965 resultados para Obesidade - Limitações


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Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Ciência do Solo) - FCAV

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Nas últimas décadas, o mundo tem vivenciado um grande aumento da prevalência de obesidade. Entre os fatores que levam a esta condição, estão o sedentarismo e o consumo de alimentos altamente calóricos. A obesidade é considerada uma condição de inflamação crônica de baixo grau, que leva ao desenvolvimento de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis, como diabetes mellitus tipo 2 e hipertensão arterial. O consumo de compostos biologicamente ativos, dentre eles os flavonoides cítricos, tem mostrado ter papel importante no controle da inflamação, e de alterações no metabolismo decorrentes do excesso de peso e gordura corporal. Neste trabalho foram revisados trabalhos sobre flavonoides cítricos e seu papel na inflamação relacionada à obesidade, assim como nas alterações decorrentes desse processo. Os artigos foram divididos em dois grupos: suplementação com extratos de flavonoides e com flavonoides isolados. Nos dois grupos os trabalhos demonstraram o papel benéfico dos flavonoides cítricos no metabolismo lipídico, e diminuindo marcadores biológicos de inflamação, como proteínas e enzimas, tanto nos modelos experimentais quanto em linhagens celulares de adipócitos e hepatócitos. A redução de massa corpórea também foi observada em ratos e camundongos suplementados com os flavonoides cítricos. Entretanto, no que concerne à obesidade e diminuição da massa corpórea em humanos, os trabalhos são inconclusivos até o momento.

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Obesity is defined as excess body fat. It is considered today a serious public health problem and has reached high proportions in childhood and adolescence. Among factors highlight the lifestyle, poor diet and little physical activity for their development. Childhood obesity is not treated can become permanent in adulthood increases the risk of several diseases such as cardiovascular, metabolic and other disorders such as depression, low self-esteem among others. It's extreme need multidisciplinary intervention to prevent it, with guidelines on healthy eating habits and regular physical activity. Treatment is necessary in a multidisciplinary team of doctors, nutritionists, physical educators, psychologists and family that has a decisive weight in the treatment of obese children. The media could give more space for the disclosure of childhood obesity, so that the population is aware of this epidemic in a more serious understand its risks and health effects. This bibliographic study has character and aims to seek the causes of obesity, its consequences in adulthood and possible forms of intervention

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Overweight and obesity are pandemics and have been widely discussed in Public Health and Health at Work. Comorbidities such as metabolic syndrome, hypertension, diabetes mellitus type 2, orthopedic disorders and coronary diseases can induce to absenteeism, reduced work performance, disability and death. The aim of this review is to discuss the role of the nurse in control and prevention of these illnesses in the workplace. We concluded that occupational health nurses work should act proactively with a multidisciplinary team aimed at individual and collective monitoring of actions designed to control and prevent overweight and obesity. Furthermore, this professional should follow up the health of individual workers with a high body mass index in order to warn and prevent comorbidities related to these conditions.

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Obesity is fundamentally a problem of energy balance that develops when the energy intake is greater than the total energy expenditure (TEE). TEE is composed by the sum of resting energy expenditure (REE), thermal effect of foods and thermal effect of physical activity. Many factors can affect energy expenditure and energy homeostasis. Historically, the energy expenditure has been measured by indirect calorimetry. However, more recently, the use of doubly labeled water has allowed the assessment of energy expenditure in a 24 hour period, which expanded the knowledge on energy metabolism. Factors such as gender, age, thyroid disorders, physical activity and body composition affect REE as already established in the literature. However, there has been speculation whether other factors, such as adipocytokines and diet composition, which might be involved in the genesis of obesity by decreasing the REE. So, this paper aims to review the factors that can alter the energy metabolism.