Consumo e custo de energia elétrica na cultura de citros irrigado por gotejamento e microaspersão, com três lâminas de água

The objective of this work was to analyze the consumption, electric energy cost, and economic results of irrigated citrus (Citrus sinensis). The treatments consisted of a dripping irrigation system with one and two lateral distribution lines, a micro sprinkler irrigation system and a treatment without irrigation. For each irrigation system, three water depths were used: 100%, 75% and 50% of Etc (citrus evapotranspiration). The electric energy cost for two tariff groups, Group A and Group B, was studied. For Group A, the expenses with energy were determined for the Conventional Binomial Structure tariff, the Hour-seasonal tariff (green and blue) and the special tariff for nocturnal irrigation. The kWh cost for the tariff systems were obtained from the website of CPFL (São Paulo State Power and Light Company, Brazil). The best relation between the electric energy consumption (kWh.ha -1) and productivity (t.ha -1) occurred in the treatment irrigated with 50% of the Etc. The irrigated treatments increased productivity. The biggest productivity was observed in the irrigation treatments with 50% of the Etc when compared to the ones with 100% of the Etc. The blue and green Hour-seasonal tariff system of Group A (nocturnal irrigation) was the best option. A biggest economic turnover occurred in the treatments irrigated with 50% of the Etc.

Fungigação no controle do mofo branco e produtividade do feijoeiro em condições de cerrado brasileiro

The aim of this research was to evaluate the white mold severity (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) of Bary), bean production components and yield (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), variety Perola, according to the application of procimidone fungicide (Sialex 500), through fungigation (center pivot) and automotive sprayer (Uniport). The study was carried under field production commercial conditions, in Primavera do Leste - MT - Brazil. The experiment consisted of 5 treatments (with 4 repetitions of 4 ha each), all with two procimidone applications (1.2 kg ha-1 each application, same as, 0.6 kg a.i. per hectare) to the 42 and 52 days after seeding. The water depths of 5.5 and 11.0 mm were tested in the application through central pivot (this had your checked uniformity), providing volumes of 55.000 and 110.000 L ha-1, respectively, and the volumes of 120 and 200 L ha-1 in the automotive sprayer. The severity of disease was evaluated by the percentage of the area affected by plant damage using diagramatic grade scale of white mold severity, as described by Azevedo (1998). The values were used to calculate the area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC). They were also analyzed, the number of the fungus apothecia during the crop cycle and the residual sclerotias weight in harvest. On this occasion, it was also evaluated the crop yield parameters: number of plants per plot (final stand), pods per plant, grains per pod, medium weight of 200 grains and productivity of grains. The AUDPC values, apothecia to 42, 49 and 56 days after seeding, sclerotias in 2 soil kg and the crop productivity parameters were submitted to the variance analysis and Tukey Test at 0.05 of probability. This test was also applied in the comparison among the different fungicide application methods, independent of spray volumes in each one. The statistical processing was accomplished by STAT program. The results showed that weren't differences among application techniques studied in relation to productivity parameters, however, best white mold control, smaller apothecia number to 49 and 56 days after seeding and smaller weight of residual sclerotias in the harvest were obtained with the fungigation, independently of the spray volume used.

Situação da agricultura irrigada no Brasil de acordo com o censo agropecuário 2006

Knowledge about irrigated agricultural area and its geographical distribution are of great importance to water resources management. Evolution of irrigated area according to the irrigation method allows an identification of rational water technologies. The aim of this work was to analyze the information presented in the agricultural census of 1995/1996 and of 2006. Brazil has an area of 4.45 million cultivated hectares with irrigation. It is noticed that according to the 1995/1996 census, the irrigated area increased 1.3 million hectares, a growth of 42%. The Southeast region surpasses the South region which had, in 1995/96, the largest irrigated area. The Northeast region is the third irrigated agricultural area with 22.12 %, while the Central-west and the Northern region together sum 14.7%. According to the agricultural census 2006 classification, sprinkler irrigation (without center pivot) method is the most used,followed by flood, center pivot, other methods, drip and furrow, representing 35.3%, 24.4%, 18.9%, 8.3%, 7.4% and 5.8%, respectively.

Supressão de água em diferentes fases fenológicas do feijoeiro (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is widespread in the Brazilian social and economic scene. The hypothesis is that if the water supply is suppressed in just one of the five development stages of irrigated beans, it can result in yield reduction lower than 20%, allowing water economy. The objective of this study was to compare the performance of bean Carioca group IAC Alvorada yield components, with irrigation suppression in each of the five phenological phases (emergence, vegetative, flowering, grain filling and maturation) and no irrigation and irrigated in all stages. The study was conducted at Agronomical Sciences College, UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil. The statistical design was the randomized block with seven treatments and four replications. Data were subjected to analysis of variance and t test at 5% probability. A rainfall event (58 mm) after planting allowed the successful emergence of seedling beans in plots where water would not be applied. The yield components were higher affect when there was irrigation's suppression at Vegetative phase and at Flowering phase. The treatments where occurred irrigation suppression at Maturation and at Emergence showed yield reduction of less than 20%, proving the hypothesis.

Análise das tensões de água no solo cultivado com morangueiro sob poda

Strawberry yield and quality was evaluated after drastic pruning (second cycle), under different soil water tensions, drip irrigation. The experiment was conducted on beds at a greenhouse, located at Engineering Department, Federal University of Lavras (UFLA), from April to December of 2010. An experimental design was in randomized blocks with three replicates. The treatments were composed of six different soil water tension, 15, 25, 35, 45, 55 e 70 kPa. Results obtained allowed to verify that to higher values of: total and commercial fresh weight of fruits per plant, total and commercial number fruits per plant and total and commercial yield, it is necessary to irrigate when soil water tension gets approximately to 15 kPa, at 0.15 m deep. Commercial average fruit mass and noncommercial fresh weight of fruits per plant, were not reduced under different soil water tensions applied.

Coeficientes de cultura para a melancieira irrigada por gotejamento no Vale do Gurgueia - PI

The aim of this work was to determine crop coefficients (Kc) of drip irrigated watermelon in the climatic and growing conditions of the Gurgueia Vale, State of Piaui, Brazil, located at 8 ° 26' S, 43 ° 47' W and altitude of 251 m. The reference evapotranspiration (ET0) was determined by the sum of hourly values of ET0 obtained by the Penman-Monteith method parameterized by FAO with climatic data obtained from an automatic weather station. The daily crop evapotranspiration (ETc) was measured by three weighing lysimeters of load cells. Aiming high fruit yield in this region, we recommend that the following local values of Kc and Kcb be used for planning and management of irrigation, respectively: initial stage (crop establishment) - 0.34 and 0.24; intermediate stage (growth and fruit maturation) - 1.16 and 1.10; end stage (harvest) - 0.93 and 0.86. These Kc values of initial and intermediate phases are statistically higher than the values of Kc and Kcb already adjusted according to the methodology presented in the FAO Irrigation and Drainage Paper 56. The values of Kc and Kcb at the end phase are not statistically different from the FAO values.

Efeitos fisiológicos da piraclostrobina em plantas de feijão (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) condicionado sob diferentes tensões de água no solo

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Efeito da fitomassa do milheto sobre as propriedades físicas e químicas de um nitossolo vermelho e na produtividade da soja cultivada em sistema de semeadura direta em Botucatu-SP

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Agricultura) - FCA

Análise da produtividade e viabilidade econômica de quatro sistemas de berçários do camarão-da-Amazônia, Macrobrachium amazonicum

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Doses de N e K aplicadas via fertirrigação e espaçamento entre plantas influenciando o desenvolvimento, a produtividade e as relações hídricas em melancieira com e sem sementes

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Atributos de latossolos e produtividade da cana-de-açúcar em decorrência da diversificação de culturas no período de reforma do canavial

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Ciência do Solo) - FCAV

Análise comparativa da viabilidade econômica da utilização de coletores solar para aquecimento de água

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Energia na Agricultura) - FCA

Efeito do tráfego agrícola na produtividade da cultura de cana-de-açúcar (Saccharum spp.) nos espaçamentos 1,4 e 1,5m

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Energia na Agricultura) - FCA

Qualidade da água utilizada para irrigação de hortaliças na região de Botucatu - SP e saúde pública

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Distribuição do sistema radicular e produtividade de cana-de-açúcar (Saccharum spp.) fertirrigada por gotejamento subsuperficial

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)