeal circulation. CONCLUSION: The patients who met the clinical criteria for postpericardiotomy syndrome were significantly younger than the others were. Serum markers for tissue injury and inflammatory response were not different in the clinically affected group, and did not correlate with the different types and duration of surgery or with extracorporeal circulation.

Métodos estadístico-computacionales para la caracterización de patrones de expresión de proteínas en 2D-DIGE

El volumen de datos provenientes de experimentos basados en genómica y poteómica es grande y de estructura compleja. Solo a través de un análisis bioinformático/bioestadístico eficiente es posible identificar y caracterizar perfiles de expresión de genes y proteínas que se expresan en forma diferencial bajo distintas condiciones experimentales (CE). El objetivo principal es extender las capacidades computacionales y analíticos de los softwares disponibles de análisis de este tipo de datos, en especial para aquellos aplicables a datos de electroforésis bidimensional diferencial (2D-DIGE). En DIGE el método estadístico más usado es la prueba t de Student cuya aplicación presupone una única fuente de variación y el cumplimiento de ciertos supuestos distribucionales de los datos (como independencia y homogeneidad de varianzas), los cuales no siempre se cumplen en la práctica, pudiendo conllevar a errores en las estimaciones e inferencias de los efectos de interés. Los modelos Generalizados lineales mixtos (GLMM) permiten no solo incorporar los efectos que, se asume, afectan la variación de la respuesta sino que también modelan estructuras de covarianzas y de correlaciones más afines a las que se presentan en la realidad, liberando del supuesto de independencia y de normalidad. Estos modelos, más complejos en esencia, simplificará el análisis debido a la modelización directa de los datos crudos sin la aplicación de transformaciones para lograr distribuciones más simétricas. Produciendo también a una estimación estadísticamente más eficiente de los efectos presentes y por tanto a una detección más certera de los genes/ proteínas involucrados en procesos biológicos de interés. La característica relevante de esta tecnología es que no se conoce a priori cuáles son las proteínas presentes. Estas son identificadas mediante otras técnicas más costosas una vez que se detectó un conjunto de manchas diferenciales sobre los geles 2DE. Por ende disminuir los falsos positivos es fundamental en la identificación de tales manchas ya que inducen a resultados erróneas y asociaciones biológica ficticias. Esto no solo se logrará mediante el desarrollo de técnicas de normalización que incorporen explícitamente las CE, sino también con el desarrollo de métodos que permitan salirse del supuesto de gaussianidad y evaluar otros supuestos distribucionales más adecuados para este tipo de datos. También, se desarrollarán técnicas de aprendizaje automática que mediante optimización de funciones de costo específicas nos permitan identificar el subconjunto de proteínas con mayor potencialidad diagnóstica. Este proyecto tiene una alta componente estadístico/bioinformática, pero creemos que es el campo de aplicación, es decir la genómica y la proteómica, los que mas se beneficiarán con los resultados esperados. Para tal fin se utilizarán diversas bases de datos de distintos experimentos provistos por distintos centros de investigación nacionales e internacionales

Métodos estadístico-computacionales para la caracterización de patrones de expresión de proteínas en 2D-DIGE.

El volumen de datos provenientes de experimentos basados en genómica y poteómica es grande y de estructura compleja. Solo a través de un análisis bioinformático/bioestadístico eficiente es posible identificar y caracterizar perfiles de expresión de genes y proteínas que se expresan en forma diferencial bajo distintas condiciones experimentales (CE). El objetivo principal es extender las capacidades computacionales y analíticos de los softwares disponibles de análisis de este tipo de datos, en especial para aquellos aplicables a datos de electroforésis bidimensional diferencial (2D-DIGE). En DIGE el método estadístico más usado es la prueba t de Student cuya aplicación presupone una única fuente de variación y el cumplimiento de ciertos supuestos distribucionales de los datos (como independencia y homogeneidad de varianzas), los cuales no siempre se cumplen en la práctica, pudiendo conllevar a errores en las estimaciones e inferencias de los efectos de interés. Los modelos Generalizados lineales mixtos (GLMM) permiten no solo incorporar los efectos que, se asume, afectan la variación de la respuesta sino que también modelan estructuras de covarianzas y de correlaciones más afines a las que se presentan en la realidad, liberando del supuesto de independencia y de normalidad. Estos modelos, más complejos en esencia, simplificarán el análisis debido a la modelización directa de los datos crudos sin la aplicación de transformaciones para lograr distribuciones más simétricas,produciendo también a una estimación estadísticamente más eficiente de los efectos presentes y por tanto a una detección más certera de los genes/proteínas involucrados en procesos biológicos de interés. La característica relevante de esta tecnología es que no se conoce a priori cuáles son las proteínas presentes. Estas son identificadas mediante otras técnicas más costosas una vez que se detectó un conjunto de manchas diferenciales sobre los geles 2DE. Por ende disminuir los falsos positivos es fundamental en la identificación de tales manchas ya que inducen a resultados erróneas y asociaciones biológica ficticias. Esto no solo se logrará mediante el desarrollo de técnicas de normalización que incorporen explícitamente las CE, sino también con el desarrollo de métodos que permitan salirse del supuesto de gaussianidad y evaluar otros supuestos distribucionales más adecuados para este tipo de datos. También, se desarrollarán técnicas de aprendizaje automática que mediante optimización de funciones de costo específicas nos permitan identificar el subconjunto de proteínas con mayor potencialidad diagnóstica. Este proyecto tiene un alto componente estadístico/bioinformática, pero creemos que es el campo de aplicación, es decir la genómica y la proteómica, los que más se beneficiarán con los resultados esperados. Para tal fin se utilizarán diversas bases de datos de distintos experimentos provistos por distintos centros de investigación nacionales e internacionales.

Acoustic emission analysis of the effect of a 2D wedge shaped blade on the compact bone cutting process

Surgeons may use a number of cutting instruments such as osteotomes and chisels to cut bone during an operative procedure. The initial loading of cortical bone during the cutting process results in the formation of microcracks in the vicinity of the cutting zone with main crack propagation to failure occuring with continued loading. When a material cracks, energy is emitted in the form of Acoustic Emission (AE) signals that spread in all directions, therefore, AE transducers can be used to monitor the occurrence and development of microcracking and crack propagation in cortical bone. In this research, number of AE signals (hits) and related parameters including amplitude, duration and absolute energy (abs-energy) were recorded during the indentation cutting process by a wedge blade on cortical bone specimens. The cutting force was also measured to correlate between load-displacement curves and the output from the AE sensor. The results from experiments show AE signals increase substantially during the loading just prior to fracture between 90% and 100% of maximum fracture load. Furthermore, an amplitude threshold value of 64dB (with approximate abs-energy of 1500 aJ) was established to saparate AE signals associated with microcracking (41 – 64dB) from fracture related signals (65 – 98dB). The results also demonstrated that the complete fracture event which had the highest duration value can be distinguished from other growing macrocracks which did not lead to catastrophic fracture. It was observed that the main crack initiation may be detected by capturing a high amplitude signal at a mean load value of 87% of maximum load and unsteady crack propagation may occur just prior to final fracture event at a mean load value of 96% of maximum load. The author concludes that the AE method is useful in understanding the crack initiation and fracture during the indentation cutting process.

The physiology of plants; a treatise upon the metabolism and sources of energy in plants, by Dr. W. Pfeffer ... 2d fully rev. ed., translated and edited by Alfred J. Ewart.

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The physiology of plants; a treatise upon the metabolism and sources of energy in plants, by Dr. W. Pfeffer ... 2d fully rev. ed., translated and edited by Alfred J. Ewart.

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