Oceanic protection of prebiotic organic compounds from UV radiation

It is frequently stated that UV light would cause massive destruction of prebiotic organic compounds because of the absence of an ozone layer. The elevated UV flux of the early sun compounds this problem. This applies to organic compounds of both terrestrial and extraterrestrial origin. Attempts to deal with this problem generally involve atmospheric absorbers. We show here that prebiotic organic polymers as well as several inorganic compounds are sufficient to protect oceanic organic molecules from UV degradation. This aqueous protection is in addition to any atmospheric UV absorbers and should be a ubiquitous planetary phenomenon serving to increase the size of planetary habitable zones.

Structural Determination of Organic Compounds Units

Units and slides for the Structural Determination of Organic Compounds subject

Thermal Degradation of Tetrabromobisphenol A: Emission of Polybrominated Dibenzo-P-Dioxins and Dibenzofurans and other Organic Compounds

Paper submitted to the 31st International Symposium on Halogenated Persistent Organic Compounds (Dioxin 2011), Brussels, Belgium, 21-25 August 2011.

Thyroid hormones and halogenated organic compounds in black-legged kittiwake (Rissa tridactyla) and northern fulmar (Fulmarus glacialis)

Thyroid hormones are essential for normal growth and development and disruption of thyroid homeostasis can be critical to young developing individuals. The aim of the present study was to assess plasma concentrations of halogenated organic contaminants (HOCs) in chicks of two seabird species and to investigate possible correlations of HOCs with circulating thyroid hormone (TH) concentrations. Plasma from black-legged kittiwake (Rissa tridactyla) and northern fulmar (Fulmarus glacialis) chicks were sampled in Kongsfjorden, Svalbard in 2006. The samples were analyzed for thyroid hormones and a wide range of HOCs (polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), hydroxylated (OH-) and methylsulphoned (MeSO-) PCB metabolites, organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), brominated flame retardants (BFRs), and perfluorinated compounds (PFCs)). Concentrations of HOCs were generally low in kittiwake and fulmar chicks compared to previous reports. HOC concentrations were five times higher in fulmar chicks compared to in kittiwake chicks. PFCs dominated the summed HOCs concentrations in both species (77% in kittiwakes and 69% in fulmars). Positive associations between total thyroxin (TT4) and PFCs (PFHpS, PFOS, PFNA) were found in both species. Although correlations do not implicate causal relationships per se, the correlations are of concern as disruption of TH homeostasis may cause developmental effects in young birds.

Technical assistance document for sampling and analysis of toxic organic compounds in ambient air /

Mode of access: Internet.

Organic compounds in organophosporus pesticide manufacturing wastewaters /

Issued Sept. 1978.

Investigations of biodegradability and toxicity of organic compounds /

Mode of access: Internet.

Bibliography of aquatic ecosystems effects, analytical methods and treatment technologies for organic compounds in advanced fossil-fuel processing effluents /

Mode of access: Internet.

Treatability of carcinogenic and other hazardous organic compounds/

Mode of access: Internet.

Research study of physicochemical techniques for the purification of organic compounds,

On cover: Distributed by: Clearinghouse for Federal Scientific and Technical Information, U.S. Dept. of Commerce.

Solubilities of inorganic and organic compounds : supplement to the third edition containing data published during the years 1939-1949 inclusive : a compilation of quantitative solubility data from the periodical literature /

Mode of access: Internet.

Dictionary of organic compounds; the constitution and physical and chemical properties of the principal carbon compounds and their derivatives, together with the relevant literature references.

Accompanied by "Supplement ... [to vol. 2-3]" (2 v.) Published: New York, Oxford University Press, 1943.