Factors associated to breastfeeding in the first hour of life: systematic review

OBJECTIVE To identify independent risk factors for non-breastfeeding within the first hour of life.METHODS A systematic review of Medline, LILACS, Scopus, and Web of Science electronic databases, till August 30, 2013, was performed without restrictions on language or date of publishing. Studies that used regression models and provided adjusted measures of association were included. Studies in which the regression model was not specified or those based on specific populations regarding age or the presence of morbidities were excluded.RESULTS The search resulted in 155 articles, from which 18 met the inclusion criteria. These were conducted in Asia (9), Africa (5), and South America (4), between 1999 and 2013. The prevalence of breastfeeding within the first hour of life ranged from 11.4%, in a province of Saudi Arabia, to 83.3% in Sri Lanka. Cesarean delivery was the most consistent risk factor for non-breastfeeding within the first hour of life. “Low family income”, “maternal age less than 25 years”, “low maternal education”, “no prenatal visit”, “home delivery”, “no prenatal guidance on breastfeeding” and “preterm birth” were reported as risk factors in at least two studies.CONCLUSIONS Besides the hospital routines, indicators for low socioeconomic status and poor access to health services were also identified as independent risk factors for non-breastfeeding within the first hour of life. Policies to promote breastfeeding, appropriate to each context, should aim to reduce inequalities in health.

Utilização de algoritmos de processamento e análise de imagem na avaliação do dano em placas compósitas

PTDC/EME–TME/66207/2006 e POSC/EEA-SRI/55386/2004

Spanish society's perceptions about socially responsible investing

The debate surrounding the financial needs of investors and the impact on society of investment is considered to be an important research topic due to the growth of socially responsible financial markets. The objective of this research is to study the perception of the Spanish public about socially responsible investing (SRI) criteria and real-life investment needs. To examine the Spanish perception of SRI, we conducted a field survey. The results show that SRI is in an early stage and Spanish investors need more exact information regarding social, environmental, and governance criteria in order to invest in socially responsible companies and products.

Novos ângulos da história da agricultura no Brasil.

A agricultura fora dos ciclos no Brasil: uma introdução ao livro; Um início da agricultura: sítios arqueológicos no Brasil e as pinturas rupestres no Planalto Central; Tecnologia na Amazônia pré-histórica: a Terra Preta do Índio; Indígenas e plantas pré-cabralinas; Um grande brasilianista: Gabriel Soares de Sousa; Jardins botânicos e hortos (novas plantas, novos hábitos): o Horto d'El Rey de Olinda; Um grande empreendedor e um mau administrador: Maurício de Nassau; O mosaico dos alimentos e dos remédios caseiros: escravos, índios e brancos; Culturas do Brasil Império: diversidade na agricultura; O Livro do Lavrador do Brasil República; A influência da madrinha: eucaliptos no Brasil; A explosão da agricultura tropical; Pesquisa e ensino: as dores do crescimento; Melhorando a organização rural: extensão rural e as cooperativas; Soja: o ouro-verde brasileiro; Polo Juazeiro-Petrolina - frutas para o Brasil e para o mundo; Desenvolvimento só com devastação? - Amazônia e Cerrados; A "marvada' pinga - álcool, Proálcool e Canavialis; Precisão na agricultura: alta tecnologia para produzir e preservar o meio ambiente; Da lei do mínimo à sustentabilidade; O novo retrato do Brasil - da roça à cidade?

New perspectives on the history of brazilian agriculture.

One of the objectives of this book has been to highlight the importance of the history of agriculture in today's food production and consumption patterns, recovering parts of this history which are not easily found or which have been forgotten or neglected, but which have had a large impact on what we are today.

Estudo da variabilidade da cobertura de nuvens altas na Amazônia Central

Foram estudados os fenômenos meteorológicos que ocorrem na Amazônia Central (Manaus) utilizando-se um conjunto de imagens de satélites, com o objetivo de identificar as oscilações que mais contribuem para a variabilidade da cobertura de nuvens, e verificar se há modificações nestas oscilações em anos de El Niño e La Niña. O ciclo anual e o ciclo semi-anual são os principais responsáveis pela variabilidade da cobertura de nuvens altas na região. As oscilações interanuais associadas aos fenômenos El Niño/La Niña também contribuem fortemente para a variabilidade total da cobertura de nuvens altas. As oscilações intra-sazonais e interdiurnas apresentam uma variabilidade menor. Estendendo-se a análise para uma região compreendida de 1,5ºS a 6ºS e 68ºW a 54ºW, centrados em Manaus, observa-se que os períodos de 60, 45 e 30 dias possuem maior porcentagem de potência a leste de Manaus; o período de 20 dias possui maior porcentagem de potência no centro (próximo de Manaus); e os períodos de 8, 6 e 4 dias possuem maior porcentagem de potência a oeste de Manaus. As frentes frias que alcançam a janela de 10º de longitude e 2,5º de latitude centrada em Manaus, modulam de alguma forma a atividade convectiva na região de Manaus atuando como uma forçante das oscilações interdiurnas (47% dos casos), das oscilações intra-sazonais, (15%) e das oscilações de 55 a 65 dias (13%). Convém ressaltar que não necessariamente as frentes frias causaram as oscilações. As frentes podem favorecer ou induzir a convecção no local.

Freshwater sponges, hydroids & Polyzoa. By N. Annandale.

Freshwater Sponges, Hydroids & Polyzoa

Reptilia and Batrachia / by George A. Boulenger.

Reptilia and Batrachia

Report to the government of Ceylon on the pearl oyster fisheries of the gulf of Manaar, by W.A. Herdman ... With supplementary reports upon the marine biology of Ceylon, by other naturalists. Pub. at the request of the colonial government by the Royal society.

pt.3 (1905)

Regenerative action of the wall on the heat transfer for directly and indirectly heated rotary kilns

Rotary kilns, Regenerative wall, heat transfer, directly fired, indirectly fired

Report to the government of Ceylon on the pearl oyster fisheries of the gulf of Manaar, by W.A. Herdman ... With supplementary reports upon the marine biology of Ceylon, by other naturalists. Pub. at the request of the colonial government by the Royal society.

pt.4 (1905)

Report to the government of Ceylon on the pearl oyster fisheries of the gulf of Manaar, by W.A. Herdman ... With supplementary reports upon the marine biology of Ceylon, by other naturalists. Pub. at the request of the colonial government by the Royal society.

pt.2 (1904)