984 resultados para cognitive functions
Astrocytes and human cognition: Modeling information integration and modulation of neuronal activity
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
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Diabetes Mellitus may lead to alterations in the eyes, kidneys, cranial nerves, peripheral nerves, ears etc. The cognitive function, also, seems to be compromised in subjects presented with Diabetes Mellitus, since the cortical and subcortical structures responsible for this function are hindered in some insulin-dependent patients. The cognitive potential P300 has been used as an objective procedure to assess cerebral cognitive functions. Objective: Analyze the sensitivity of P300 cognitive potential for the detection of alterations on the auditory cortex secondary to Diabetes Mellitus. Study design: transversal cohort. Material and Method: Sixteen diabetic subjects of both genders aged 7 to 71 years, and seventeen non-diabetic individuals at the same age range participated in this study, the evaluation procedures were pure tone audiometry (PTA) and P300 cognitive potential. Glycemia of the group presented with Diabetes was assessed prior to applying the P300. Results: No statistically significant difference was shown for the PTA results. A statically significant difference was observed between groups when analyzing the latency of the P300 component measured in Fz. there was a correlation between glycemia and the latency and amplitude of P300. Conclusion: The investigation of the cognitive potential of P300 is an important procedure for the prevention and early diagnosis of neurological changes in individuals presented with Diabetes Mellitus.
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Introduction. Dementia is a chronic and neurodegenerative disease responsible for a progressive decline of cognition and physical capacity. Objective: To verify the effectiviness of three months of physiotherapy intervention on cognitive functions and balance of institutionilized elderly people with dementia. Patients and methods. This study has comprised thirty subjects, divided in two groups: EG (experimental group) and CG (control group). EG was composed by 15 participants with mean age of 71,6 ± 8,5 years and scholarity of 4,7 ± 4,2 years. CG was formed by 15 subjects with mean age of 78,5 ± 7,6 years and scholarity of 2,2 ± 1,8 years. The sample was evaluated by means of the following instruments: Mini-Mental State Examination, Semantic Verbal Fluency test, Clock Drawing test, Berg Balance Scale and Timed Get Up and Go test. The statistical procedures were done by means of Multivariate Analisis of Variance (MANOVA), with significance of 5 % (p < 0,05). Results. The results has shown a heterogeneity of both groups related to age (F = 0,2, p < 0,05) and scholarity (F = 2,6, p < 0,05). MANOVA pointed beneficts of physiotherapy on balance (F = 7,3, p < 0,01) but not on cognitive functions (F = 0,3, p > 0,05). Conclusions. Three months of physiotherapy were effective to improuve physical capacity of institucionilized elderly people with dementia. Neverthless, it was not able to minimize cognitive decline commonly seen on dementia. The question if a prolonged intervention could propitiate cognitive beneficts remains, specially in a more homogeneous groups.
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Alzheimer's dementia (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that causes motor and cognitive decline. The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of a specific physical activity program on the cognitive, depressive symptoms and functional capacity of patients with diagnosis of probable AD. The subject, a 79-year old woman, participated in this program for three months, with 50 min sessions three times a week. The instruments used were the Cambridge Cognitive Examination; the Geriatric Depression Scale; and the Battery of the American Alliance for Health Physical Education, Recreation and Dance. The results in relationship with the depressive symptoms and functional capacity were significantly positive. There were no changes in regards to the patient's cognitive functions. In conclusion, this physical activity program seems to be an important part of the treatment for patients with AD, as it improves the functional capacity and also stimulates cognitive tasks. © 2008 Asociación Española de Fisioterapeutas.
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Deterioration in cognitive functions is characteristic in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and may be associated with decline in daily living activities with consequent reduced quality of life. Objective: To analyze weight training effects on cognitive functions in elderly with AD. Subjects: 34 elderly with AD were allocated into two groups: Training Group (TG) and Social Gathering Group (SGG). Methods: Global cognitive status was determined using the Mini-Mental State Exam. Specific cognitive functions were measured using the Brief Cognitive Battery, Clock Drawing Test and Verbal Fluency Test. The protocols were performed three times a week, one hour per session. The weight training protocol consisted of three sets of 20 repetitions, with two minutes of rest between sets and exercises. The activities proposed for the SGG were not systematized and aimed at promoting social interaction among patients. The statistical analyses were performed with the U Mann Whitney and Wilcoxon tests for group comparisons. All analyses were considered statistically significant at a p-value of 0.05. Results: There were no significant differences associated to the effects of the practice of weight training on cognition in AD patients. Conclusion: In this study, no improvement in cognitive functions was evident in elderly with AD who followed a low intensity resistance exercise protocol. Thus, future studies could evaluate the effect of more intense exercise programs.
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Pós-graduação em Ciências da Motricidade - IBRC
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Pós-graduação em Ciências da Motricidade - IBRC
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Pós-graduação em Música - IA
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A sobrevida da população tem aumentado de forma progressiva e atribui-se à melhoria da qualidade dos serviços de saúde e das condições gerais de vida, sendo marcante, sobretudo nos países industrializados. Este aumento da expectativa de vida repercute no aumento da incidência de doenças comuns em idades avançadas. O envelhecimento é considerado fator de risco para o desenvolvimento de doenças neurodegenerativas como a doença de Alzheimer (DA). Uma das teorias para a patogênese da DA postula que a neurodegeneração é o resultado de alterações no metabolismo oxidativo com acometimento do tecido cerebral vulnerável. O fato de o envelhecimento ser um fator de risco na DA, reforça também a hipótese da participação dos radicais livres, pois os efeitos de sua ação podem se acumular durante anos. A DA é uma doença insidiosa e progressiva e caracteriza-se clinicamente por uma perda progressiva da memória e de outras funções cognitivas, além de mudanças comportamentais e sociais. O déficit de memória é o principal e usualmente o primeiro sintoma da DA, com comprometimento especialmente da retenção e recordação de novas informações. O presente trabalho visa avaliar se ocorrem alterações no metabolismo oxidativo detectáveis no sangue de pacientes com a DA, e se estas podem ser relacionadas com os diferentes estágios da doença e com o quadro cognitivo dos pacientes. Foram avaliados 30 pacientes com a doença de Alzheimer e 28 indivíduos no grupo controle atendidos na Unidade de Ensino e Assistência de Fisioterapia e Terapia Ocupacional da Universidade do Estado do Pará (UEAFTO-UEPA). O metabolismo oxidativo foi avaliado através da medida da capacidade antioxidante total equivalente ao Trolox (TEAC) e da mensuração dos níveis das substâncias que reagem ao ácido tiobarbitúrico - TBARS. Também foram realizados testes neuropsicológicos em todos os sujeitos participantes do estudo. Não foram observadas correlações significativas no desempenho dos testes neuropsicológicos com os níveis de TBARS e TEAC nos pacientes com a DA. Observou-se que a capacidade antioxidante total (CAOT) estava significativamente diminuída nos pacientes com a DA em comparação com o grupo controle independentemente do estágio da doença, mostrando uma possível relação entre a CAOT e a DA. Na avaliação de TBARS houve uma tendência para maiores concentrações nos pacientes com DA do que no grupo controle, porém a diferença não foi estatisticamente significativa, apenas a fase moderada foi significativa quando comparada com o grupo controle. A avaliação da peroxidação lipídica através dos níveis de TBARS provavelmente não seria um biomarcador adequado para a doença de Alzheimer.