Supressão de água em diferentes fases fenológicas do feijoeiro (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is widespread in the Brazilian social and economic scene. The hypothesis is that if the water supply is suppressed in just one of the five development stages of irrigated beans, it can result in yield reduction lower than 20%, allowing water economy. The objective of this study was to compare the performance of bean Carioca group IAC Alvorada yield components, with irrigation suppression in each of the five phenological phases (emergence, vegetative, flowering, grain filling and maturation) and no irrigation and irrigated in all stages. The study was conducted at Agronomical Sciences College, UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil. The statistical design was the randomized block with seven treatments and four replications. Data were subjected to analysis of variance and t test at 5% probability. A rainfall event (58 mm) after planting allowed the successful emergence of seedling beans in plots where water would not be applied. The yield components were higher affect when there was irrigation's suppression at Vegetative phase and at Flowering phase. The treatments where occurred irrigation suppression at Maturation and at Emergence showed yield reduction of less than 20%, proving the hypothesis.

Extração de vias combinando métodos de detecção de regiões e linhas em imagens de intensidade de pulso laser

This paper aims at extracting street centerlines from previously isolated street regions by using the image of laser scanning intensity. In this image, streets are easily identified, since they manifest as dark, elongate ribbons contrasting with background objects. The intensity image is segmented by using the region growing technique, which generates regions representing the streets. From these regions, the street centerlines are extracted in two manners. The first one is through the Steger lines detection method combined with a line length thresholding by which lines being shorter than a minimum length are removed. The other manner is by combining the skeletonization method of regions based on the Medial Axis Transform and with a pruning process to eliminate as much as possible the ramifications. Experiments showed that the Steger-based method provided results better than the method based on skeletonization.

Resposta produtiva do feijoeiro comum a diferentes manejos de irrigação

The objective of this work was to analyze the most appropriate management to achieve higher productivity for carioca beans (phaseolus vulgaris) and pearll cultivar. The research was developed in the Demonstrative and Experimental Area of Irrigation (ADEI) of FCAV/UNESP, Campus of Jaboticabal, SP. Four treatments were used: T1- irrigation with base in ETo estimated by the method of Class A pan; T2- irrigations based on the readings of tensiometers installed at 0,20 m and 0,40 m of depth; T3- irrigations carried out with base in ETo estimated by the method of Penman-Monteith and T4- witness. The results were submitted to analysis of variance. To compare the averages the test Turkey was used at 5% of probability. The treatment T3 had smaller applied water depth than the treatments T1 and T2, and also smaller productivity. The conclusion is that the treatments irrigated with larger frequency showed higher production of grains.

Ocorrência de cristais em plantas medicinais utilizadas no tratamento da nefrolitíase: Paradoxo?

Nephrolithiasis (kidney stones) can be seen as a common clinical condition responsible for substantial economic, social and psychological costs, due to its high morbidity, especially since it affects adults in their productive phase. Its development in the urinary tract is a complex and multifactorial process. The majority of kidney stones are made of calcium oxalate. A lot of plants are used to treat nephrolithiasis and they often exhibit calcium oxalate crystals in the parts that are employed for this medicinal purpose, representing a possible risk. In this light, we performed a literature review via the databases Scielo, PubMed and Medline and found 28 articles reporting the traditional use of plants in the treatment of nephrolithiasis. The occurrence of calcium oxalate crystals was indicated in 19 species. We argue that the use of these plants could give rise to adverse effects in people who are prone to form calcium oxalate stones in the kidney.

Phylogeographic Structure And Outbreeding Depression Reveal Early Stages Of Reproductive Isolation In The Neotropical Orchid Epidendrum Denticulatum

Phylogeographic studies provide an important framework for investigating the mechanisms operating during the earliest stages of speciation, as reproductive barriers can be examined among divergent lineages in a geographic context. We investigated the evolution of early stages of intrinsic postmating isolation among different populations and lineages of Epidendrum denticulatum, a Neotropical orchid distributed across different biomes in South America. We estimated genetic diversity and structure for both nuclear and plastid markers, using a haplotype network, differentiation tests, Bayesian assignment analysis, and divergence time estimates of the main lineages. Reproductive barriers among divergent lineages were examined by analyzing seed viability following reciprocal crossing experiments. Strong plastid phylogeographic structure was found, indicating that E. denticulatum was restricted to multiple refuges during South American forest expansion events. In contrast, significant phylogeographic structure was not found for nuclear markers, suggesting higher gene flow by pollen than by seeds. Large asymmetries in seed set were observed among different plastid genetic groups, suggesting the presence of polymorphic genic incompatibilities associated with cytonuclear interactions. Our results confirm the importance of phylogeographic studies associated with reproductive isolation experiments and suggest an important role for outbreeding depression during the early stages of lineage diversification. © 2013 The Society for the Study of Evolution.

Produção e qualidade em gérbera de vaso cultivada com cloreto e silicato de potássio

The Gerbera is an ornamental perennial herb, belonging to the Asteraceae family. Its cultivation, as well as the entire market for flowers and ornamental plants, is now in full expansion phase. The objective of this study was to evaluate the growth and quality Potted gerbera cultivar Red, according to sources and doses of potassium. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse at UNESP/Botucatu. The experimental design was randomized blocks, using a 2x5 factorial arrangement, with two sources (potassium silicate and chloride) and five doses (0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 mg. L-1) 4 replications and 5 plants per plot. Weekly throughout the experimental period, assessments were made of the number of leaves (NL) and the diameter of the plant canopy (DP). at the end of the season and the reproductive cycle, at 42 and 60 days after acclimatization (DAA), respectively, were determined by leaf area (LA), mass (dry leaves (MSF), the dry mass of inflorescence (MSI) and total dry matter (TDM). at the point of marketing is that of open stamens, when the inflorescence had at least two rounds of open, releasing pollen, we determined the number of inflorescences (NI), the diameter of inflorescence (DI), the stem height (AH), the shank diameter (DH) and plant height (PH). Regardless of the doses, potassium silicate promoted greater diameter, leaf area, greater MSF, MST and increased stem height, characteristics that favor the sale of potted gerbera.

Environmental ageing studies of chemically modified micro and nanofibril phenol formaldehyde composites

Cellulose micro and nano fibrils were extracted from banana macro fibres and chemically modified using sodium hydroxide, formic acid, 3-methacryloxy propyltrimethoxy silane. These untreated and chemically treated fibrils were incorporated into PF resin and the specimens were prepared. The composites were subjected to long-term water ageing, thermal ageing soil burial and outdoor weathering. The mechanical properties are reduced under all ageing conditions. The present study investigates the effects of different types of ageing on macro fibre, microfibril and nanofibril reinforced PF composites. The effect of chemical modifications of fibres on the degradability of the composites at different environments also has been analysed. © 2013 Elsevier B.V.

Influência in vitro da clorexidina e do chá verde na longevidade de união adesiva resina composta – dentina

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Peperomia blanda (Piperaceae): avaliação das atividades antibacteriana e antioxidante

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

A estrutura dialógica nos contos de Llanson: entre o lírico e o dramático

Pós-graduação em Letras - IBILCE

Biogeografia de formações vegetais: classificação de um encrave vegetacional : Parque Estadual do Rio Turvo, Barra do Turvo, SP

Pós-graduação em Geografia - IGCE

Padronização de extratos vegetais: Astronium urundeuva (Anacardiaceae)

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Monitoramento ambiental em região contaminada por chumbo

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Avaliação da atividade antimicrobiana de plantas utilizadas na medicina popular da Amazônia

O estudo de plantas medicinais possibilita a descoberta de novos compostos bioativos na procura de drogas promissoras. O aumento de infecções e o aparecimento da resistência microbiana reforçam essa pesquisa. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a atividade antimicrobiana de extratos de seis espécies de plantas medicinais que ocorrem na Amazônia: Psidium guajava (goiabeira), Bryophyllum calycinum Salisb (pirarucu), Eleutherine plicata Herb (marupazinho), Uncaria guianensis (unha-de-gato), Arrabideae chica (pariri) e Mansoa alliacea (Lam.) A.H. Gentry (cipó d'alho) frente a cepas ATCC de bactérias e fungos. A coleta e a identificação das plantas foram realizadas na EMBRAPA/CPATU e a análise fitoquímica no Laboratório de Fitoquímica da FACFAR/UFPA e CESUPA obedecendo às metodologias estabelecidas nestes laboratórios. Os extratos etanólicos seco das folhas frescas das plantas e bulbo do marupazinho foram submetidos à avaliação da atividade antimicrobiana pelo método de disco difusão em ágar e determinação da Concentração Inibitória Mínima (CIM) através do método de microdiluição em placas e disco difusão em ágar. Os extratos foram utilizados em concentrações de 500, 250, 125, 62,5 e 31,25 mg/mL utilizando como solvente o Dimetil-Sulfóxido (DMSO). O extrato de goiabeira teve atividade frente a S. aureus, P. aeruginosa e C. albicans (CIM125mg\mL), o de pirarucu frente a S. aureus (CIM= 500 mg/mL) e P. aeruginosa (CIM= 250 mg/mL), o de marupazinho para S. aureus (CIM= 500mg/mL) e C. albicans (CIM= 250mg/mL), o de unha-de-gato contra S. aureus (CIM= 62,5 mg/mL) e o de pariri inibiu S. aureus (62,5 mg/mL), E. coli (250 mg/mL) e C. albicans (500 mg/mL). O fracionamento do EEB de U. guianensis através da técnica de dissolução fracionada demonstrou que a fração metanólica teve ação antimicrobiana. Os resultados comprovaram que estas plantas possuem atividade antimicrobiana. Estes extratos abrem uma possibilidade de descobertas de novos compostos antimicrobianos clinicamente efetivos.

Uso de plantas medicinais no município de Benevides/Pará: elaboração do memento fitoterápico e construção da política municipal de plantas medicinais e fitoterápicos

O uso de plantas medicinais no Munic ípio de Benevides: Elaboração do Memento Fitoterápico e Introdução da Política de Plantas Medicinais no Município de Benevides é um trabalho, desenvolvido com o objetivo de levantar as espécies vegetais utilizadas por usuários do SUS e profissionais de saú de, integrados na Estratégia Saúde da Família do município de Benevides, com vistas à elaboração do Memento Fitoterápico do município, como primeiro passo para a institucionalização da Política Municipal de Plantas Medicinais. Para o levantamento dos dados, utilizou-se a tecnologia social Etnofarmácia, desenvolvida e aplicada em parceria com a comunidade, envolvendo a aplicação do formulário etnofarmacêutico aos usuários do SUS e profissionais de saúde, o que permitiu uma análise quanti - qualitativa dos dados. Os resultados indicaram que a utilização de plantas medicinais pela população entrevistada é uma prática intensa e se deve, em parte, à dificuldade que os usuários do sistema têm em acessar os medicamentos sintéticos prescritos nas Unidades Saúde da Família (USF) do município e ao baixo padrão de renda das famílias entrevistadas. Quanto aos profissionais de saúde, os resultados indicam sensibilidade dos mesmos ao tema e disposição para prescrição, desde que se tenha disponível capacitação, protocolo clín ico e plantas medicinais nas USF. Para compor o Memento Fitoterapêutico, foram selecionadas as espécies: Chenopodium ambrosioides, Linn. (mastruz); Eleutherine plicata, Herb (marupazinho); Mentha pulegium, Linn. (hortelãzinho); Coleus amboinicus, Lour. (boldo) e Arrabidaea chica, Velrt. (parirí), segundo os critérios de frequência de citação, perfil epidemiológico do município, interesse do Ministério da Saúde e manejo da espécie.