Ensaio randomizado, duplo-cego e controlado de anestesia tópica induzida por iontoforese de lidocaína

Introduction: Needle infi ltration of local anesthetic is a painful procedure, thus, a topical anesthetic is a comfortable alternative; however, it is diffi cult to deliver transcutaneous polar drugs. Iontophoresis is a noninvasive technique that uses electrical current for releasing electrically charged drugs through biological membranes. Objective: To evaluate the anesthesia induced by iontophoresis of lidocaine for a standardized painful stimulus. Material and methods: Randomized, controlled, double-blind study, involving 10 volunteers under the anesthetic effects of topical application of lidocaine gel 2% and noradrenaline 1:50,000, with or without iontophoresis of 1.85 milliamps for 13 minutes. Pain sensitivity was evaluated by the prick of a 21G needle in the arms posterior region, using a visual numerical scale. Results: Patients mean age was 50.8 ± 11.4 years. Nine of them were women. All had previously received infi ltrative anesthesia. Iontophoresis was well tolerated by volunteers. The median pain scores were 0 and 3 for the arm that received the iontophoresis and for the one that did not receive, respectively (p < 0.01). Conclusion: The anesthetic effect in the region subjected to iontophoresis suggests an effi cient and comfortable method for promoting local anesthesia in the surgical approach of pediatric, hyperalgic, or needlephobic patients.

Analisando imagens: Um ensaio sobre a criação de fontes narrativas para compreender os Grupos Escolares

This paper is an essay on how photos can be analysed and used to create narratives which may serve as resources for historical studies about school practices. As an exercise, we deal with six old photographs taken in Grupos Escolares, a Brazilian educational institution founded in the last decade of the 19th Century and extinguished in the 1970's. According to some authors, these schools represented the beginning of the public educational system in Brazil.

Fluorescência da clorofila-a e variação da simetria como ferramentas de investigação de plantas sob estresse

Environmental disturbances in various systems and individuals can result in a tendency for fluctuating asymmetry, which consists of a non-directional deviation from symmetry of a bilateral structure in a normally distributed population. Individuals unable to exhibit plastic responses to developmental disorders that occur at random, either genetic or environmental, may exhibit slight deviations from symmetry in organs with bilateral structure such as leaves. Thus analyzing plants by the morphological pattern of symmetry of the leaves has become an effective tool to describe the developmental of plants under stress conditions. This study aimed to analyze if the pattern of symmetry can be used as a tool to investigate the stress level to which a plant is subjected, using ultraviolet-C radiation (UV-C) as source of stress. We determined the leaf symmetry deviations (sd), the average length (AL) and the maximum width of the lamina (MWL) and the fluorescence parameters of chlorophyll-a in leaves of young plants of G. max subjected to 0, 30, 60, 120 or 240 minutes per week of UV-C during four weeks, submitting the values to ANOVA and Tukey test (p <0.05). The results showed significant reductions in AL and MWL, significant increase in sd in leaves irradiated and a drop in potential quantum yield of photosystem II (PSII) and in the photosynthesis performance index (IP). The analysis of leaf symmetry showed high correlation with the stress level to which plants were submitted, being an important analysis to ascertain the fitness of the plant because it is a noninvasive method and easy to perform.

Ensaio sobre como Macunai{dotless acute}ma me ajudou a falar sobre Educação Matemática

As if aesthetics were not content. But as we are faced with some other language (frequently called incorrect), our inclination is to correct it or to want to correct it: not luv, boy! But that's what we hear, not what should be. This essay is, based on aesthetics, a testimony about not being ashamed of its contribution to the field (Mathematics Education) - as a contribution and not 'only' style. The usual parametres for research papers are kept on check.

Música como aia da vontade: ensaio sobre a leitura wagneriana de Schopenhauer

In the year 1851, Richard Wagner had his first contact with the philosophy of Schopenhauer, a fact that was followed soon by his proclaimed and somewhat surprising conversion to schopenhauerianism. Tweny years later, his debt to Schopenhauer is reaffirmed in Beethoven, a comemorative writing in which are to be found the outlines of a philosophy of music - claimed by the composer to be based on Schopenhauer's aesthetics - that had great influence in Nietzsche's theoretical elaboration of the dionysiac, as it appears in The birth of Tragedy. My work aims primarily at investigating to what extent the musical aesthetics outlined in Beethoven is actually compatible with that presented in The world as Will and representation. The pointing out of remarkable differences between the two aesthetic conceptions gives then rise to some reflexions concerning the character of the relations between Wagner, Schopenhauer and the young Nietzsche.

Localização sub-celular de proteínas marcadas com GFP em Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri por microscopia de fluorescência

Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Microbiologia Aplicada) - IBRC

Respostas de trocas gasosas e fluorescência da clorofila A em folhas verticais de Styrax camporum Pohl. (Styracaceae) submetida à deficiência hídrica

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Inferência espacial de cianobactérias a partir da fluorescência in vivo do pigmento ficocianina

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Digestibilidade das proteínas do soro do leite mediante ensaio in vitro

Pós-graduação em Alimentos e Nutrição - FCFAR

Desempenho de métodos baseados na indução de fluorescência para a detecção de lesões de cárie em superfícies oclusais e proximais: estudos in vitro

Pós-graduação em Ciências Odontológicas - FOAR

Ensaio sobre o fluxo de Ricci e os buracos negros: fundamentação e estudo computacional

Pós-graduação em Ciência da Computação - IBILCE

Procedimentos de seleção de cor, percepção visual de diferença de cor e fluorescência em odontologia estética

Pós-graduação em Ciências Odontológicas - FOAR

Análise da influência termo-pluviométrica nos indicadores do comércio de Maringá (PR): um ensaio metodológico na perspectiva da valorização ambiental

Pós-graduação em Geografia - FCT

Desenvolvimento de um programa computacional destinado à unidade móvel de ensaio na barra de tração (umeb) para a avaliação do desempenho de tratores

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Ensaio sobre a cegueira, de José Saramago, e a experiência pós-moderna da verdade

Pós-graduação em Estudos Literários - FCLAR