Health-related quality of life in rural children living in four European countries: the GABRIEL study

OBJECTIVE Measuring children's health-related quality of life (HRQOL) is of growing importance given increasing chronic diseases. By integrating HRQOL questions into the European GABRIEL study, we assessed differences in HRQOL between rural farm and non-farm children from Germany, Austria, Switzerland and Poland to relate it to common childhood health problems and to compare it to a representative, mostly urban German population sample (KIGGS). METHODS The parents of 10,400 school-aged children answered comprehensive questionnaires including health-related questions and the KINDL-R questions assessing HRQOL. RESULTS Austrian children reported highest KINDL-R scores (mean: 80.9; 95 % CI [80.4, 81.4]) and Polish children the lowest (74.5; [73.9, 75.0]). Farm children reported higher KINDL-R scores than non-farm children (p = 0.002). Significantly lower scores were observed in children with allergic diseases (p < 0.001), with sleeping difficulties (p < 0.001) and in overweight children (p = 0.04). The German GABRIEL sample reported higher mean scores (age 7-10 years: 80.1, [79.9, 80.4]; age 11-13 years: 77.1, [74.9, 79.2]) compared to the urban KIGGS study (age 7-10 years: 79.0, [78.7-79.3]; age 11-13 years: 75.1 [74.6-75.6]). Socio-demographic or health-related factors could not explain differences in HRQOL between countries. CONCLUSIONS Future increases in chronic diseases may negatively impact children's HRQOL.

Der rabbinische Rationalismus : eine Unterredung d. Grafen Gabriel (Tureson) von Oxenstirn mit d. Rabbiner Isac Vita Cantarini aus Padua (1693)

mit Vorw., Einl. u. Anm. von Samuel Modlinger. Aus d. Französ. mit Textbeil.

Gabriel Riessers Leben nebst Mittheilungen aus seinen Briefen

von M. Isler

Gabriel Adler, weiland Bezirksrabbiner in Oberdorf : ein Lichtbild

von Alexander Elsässer

Gabriel Riesser, ein Rechtsanwalt : Vortrag im Mendelssohn-Verein zu Dresden

geh. von Emil Lehmann

Aufforderung zur Errichtung eines Denkmals für Dr. Gabriel Riesser

Ludwig Philippson

Gabriel Rießer, ein Kämpfer für Recht und Freiheit : Vortrag geh. am 3. Febr. 1890 ...

von M. Silberstein

Mus Hs 1629 - Missae II : 1 ex db, 2 ex Gb : canto, alto, tenore, basso, 2 violini, alto viola, 2 corni, tympani et organo

Besetzung: Coro S, Coro A, Coro T, Coro B, Vl 1 2, Va, Trp 1 2, Timp, Org

Gabriel Riessers gesammelte Schriften

hrsg. von M. Isler

Briefe von Lazarus und Gabriel Rießer

Gabriel Riesser

Briefe von und an Gabriel Riesser

Gabriel Riesser

Merkwürdige Schicksale des berühmten Rabbinen R. Lippmann Heller, in den Jahren 1629-1644 von ihm selbst beschrieben

Isaak Markus Jost