Using mobile devices to enhance undergraduate field research

Mobile devices can enhance undergraduate research projects and students’ research capabilities. The use of mobile devices such as tablet computers will not automatically make undergraduates better researchers, but their use should make investigations, writing, and publishing more effective and may even save students time. We have explored some of the possibilities of using “tablets” and “smartphones” to aid the research and inquiry process in geography and bioscience fieldwork. We provide two case studies as illustration of how students working in small research groups use mobile devices to gather and analyze primary data in field-based inquiry. Since April 2010, Apple’s iPad has changed the way people behave in the digital world and how they access their music, watch videos, or read their email much as the entrepreneurs Steve Jobs and Jonathan Ive intended. Now with “apps” and “the cloud” and the ubiquitous references to them appearing in the press and on TV, academics’ use of tablets is also having an impact on education and research. In our discussion we will refer to use of smartphones such as the iPhone, iPod, and Android devices under the term “tablet”. Android and Microsoft devices may not offer the same facilities as the iPad/iphone, but many app producers now provide versions for several operating systems. Smartphones are becoming more affordable and ubiquitous (Melhuish and Falloon 2010), but a recent study of undergraduate students (Woodcock et al. 2012, 1) found that many students who own smartphones are “largely unaware of their potential to support learning”. Importantly, however, students were found to be “interested in and open to the potential as they become familiar with the possibilities” (Woodcock et al. 2012). Smartphones and iPads could be better utilized than laptops when conducting research in the field because of their portability (Welsh and France 2012). It is imperative for faculty to provide their students with opportunities to discover and employ the potential uses of mobile devices in their learning. However, it is not only the convenience of the iPad or tablet devices or smartphones we wish to promote, but also a way of thinking and behaving digitally. We essentially suggest that making a tablet the center of research increases the connections between related research activities.

Ability of students to recognize the relationship between using mobile apps for learning during fieldwork and the development of graduate attributes

The increasing importance of employability in Higher Education curricula and the prevalence of using mobile devices for fieldbased learning prompted an investigation into student awareness of the relationship between the use of mobile apps for learning and the development of graduate attributes (GAs) (and the link to employability). The results from post-fieldwork focus groups from four field courses indicated that students could make clear links between the use of a variety of mobile apps and graduate attribute development. The study suggests a number of mobile apps can align simultaneously with more than one graduate attribute. Furthermore, prior experience and the context of use can influence students’ perceptions of an app and its link with different GAs.

Effectiveness of mobile apps in teaching field-based identification skills

It has been suggested that few students graduate with the skills required for many ecological careers, as field-based learning is said to be in decline in academic institutions. Here, we asked if mobile technology could improve field-based learning, using ability to identify birds as the study metric. We divided a class of ninety-one undergraduate students into two groups for field-based sessions where they were taught bird identification skills. The first group has access to a traditional identification book and the second group were provided with an identification app. We found no difference between the groups in the ability of students to identify birds after three field sessions. Furthermore, we found that students using the traditional book were significantly more likely to identify novel species. Therefore, we find no evidence that mobile technology improved students’ ability to retain what they experienced in the field; indeed, there is evidence that traditional field guides were more useful to students as they attempted to identify new species. Nevertheless, students felt positively about using their own smartphone devices for learning, highlighting that while apps did not lead to an improvement in bird identification ability, they gave greater accessibility to relevant information outside allocated teaching times.

Design and use of mobile technology in distance language education : Matching learning practices with technologies-in-practice

This thesis focuses on the adaptation of formal education to people’s technology- use patterns, theirtechnology-in-practice, where the ubiquitous use of mobile technologies is central. The research question is: How can language learning practices occuring in informal learning environments be effectively integrated with formal education through the use of mobile technology? The study investigates the technical, pedagogical, social and cultural challenges involved in a design science approach. The thesis consists of four studies. The first study systematises MALL (mobile-assisted language learning) research. The second investigates Swedish and Chinese students’ attitudes towards the use of mobile technology in education. The third examines students’ use of technology in an online language course, with a specific focus on their learning practices in informal learning contexts and their understanding of how this use guides their learning. Based on the findings, a specifically designed MALL application was built and used in two courses. Study four analyses the app use in terms of students’ perceived level of self-regulation and structuration. The studies show that technology itself plays a very important role in reshaping peoples’ attitudes and that new learning methods are coconstructed in a sociotechnical system. Technology’s influence on student practices is equally strong across borders. Students’ established technologies-in-practice guide the ways they approach learning. Hence, designing effective online distance education involves three interrelated elements: technology, information, and social arrangements. This thesis contributes to mobile learning research by offering empirically and theoretically grounded insights that shift the focus from technology design to design of information systems.

Market entry of an innovative technology : the example of a new app on the Brazilian tourism market

The Brazilian start-up Local Wander plans to enter the tourism sector with a mobile application aiming to enable a new form of travel research. A web-based survey has been sent out to the start-up’s target audience (n: 236) in order to gain further relevant information for the designing of Local Wander’s market entry strategy. By applying the diffusion of innovation theory, this thesis could detect five different adopter categories, originally described by Rogers (1962), among Local Wander’s target audience based on their adoption intention. The Early Market was observed to be significantly bigger than the theory predicted. Research revealed four characteristics to be of significant impact on the adoption intention: Relative Perceived Product Advantage, Perceived Product Complexity, Compatibility with digital travel research sources, and the adopter’s Innovativeness towards mobile applications. Specific characteristics in order to identify Local Wander’s early users, the so called Innovators, were detected giving indications for further necessary company market research. Findings showed that the diffusion of innovation framework is a helpful tool for start-ups’ prospective decision making and market entry strategy planning.

O uso do móbile marketing como estratégia de fidelização de clientes :um estudo e empresas do setor de comércio e serviços em natal-RN

This study aims to understand the effects of the mobile marketing use as a relationships tool for companies that operate locally, because of the lack of information about this new marketing tool, as well as the scarcity of studies in this area. This is an exploratory and qualitatively study, based on primary sources, raised through books, articles in the marketing area and the telecommunications industry organs as well as secondary sources. With the purpose to look into the issue, a semi-structured interview is made with the companies managers of the sectors of trade and services in Natal-RN. The advances in technology allow an important discussion focused on the marketing in the new communication technologies scenario. It appears that the mobile marketing adoption and use by local companies is already a reality and companies are awake to changes and technological innovations accessible, especially the mobile telephony as well as convergence with other media. There is, however, that the use of technologies offered by mobile marketing is still limited to the sending of text messages (SMS), despite the numerous possibilities of it use. Moreover, the results obtained with mobile marketing use show that companies can identify them, but there is no effective monitoring in quantity and financial terms. Only affect sales growth and support for progress in loyalty with customers. It shows up that the mentality of not measuring the results still in the plan of changes and technological innovations. The data allow saying that the mobile marketing is a reality, however has not yet signed as a tool for carrying out campaigns and marketing tool for loyalty of customers, despite presenting a wide range of possibilities to streamline and make more effective the marketing businesses process

Reducing the gap between mobile and intelligent software agents

This paper presents an approach to integrate an artificial intelligence (AI) technique, concretely rule-based processing, into mobile agents. In particular, it focuses on the aspects of designing and implementing an appropriate inference engine of small size to reduce migration costs. The main goal is combine two lines of agent research, First, the engineering oriented approach on mobile agent architectures, and, second, the AI related approach on inference engines driven by rules expressed in a restricted subset of first-order predicate logic (FOPL). In addition to size reduction, the main functions of this type of engine were isolated, generalized and implemented as dynamic components, making possible not only their migration with the agent, but also their dynamic migration and loading on demand. A set of classes for representing and exchanging knowledge between rule-based systems was also proposed.

Paraconsistent Autonomous Mobile Robot Emmy III

This work presents some improvements regarding to the autonomous mobile robot Emmy based on Paraconsistent Annotated Evidential Logic ET. A discussion on navigation system is presented.

Modelo estatístico para aplicações no planejamento de sistemas móveis celulares em ambiente indoor multifontes

O projeto de sistemas de comunicações móveis requer o conhecimento do ambiente em que será implementado. Para tanto, busca-se a exatidão na predição de propagação do sinal através do uso de modelos de predição. O presente trabalho propõe um modelo empírico para a estimativa da intensidade de sinal recebida em ambientes indoor, e que apresentam mais de uma fonte transmissora, utilizando Sistema de Antenas Distribuídas (DAS). O método apresenta uma generalização para o caso de múltiplas fontes, também chamado multifontes, e como caso particular com apenas uma fonte. A modelagem é feita através do uso de radiais partindo de cada transmissor, com o intuito de considerar a variabilidade do sinal em ambientes indoor. Estas várias perturbações no sinal, que causam desvanecimento rápido são caracterizadas através das distribuições estatísticas de desvanecimento. As mais utilizadas como a de Rayleigh, Rice e Nakagami são apresentadas para caracterização do canal, além dessas são calculadas as distribuições recentemente desenvolvidas, de Kappa-mi e Eta-mi. Para a validação do modelo realizaram-se campanhas de medições em um shopping center, que possui um DAS, com o teste em dois ambientes distintos, um supermercado e uma praça de alimentação. As simulações são realizadas no software MATLAB® e o desempenho dos resultados avaliados através do cálculo dos erros absoluto, desvio padrão e erro rms.

Planejamento de redes de comunicação sem fio para ambiente indoor considerando os efeitos da polarização das antenas: abordagem baseada em medições

Uma das principais aplicações de ondas eletromagnéticas, na atualidade, na área de telecomunicações trata dos enlaces em sistemas móveis sem fio. Sejam estes terrestres (indoor/outdoor) ou via satélites, o projetista do sistema de telecomunicações tem que ser capaz de determinar os sistemas irradiantes, as potências envolvidas, a frequência de operação do sistema, a área de cobertura e os parâmetros de qualidade do serviço. O planejamento das novas redes de comunicações sem fio representa um grande desafio ao incluir serviços cada vez mais avançados com diferentes requisitos de qualidade, suporte a mobilidade, altas taxas de transmissão e capacidades elevadas de tráfego. Os diversos ambientes nos quais essas redes operam, os fenômenos associados produzem diversos efeitos no comportamento do sinal recebido e, consequentemente, uma variação no desempenho do enlace de comunicação entre os pontos de acesso, a rede e os usuários. Por conseguinte, esses efeitos devem ser avaliados corretamente, de tal forma que o dimensionamento da rede atenda aos requisitos de qualidade regulamentados. O presente trabalho objetiva estabelecer uma metodologia para o planejamento de redes de comunicação sem fio para ambientes indoor, considerando os parâmetros de qualidade de serviços e os efeitos da polarização das antenas. Foi proposto um modelo empírico para determinar a área de cobertura desse ambiente a partir de uma abordagem baseada em medições. Como resultado de campanhas de medições, foram identificados os principais parâmetros que interferem nas perdas no enlace de propagação, destacando-se os materiais envolvidos no ambiente bem como os efeitos da polarização das antenas transmissora, entre outros. Tais efeitos, avaliados corretamente, permitirão ao projetista da rede, de uma forma crítica e com base em dados obtidos em campo, definir a melhor configuração de parâmetros e critérios de projeto para a implantação de uma rede móvel de acesso sem fio. As medições para determinação dos parâmetros de cobertura e de qualidade de serviços foram realizadas no prédio do Laboratório de Engenharia Elétrica e de Computação e no prédio de aulas do Instituto de Tecnologia da Universidade Federal do Pará. Nas campanhas de medição foram utilizadas algumas frequências, escolhidas devido à importância dos serviços disponibilizados: 2,4 GHz - redes locais sem fio (WLAN’s); 3,5 GHz - Wimax licenciado; 5,85 GHz - Wimax livre e 10 GHz (a faixa de 9,8 a 10 GHz não está ainda regulamentada, de 10 - 10,15 GHz-radioamador (Resolução Anatel, Nº 452/2006 - D.O.U. de 20.12.2006) ou serviços de comunicações multimídias (SCM) para sistemas em banda larga). Os principais resultados obtidos com o modelo proposto foram avaliados e comparados com os principais modelos da literatura e mostraram que a metodologia adotada para o planejamento de redes de comunicação sem fio em ambientes indoor teve um bom desempenho.

Desarrollo de una aplicación móvil híbrida de soporte para congresos en iOS

[ES]Esta aplicación surge de la necesidad de generar una herramienta de bajo coste capaz de dar un soporte estandarizado a diferentes tipos de congresos a través de un mismo software. Este tipo de congresos debe manejar grandes volúmenes de datos de forma eficiente. Así, el objetivo fundamental de este proyecto es generar una aplicación para móviles que de soporte a congresos, usando para ello un desarrollo móvil que incorpore elementos del desarrollo web; es decir, un desarrollo híbrido. Como objetivo secundario, se estudiará la viabilidad de este sistema de desarrollo, evaluando las diferencias obtenidas frente a un desarrollo web completo tanto en eficiencia como en recursos utilizados.

A low complexity system based on multiple weighted decision trees for indoor localization

[EN] Indoor position estimation has become an attractive research topic due to growing interest in location-aware services. Nevertheless, satisfying solutions have not been found with the considerations of both accuracy and system complexity. From the perspective of lightweight mobile devices, they are extremely important characteristics, because both the processor power and energy availability are limited. Hence, an indoor localization system with high computational complexity can cause complete battery drain within a few hours. In our research, we use a data mining technique named boosting to develop a localization system based on multiple weighted decision trees to predict the device location, since it has high accuracy and low computational complexity.