Complex networks analysis of manual and machine translations

Complex networks have been increasingly used in text analysis, including in connection with natural language processing tools, as important text features appear to be captured by the topology and dynamics of the networks. Following previous works that apply complex networks concepts to text quality measurement, summary evaluation, and author characterization, we now focus on machine translation (MT). In this paper we assess the possible representation of texts as complex networks to evaluate cross-linguistic issues inherent in manual and machine translation. We show that different quality translations generated by NIT tools can be distinguished from their manual counterparts by means of metrics such as in-(ID) and out-degrees (OD), clustering coefficient (CC), and shortest paths (SP). For instance, we demonstrate that the average OD in networks of automatic translations consistently exceeds the values obtained for manual ones, and that the CC values of source texts are not preserved for manual translations, but are for good automatic translations. This probably reflects the text rearrangements humans perform during manual translation. We envisage that such findings could lead to better NIT tools and automatic evaluation metrics.

Cross-situational and supervised learning in the emergence of communication

Scenarios for the emergence or bootstrap of a lexicon involve the repeated interaction between at least two agents who must reach a consensus on how to name N objects using H words. Here we consider minimal models of two types of learning algorithms: cross-situational learning, in which the individuals determine the meaning of a word by looking for something in common across all observed uses of that word, and supervised operant conditioning learning, in which there is strong feedback between individuals about the intended meaning of the words. Despite the stark differences between these learning schemes, we show that they yield the same communication accuracy in the limits of large N and H, which coincides with the result of the classical occupancy problem of randomly assigning N objects to H words.

Evidence Algorithm and Processing Formalized Mathematical Texts

The goal of a research programme Evidence Algorithm is a development of an open system of automated proving that is able to accumulate mathematical knowledge and to prove theorems in a context of a self-contained mathematical text. By now, the first version of such a system called a System for Automated Deduction, SAD, is implemented in software. The system SAD possesses the following main features: mathematical texts are formalized using a specific formal language that is close to a natural language of mathematical publications; a proof search is based on special sequent-type calculi formalizing natural reasoning style, such as application of definitions and auxiliary propositions. These calculi also admit a separation of equality handling from deduction that gives an opportunity to integrate logical reasoning with symbolic calculation.

Os impactos do uso de tecnologia da informação e da identificação e captura automática de dados nos processos operacionais do varejo

Este trabalho objetivou identificar as principais tecnologias disponíveis de TI (Tecnologia da Informação) e de AIDC (Identificação e Captura Automática de Dados) para a área de varejo de autosserviço, para preencher a lacuna existente na literatura, sobre os benefícios de se usar novas tecnologias no ponto de venda, com vistas a otimizar sua operação. Para tanto, foram estudados os principais processos operacionais de uma loja de varejo de autosserviço, com vistas a identificar como as Tecnologias da Informação (TI) e de Identificação e Captura Automática de Dados (AIDC), poderiam ajudar a melhorar os resultados operacionais e agregar valor ao negócio. Para analisar suas proposições (de que o uso de TI e de AIDC podem ajudar na: redução dos tempos dos processos de retaguarda; redução do número de operações no ponto de venda; prevenção de perdas; redução dos custos e dos tempos para a realização dos inventários; redução do número de funcionários nas lojas; redução do tempo de fila no caixa; redução de rupturas e no aumento da eficiência operacional da loja), foram pesquisados diversos estudos de casos mundiais de empresas do segmento de varejo, que implementaram as tecnologias de AIDC e TI, principalmente a de RFID, para saber quais foram os impactos do uso destas tecnologias em suas operações e, em seguida, foi desenvolvido um Estudo de Caso abrangente, por meio do qual se objetivou entender os benefícios empresariais reais do uso destas tecnologias para o varejo de autosserviço. Como resultado final, foi possível identificar as mudanças nos processos operacionais do varejo de autosserviço, bem como os benefícios gerados em termos de custo, produtividade, qualidade, flexibilidade e inovação. O trabalho também evidenciou os pontos críticos de sucesso para a implementação da TI e das AIDC no varejo, que são: a revisão dos processos operacionais; a correta definição do hardware; dos insumos; do software; das interferências do ambiente físico; da disponibilização dos dados/informações dos produtos; das pessoas/funcionários e dos parceiros de negócios/fornecedores. De maneira mais específica, este trabalho buscou contribuir para o enriquecimento do campo de estudos no segmento de varejo e para o uso da tecnologia da informação, no Brasil, já que o assunto sobre o uso e o impacto de novas tecnologias no ponto de vendas, ainda permanece pouco explorado academicamente.

Touch ‘n’ sketch: pen and fingers on a multi-touch sketch application for tablet PC’s

In many creative and technical areas, professionals make use of paper sketches for developing and expressing concepts and models. Paper offers an almost constraint free environment where they have as much freedom to express themselves as they need. However, paper does have some disadvantages, such as size and not being able to manipulate the content (other than remove it or scratch it), which can be overcome by creating systems that can offer the same freedom people have from paper but none of the disadvantages and limitations. Only in recent years has the technology become massively available that allows doing precisely that, with the development in touch‐sensitive screens that also have the ability to interact with a stylus. In this project a prototype was created with the objective of finding a set of the most useful and usable interactions, which are composed of combinations of multi‐touch and pen. The project selected Computer Aided Software Engineering (CASE) tools as its application domain, because it addresses a solid and well‐defined discipline with still sufficient room for new developments. This was the result from the area research conducted to find an application domain, which involved analyzing sketching tools from several possible areas and domains. User studies were conducted using Model Driven Inquiry (MDI) to have a better understanding of the human sketch creation activities and concepts devised. Then the prototype was implemented, through which it was possible to execute user evaluations of the interaction concepts created. Results validated most interactions, in the face of limited testing only being possible at the time. Users had more problems using the pen, however handwriting and ink recognition were very effective, and users quickly learned the manipulations and gestures from the Natural User Interface (NUI).

Os paradoxos de Prior e o calculo proposicional deôntico relevante E¹.

Cruz, Ângela Maria Paiva. Os paradoxos de Prior e o cálculo proposicional deôntico relevante. Princípios, Natal, v. 4, p. 05-18, 1996.

Escuta clínica e atitude fenomenológica no atendimento à pessoa surda: reflexões sobre um processo psicoterápico

Psychology uses listening as a work resource. When it comes to psychotherapy, listening establishes communication and makes psychologist-client dialogue easier. This qualitative research aims to discuss the clinic listening in phenomenological attitude in existential-phenomenological psychotherapy with deaf people. This perspective is based on the thinking of German philosopher Martin Heidegger, who considers humane a being-with and being-in-the-world, always unveiling meanings. Regarding the deaf people, Libras is currently the natural language of Brazilian deaf people. In this new language configuration, communication occurs in a visual-spatial modality. Thus, listening and speech gain new dimensions, demanding different ways of understanding in the field of psychotherapy. To the development of this research, we present excerpts from therapeutic sessions narratives with a deaf client, interpreted in the light of Heidegger s hermeneutics. We consider that it is possible for the psychotherapist to listen to deaf people in phenomenological attitude. Such position, which does not naturalize and limit the humane, helps so that the clients do not feel responsible for their existence and can hermeneutically converse in their language. In this context, the psychologist must be qualified to conduct the treatment in Libras. We hope that this research can, somehow, fill the existing gap of the scientific production about such theme in the field of Psychology and, mainly, instigate discussion in the context of Psychology courses on the importance and need to qualify psychologists for the management of clinical practice with deaf people

Cultura e identidade surdas: encruzilhada de lutas sociais e teóricas

As expressões cultura e identidade surdas têm se legitimado, principalmente, pela defesa da língua de sinais como sendo a língua natural dos surdos. Essa defesa se faz por meio de uma inversão teórica que toma a língua, num primeiro momento, como determinada pelas práticas e interações sociais e, num segundo, faz dela a definidora dessas mesmas práticas. Este artigo discute os mecanismos de legitimação dessa inversão e suas implicações sociais e teóricas.

A new proposal for the picture changing operators in the minimal pure spinor formalism

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)