Early hemodynamic and renal effects of hemorrhagic shock resuscitation with lactated Ringer's solution, hydroxyethyl starch, and hypertonic saline with or without 6% dextran-70

Background. Considering the renal effects of fluid resuscitation in hemorrhaged patients, the choice of fluid has been a source of controversy. In a model of hemorrhagic shock, we studied the early hemodynamic and renal effects of fluid resuscitation with lactated Ringer's (LR), 6% hydroxyethyl starch (HES), and 7.5% hypertonic saline (HS) with or without 6% dextran-70 (HSD).Materials and methods. Forty-eight dogs were anesthetized and submitted to splenectomy. An estimated 40% blood volume was removed to maintain mean arterial pressure (MAP) at 40 mm Hg for 30 min. The dogs were divided into four groups: LR, in a 3:1 ratio to removed blood volume; HS, 6 mL kg(-1); HSD, 6 mL kg(-1); and HES in a 1:1 ratio to removed blood volume. Hemodynamics and renal function were studied during shock and 5, 60, and 120 min after fluid replacement.Results. Shock treatment increased MAP similarly in all groups. At 5 min, cardiac filling pressures and cardiac performance indexes were higher for LR and HES but, after 120 min, there were no differences among groups. Renal blood flow and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) were higher in LR at 60 min but GFR returned to baseline values in all groups at 120 min. Diuresis was higher for LR at 5 min and for LR and HES at 60 min. There were no differences among groups in renal variables 120 min after treatment.Conclusions. Despite the immediate differences in hemodynamic responses, the low-volume resuscitation fluids, HS and HSD, are equally effective to LR and HES in restoring renal performance 120 min after hemorrhagic shock treatment. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Prevalence of hysteroscopic findings and histologic diagnoses in patients with abnormal uterine bleeding

Objective: To describe the prevalence of hysteroscopic findings and histologic diagnoses inpatients with abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB).Design: Retrospective series of consecutive patients.Setting: Tertiary care University hospital and private office.Patient(s): Four thousand fifty-four hysteroscopies with biopsy in patients with AUB evaluated between June 1993 and December 2004.Intervention(S): Hysteroscopies were performed using 2.9-mm or 4-mm telescopes with CO2 or saline as the distension media. Biopsies were (lone with a 5-mm grasper or with a Novak's curette.Main Outcome Measure(s): Prevalence of hysteroscopic findings and histologic analysis of biopsies.Result(S): Endometrial polyp was the most frequent hysteroscopic finding, accounting for 1,374 (33.9%) cases. Normal uterine cavity and cervical canal were found in 814 (20.1%) patients. Submucous fibroids were diagnosed in 302 (7.5%) women. Normal endometrium was the most frequent histologic diagnosis, accounting for 1,888 (46.6%) cases. Endometrial polyp was found in 1, 115 (27.5%) patients. Endometrial hyperplasia was diagnosed in 613 (15.1%) and endometrial cancer in 105 (2.6%) women.Conclusion(s): Endometrial polyps are the most frequent hysteroscopic findings in patients with AUB, whereas normal endometrium is the most frequent histologic diagnosis.

Crescimento e índices de troca gasosa em plantas de pepino irrigadas com água enriquecida com CO2

Avaliou-se o efeito do enriquecimento da água de irrigação com CO2 sobre índices fisiológicos de desenvolvimento e troca gasosa de folhas de plantas de pepino do tipo japonês, cultivados em ambiente protegido. Os experimentos realizados em duas épocas do ano foram instalados em delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso com 4 tratamentos e 5 repetições. Os tratamentos foram constituídos pelos híbridos Hokuho e Tsuyataro, irrigados com água comum ou enriquecida com CO2, em uma concentração de 1 no primeiro e 0,25 no segundo experimento. A produção de massa de material seco e área foliar adotaram tendência exponencial, não sendo possível observar o início da diminuição da taxa de produção de massa do material seco aos 63 dias após transplante (DAT). A taxa de crescimento da comunidade e taxa de crescimento relativa do híbrido Hokuho irrigado com água comum foi diferente do irrigado com água enriquecida com CO2, no entanto, no híbrido Tsuyataro foram semelhantes. A taxa de assimilação líquida atingiu a máxima pendente na fase de crescimento vegetativo e floração, e foi reduzida drasticamente após os 20 DAT no híbrido Hokuho, e após os 35 DAT no híbrido Tsuyataro. A razão de área foliar diminuiu ligeiramente nos dois híbridos com o desenvolvimento do cultivo. No início observaram-se diferenças entre irrigação com água comum e enriquecida com CO2, porém após 20 DAT não se apreciaram mais diferenças. Quanto a troca gasosa, a taxa assimilatória líquida de CO2 e de transpiração, conductância estomática e eficiência no uso da água foram semelhantes entre plantas irrigadas com água comum e enriquecida com CO2 durante o primeiro semestre. Já no segundo semestre, maiores valores foram registrados pelas plantas irrigadas com água enriquecida.

Ovarian ultrastructure in virgin queens of Apis mellifera L. narcotized by CO2

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Efeitos od laser CO2 na mandíbula de ratos: Estudo através da microscopia eletrônica de varredura

A face lateral do corpo da mandíbula de ratos foi irradiada pelo laser CO2 com disparos contínuos de 10watts de potência. Após três meses, o sulco formado pela irradiação apresentou, em uma grande extensão, material fundido com diversas fraturas. Após sete meses, o periósteo neoformado recobriu amplas áreas da incisão, que apresentou ainda material carbonizado. Um ano após a incisão, o periósteo neoformado estava composto por fibras colágenas, que formaram feixes espessos, transversais à incisão, ou malhas regulares, que recobriram a incisão. Ainda nessa fase, resquícios de material carbonizado foram verificados, caracterizando um retardo na regeneração óssea

PHARMACOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF THE INHIBITORY EFFECT OF EXTRACTS FROM ANCHIETIA-SALUTARIS ON THE HISTAMINE-RELEASE INDUCED IN THE RAT AND THE GUINEA-PIG

The tea made with leaves and stems of plant Anchietia salutaris is traditionally used in Brazil to treat allergies. We examined the effects of a crude aqueous extract and of purified fractions of this plant on the histamine release induced in rat and guinea pig tissues. The crude extract (3-10 mu g/ml) inhibits the histamine release induced by compound 48/80 (0.5 mu g/ml) and antigen in rat peritoneal mast cells. The inhibition is significant after 10 s of preincubation and is completed after 3 min. The crude extract dissolved in the perfusion fluid (1-30 mu g/ml) also inhibits the histamine release induced in guinea pig heart by cardiac anaphylaxis and in hearts from pretreated animals (10-100 mg/kg i.p.). In pretreated animals, the effect manifests after 3 h, is maximum after 12 h and disappears after 48 h. The histamine release induced in isolated guinea pig heart by ionophore A23187 is inhibited by similar doses as in antigen-induced histamine release. Extraction with solvents concentrated the active principle (s) in the hexane fractions, as demonstrated by the inhibition of the histamine release induced by antigen in isolated cells from guinea pig heart dispersed with collagenase. In subfractions produced by the fractionation of the hexane fraction, the active principle(s) concentrated in the subfractions obtained by extraction with hexane and ethyl acetate, which shows the low polarity of the compound(s). The same subfractions that inhibit the histamine release induced by antigen in cells from guinea pig heart also inhibit pulmonary cells. Our result show that A. salutaris contains low-polarity compound(s) that inhibit the histamine release induced by three different mechanisms in mast cells from two animal species. These facts suggest that the active principle(s) of A, salutaris could be useful in the treatment of allergies and/or as a tool for the study of mast cell secretions.

Removal of epulis fissuratum associated to vestibuloplasty with carbon dioxide laser

There have been numerous surgical techniques developed for removing the epulis fissuratum lesions in order to improve alveolar ridge contour and improving adaptation of full prostheses. Most of these techniques can cause postoperative complications, such as oedema, pain, difficulty in swallowing and jaw movements, haemorrhage, infections and slow placement of final prostheses. The use of carbon dioxide (CO2) laser for the surgical removal of epulis lesions has resulted in many significant improvements including convenient mucosa removal, no bleeding or need for sutures, and minimal postoperative pain and oedema. This study is of 15 cases of removal of extensive epulis with vestibuloplasty in the maxilla and mandible that was carried out with CO2 laser, with no postoperative complications, rapid healing, and excellent aesthetic and functional outcome, all of which allowed for more rapid placement of final prosthesis.

Validation of an immunoassay method for the determination of traces of carbaryl in vegetable and fruit extracts by liquid chromatography with photodiode array and mass spectrometric detection

A competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method for carbaryl quantitation in crop extracts was validated by liquid chromatography (LC) with diode array detection (DAD). For this purpose, six crops (banana, carrot, green bean, orange, peach and potato) were chosen for recovery and reproducibility studies. The general sample preparation included extraction with methanol followed by liquid-liquid partitioning and clean-up on Celite-charcoal adsorbent column of the vegetable extracts. ELISA samples consisted of a diluted LC extract in assay phosphate buffer (pH 7.5). The potential effect of methanol in these samples was evaluated. It was observed that a maximum content of 10% methanol present in the assay buffer could be tolerated without expressive losses in the ELISA performance. Under these conditions, a IC50 similar to 1.48 mu g l(-1) was obtained. A minimum matrix effect with a 1:50 dilution of the methanolic extracts in assay buffer was noticed, except for green bean samples that inhibited completely the assay. For the vegetable extracts, the ELISA sensitivities varied from 3.9 to 5.7 mu g l(-1), and good recoveries (82-96%) with R.S.D.s ranging from 5.7 to 12.1% were found. An excellent correlation between the LC-DAD and ELISA techniques was obtained. The confirmation of the carbaryl in less concentrated samples was achieved by LC-mass spectrometry interfaced with atmospheric pressure chemical ionisation. The [M + H](+)= 202 and [M + H-57](+)=145 ions, equivalent to the protonated molecular and l-naphthol ions, respectively, were used to carbaryl identification in these samples. (C) 1998 Elsevier B.V. B.V. All rights reserved.

A simple and rapid extraction for gas chromatographic determination of thiabendazole and imazalil residues in lemons

A rapid and efficient method is described for the determination of thiabendazole and imazalil residues in lemons (peel and pulp). The procedure is based on the extraction with an hexane:ethyl acetate mixture (1:1, v/v) and gas chromatographic analysis using thermionic specific detection (TSD). The possibility of matrix effect was also studied. Mean recoveries from 8 replicates of fortified samples ranged from 79% to 109%, with relative standard deviation values between 2.4% to 12.8%. The detection and quantification limits of the method were 0.2 mg kg-1 and 0.5 mg kg-1, respectively.

Influence of carrageenan and total solids content on the rheological properties of lactic beverage made with yogurt and whey

The purpose of this work was to study the influence of carrageenan level (X 1) and total solids content of yogurt/whey mixture (X 2) on starter culture fermentation time, physicochetnical properties (pH, fat and total solids contents) and rheological characteristics of lactic beverages using response surface methodology. The physicochemical characteristics of the lactic beverages were similar to those of commercial products. All beverages showed non-Newtonian fluid behavior with thixotropy and yield stress. The total solids content of the lactic beverages had a greater influence on the rheological behavior of these products than the carrageenan level. Wide ranges of consistency measurements were observed by varying the stabilizer level and total solids content.

Reação histopatológica do tecido conjuntivo do dorso de ratos irradiado com laser de CO2 ou de Er:YAG

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Impacto do aumento da concentração de CO2 do ar sobre a brusone do arroz

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Efeito da idade de matriz e da exposição gradual ao CO2 na primeira fase de incubação sobre o desenvolvimento in ovo e desempenho de frangos de corte

Pós-graduação em Zootecnia - FCAV

Preparação de dispersões sólidas de praziquantel com polivinilpirrolidona pelo processo do fluido supercrítico

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Estudo clínico comparativo entre sutura convencional e vaporização a laser de dióxido de carbono (CO2) em pele de ratos

The proposal of this study was to compare a wound healing between conventional suture and vaporization with CO2 laser in rats skin. ln such case 24 rats were utilized, making two longitudinal incisions in dorsum by scalpel. ln the left side incision the wound was sutured with nylon thread. ln the right side incision the wound were close by approach and vaporized with C02 laser, defocusing, 8 watts in continuous mode. The wound healing was followed by clinical photographic taking at the times: immediately after the procedure, 24 hours, 3, 7, 14, and 21 days. The results showed an early delay of reparation in healing vaporized in comparison with the sutured one, however occurred 21 days both repair tissue showed the same clinical characteristic. This results suggested that the C02 laser can be used by eventual substitute of suture.