Lithogenic and biogenic daily and annual particle fluxes on the Lomonosov Ridge of trap LOMO-2

Investigations of lithogenic and biogenic particle fluxes using long-term sediment traps are still very rare in the northern high latitudes and restricted to the arctic marginal seas and sub-arctic regions. Here, for the first time, data on the variability of fluxes of lithogenic matter, carbonate, opal, and organic carbon as well as biomarker composition from the central Arctic Ocean are presented for a one-year period. The study has been carried out on material obtained from a long-term mooring system equipped with two multi-sampling-traps (150 and 1550 m water depth) and deployed on the southern Lomonosov Ridge close to the Laptev Sea continental margin from September 1995 to August 1996. In addition, data from surface-sediments were included in the study to get more information about the flux and sedimentation of organic carbon in this area. Annual fluxes of lithogenic matter, carbonate, opal, and particulate organic carbon are 3.9 g/m**2/y, 0.8 g/m**2/y, 2.6 g/m**2/y, 1.5 g/m**2/y, respectively, at the shallow trap and 11.3 g/m**2/y, 0.5 g/m**2/y, 2.9 g/m**2/y, 1.05 g/m**2/y, respectively, at the deep trap. Both the shallow as well as the deep trap show significant differences in vertical flux values over the year. Higher values were found from mid-July to end of October (total flux of 75-130 mg/m**2/d in the shallow trap and 40-225 mg/m**2/d in the deep trap, respectively). During all other months, fluxes were fairly low in both traps (most total flux values <10 mg/m**2/d1). The interval of increased fluxes can be separated into (1) a mid-July/August maximum caused by increased primary production as documented in high abundances of marine biomarkers and diatoms, and (2) a September/October (absolute) maximum caused by increased influence of Lena river discharge indicated by maximum lithogenic flux and high portions of terrigenous/fluvial biomarkers in both traps. Here, total fluxes in the deep trap were significantly higher than in the shallow trap, suggesting a lateral sediment flux at greater depth. The lithogenic flux data also support the importance of sediment input from the Laptev Sea for the sediment accumulation on the Lomonosov Ridge on geological time scales, as indicated in sedimentary records from this region.

œuvres de Mr. Turgot, ministre d'état, précédées et accompagnées de Mémoires et de notes sur sa vie, son administration et ses ouvrages ...

Vol. 1: Mémoires sur la vie, l'administration et les ouvrages de M. Turgot, by the editor, Dupont de Nemours.

Répertoire des livres d'occasion en vente à la librairie Lucien Dorbon ...

Half title, binder's title: Repertoire de la Librairie Lucien Dorbon.

No 1, 2, 3 of Haydn's grand symphonies : composed for Mr Salomon's concerts /

1. C major (M.97) -- 2. D major (M.93) -- 3. G major (M.94)

Oeuvres complètes : mises en ordre, revues et annotées d'après les manuscrits de l'auteur.

t.1. 2. éd., 1862.--t.2. 2. éd., 1862.--t.3. 3. éd., 1864.--t.4. 2. éd., 1863.--t.5. 2. éd., 1863.--t.6. 5. éd., 1864.--t.7. 1864.

Catalogue des factums et d'autres documents judiciaires anterieurs a 1790 /

Vol. 10 has imprint: Paris, Editions des Bibliotheques nationales.

Mémoires d'une contemporaine; ou, Souvenirs d'une femme sur les principaux personnages de la république, du consulat, de l'empire, etc. ...

"Lettres inédites de Napoléon Bonaparte, général en chef de l'armée d'Italie": v. 2, p. [347]-395.

The efficacy of a vitamin D-3 metabolite for improving the myofibrillar tenderness of meat from Bos indicus cattle

The influence of a once only administration of a metabolite of vitamin D-3 (HY center dot D-(R)-25-hydroxy vitamin D-3) on myofibrillar meat tenderness in Australian Brahman cattle was studied. Ninety-six Brahman steers of three phenotypes (indo-Brazil, US and US/European) and with two previous hormonal growth promotant (HGP) histories (implanted or not implanted with Compudose((R))) were fed a standard feedlot ration for 70 d. Treatment groups of 24 steers were offered daily 10 g/head HY center dot D-(R) (125 mg 25-hydroxyvitamin D-3) for 6, 4, or 2 d before slaughter. One other group of 24 steers was given the basal diet without HY center dot D-(R). Feed lot performance, blood and muscle samples and carcass quality data were collected at slaughter. Calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium, iron and Vitamin D-3 metabolites were measured in plasma and longissimus dorsi muscle. Warner-Bratzler (WB) shear force (peak force, initial yield) and other objective meat quality measurements were made on the longissimus dorsi muscle of each steer after ageing for 1, 7 and 14 d post-mortem at 0-2 degrees C. There were no significant effects of HY center dot D-(R) supplements on average daily gain (ADG, 1.28-1.45 kg/d) over the experimental period. HY center dot D-(R) supplements given 6 d prior to slaughter resulted in significantly higher (P < 0.05) initial yield values compared to supplements given 2 d prior to slaughter. Supplementation had no significant effect on meat colour, ultimate pH, sarcomere length, cooking loss, instron compression or peak force. There was a significant treatment (HY center dot D-(R)) by phenotype/HGP interaction for peak force (P = 0.028), in which Indo-Brazil steers without previous HGP treatment responded positively (increased tenderness) to HY center dot D-(R) supplements at 2 d when compared with Indo-Brazil steers previously given HGP. There were no significant effects of treatment on other phenotypes. HY center dot D-(R) supplements did not affect muscle or plasma concentrations of calcium, potassium or sodium, but did significantly decrease plasma magnesium and iron concentrations when given 2 d before slaughter. There were no detectable amounts of 25-hydroxyvitamin D-3 in the blood or muscle of any cattle at slaughter. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

On the statistical analysis of the GS-NS0 cell proteome: Imputation, clustering and variability testing

We have undertaken two-dimensional gel electrophoresis proteomic profiling on a series of cell lines with different recombinant antibody production rates. Due to the nature of gel-based experiments not all protein spots are detected across all samples in an experiment, and hence datasets are invariably incomplete. New approaches are therefore required for the analysis of such graduated datasets. We approached this problem in two ways. Firstly, we applied a missing value imputation technique to calculate missing data points. Secondly, we combined a singular value decomposition based hierarchical clustering with the expression variability test to identify protein spots whose expression correlates with increased antibody production. The results have shown that while imputation of missing data was a useful method to improve the statistical analysis of such data sets, this was of limited use in differentiating between the samples investigated, and highlighted a small number of candidate proteins for further investigation. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Implementation of particle-scale rotation in the 3-d Lattice Solid Model

In this study, 3-D Lattice Solid Model (LSMearth or LSM) was extended by introducing particle-scale rotation. In the new model, for each 3-D particle, we introduce six degrees of freedom: Three for translational motion, and three for orientation. Six kinds of relative motions are permitted between two neighboring particles, and six interactions are transferred, i.e., radial, two shearing forces, twisting and two bending torques. By using quaternion algebra, relative rotation between two particles is decomposed into two sequence-independent rotations such that all interactions due to the relative motions between interactive rigid bodies can be uniquely decided. After incorporating this mechanism and introducing bond breaking under torsion and bending into the LSM, several tests on 2-D and 3-D rock failure under uni-axial compression are carried out. Compared with the simulations without the single particle rotational mechanism, the new simulation results match more closely experimental results of rock fracture and hence, are encouraging. Since more parameters are introduced, an approach for choosing the new parameters is presented.

Depth propagation and surface construction in 3-D vision

In stereo vision, regions with ambiguous or unspecified disparity can acquire perceived depth from unambiguous regions. This has been called stereo capture, depth interpolation or surface completion. We studied some striking induced depth effects suggesting that depth interpolation and surface completion are distinct stages of visual processing. An inducing texture (2-D Gaussian noise) had sinusoidal modulation of disparity, creating a smooth horizontal corrugation. The central region of this surface was replaced by various test patterns whose perceived corrugation was measured. When the test image was horizontal 1-D noise, shown to one eye or to both eyes without disparity, it appeared corrugated in much the same way as the disparity-modulated (DM) flanking regions. But when the test image was 2-D noise, or vertical 1-D noise, little or no depth was induced. This suggests that horizontal orientation was a key factor. For a horizontal sine-wave luminance grating, strong depth was induced, but for a square-wave grating, depth was induced only when its edges were aligned with the peaks and troughs of the DM flanking surface. These and related results suggest that disparity (or local depth) propagates along horizontal 1-D features, and then a 3-D surface is constructed from the depth samples acquired. The shape of the constructed surface can be different from the inducer, and so surface construction appears to operate on the results of a more local depth propagation process.

Depth propagation and surface construction in 3-D vision

Motion discontinuities can signal object boundaries where few or no other cues, such as luminance, colour, or texture, are available. Hence, motion-defined contours are an ecologically important counterpart to luminance contours. We developed a novel motion-defined Gabor stimulus to investigate the nature of neural operators analysing visual motion fields in order to draw parallels with known luminance operators. Luminance-defined Gabors have been successfully used to discern the spatial-extent and spatial-frequency specificity of possible visual contour detectors. We now extend these studies into the motion domain. We define a stimulus using limited-lifetime moving dots whose velocity is described over 2-D space by a Gabor pattern surrounded by randomly moving dots. Participants were asked to determine whether the orientation of the Gabor pattern (and hence of the motion contours) was vertical or horizontal in a 2AFC task, and the proportion of correct responses was recorded. We found that with practice participants became highly proficient at this task, able in certain cases to reach 90% accuracy with only 12 limited-lifetime dots. However, for both practised and novice participants we found that the ability to detect a single boundary saturates with the size of the Gaussian envelope of the Gabor at approximately 5 deg full-width at half-height. At this optimal size we then varied spatial frequency and found the optimum was at the lowest measured spatial frequency (0.1 cycle deg-1 ) and then steadily decreased with higher spatial frequencies, suggesting that motion contour detectors may be specifically tuned to a single, isolated edge.

The Darboux Problem for a Class of 3-D Weakly Hyperbolic Equations

Недю Попиванов, Цветан Христов - Изследвани са някои тримерни аналози на задачата на Дарбу в равнината. През 1952 М. Протер формулира нови тримерни гранични задачи както за клас слабо хиперболични уравнения, така и за някои хиперболично-елиптични уравнения. За разлика от коректността на двумерната задача на Дарбу, новите задачи са некоректни. За слабо хиперболични уравнения, съдържащи младши членове, ние намираме достатъчни условия както за съществуване и единственост на обобщени решения с изолирана степенна особеност, така и за единственост на квази-регулярни решения на задачата на Протер.

Accurate estimation of isoelectric point of protein and peptide based on amino acid sequences

Motivation: In any macromolecular polyprotic system - for example protein, DNA or RNA - the isoelectric point - commonly referred to as the pI - can be defined as the point of singularity in a titration curve, corresponding to the solution pH value at which the net overall surface charge - and thus the electrophoretic mobility - of the ampholyte sums to zero. Different modern analytical biochemistry and proteomics methods depend on the isoelectric point as a principal feature for protein and peptide characterization. Protein separation by isoelectric point is a critical part of 2-D gel electrophoresis, a key precursor of proteomics, where discrete spots can be digested in-gel, and proteins subsequently identified by analytical mass spectrometry. Peptide fractionation according to their pI is also widely used in current proteomics sample preparation procedures previous to the LC-MS/MS analysis. Therefore accurate theoretical prediction of pI would expedite such analysis. While such pI calculation is widely used, it remains largely untested, motivating our efforts to benchmark pI prediction methods. Results: Using data from the database PIP-DB and one publically available dataset as our reference gold standard, we have undertaken the benchmarking of pI calculation methods. We find that methods vary in their accuracy and are highly sensitive to the choice of basis set. The machine-learning algorithms, especially the SVM-based algorithm, showed a superior performance when studying peptide mixtures. In general, learning-based pI prediction methods (such as Cofactor, SVM and Branca) require a large training dataset and their resulting performance will strongly depend of the quality of that data. In contrast with Iterative methods, machine-learning algorithms have the advantage of being able to add new features to improve the accuracy of prediction. Contact: yperez@ebi.ac.uk Availability and Implementation: The software and data are freely available at https://github.com/ypriverol/pIR. Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.

Mechanistic studies on the degradation of gasoline oxygenates by advanced oxidation technologies and the reaction of 4-methyl-1,2,4-triazoline-3,5-dione with tetracyclopropylethylene

Gasoline oxygenates (MTBE, methyl tert-butyl ether; DIPE, di-isopropyl ether; ETBE, ethyl tert-butyl ether; TAME, tert-amyl ether) are added to gasoline to boost octane and enhance combustion. The combination of large scale use, high water solubility and only minor biodegradability has now resulted in a significant gasoline oxygenate contamination occurring in surface, ground, and drinking water systems. Combination of hydroxyl radical formation and the pyrolytic environment generated by ultrasonic irradiation (665 kHz) leads to the rapid degradation of MTBE and other gasoline oxygenates in aqueous media. ^ The presence of oxygen promotes the degradation processes by rapid reaction with carbon centered radicals indicating radical processes involving O 2 are significant pathways. A number of the oxidation products were identified. The formation of products (alcohols, ketones, aldehydes, esters, peroxides, etc) could be rationalized by mechanisms which involve hydrogen abstraction by OH radical and/or pyrolysis to form carboncentered radicals which react with oxygen and follow standard oxidation chain processes. ^ The reactions of N-substituted R-triazolinediones (RTAD; R = CH 3 or phenyl) have attracted considerable interest because they exhibit a number of unusual mechanistic characteristics that are analogous to the reactions of singlet oxygen (1O2) and offer an easy way to provide C-N bond(s) formation. The reactions of triazolinedione with olefins have been widely studied and aziridinium imides are generally accepted to be the reactive intermediates. ^ We observed the rapid formation of an unusual intermediate upon mixing tetracyclopropylethylene with 4-methyl-1,2,4-triazoline-3,5-dione in CDCl 3. Detailed characterization by NMR (proton, 13C, 2-D NMRs) indicates the intermediate is 5,5,6,6-tetracyclopropyl-3-methyl-5,6-dihydro-oxazolo[3,2- b][1,2,4]-triazolium-2-olate. Such products are extremely rare and have not been studied. Upon warming the intermediate is converted to 2 + 2 diazetidine (major) and ene product (minor). ^ To further explore the kinetics and dynamics of the reaction activation energies were obtained using Arrhenius plots. Activation energies for the formation of the intermediate from reactants, and 2+2 adduct from the intermediate were determined as 7.48 kcal moll and 19.8 kcal mol−1 with their pre-exponential values of 2.24 × 105 dm 3 mol−1 sec−1 and 2.75 × 108 sec−1, respectively, meaning net slow reactions because of low pre-exponential values caused by steric hindrance. ^