Evaluation of techniques for warning of slow-moving vehicles ahead: executive summary. Final report.

Mode of access: Internet.

A cost/benefit study of a potential automotive safety program on daylight running lights. Final report.

Mode of access: Internet.

Virginibus puerisque, and other papers,

Virginibus puerisque.--Crabbed age and youth.--An apology of idlers.--Ordered south.--Æs triplex.--El Dorado.--The English admirals.--Some portraits by Raeburn.--Child's play.--Walking tours.--Pan's pipes.--A plea for gas lamps.

Virginibus puerisque, and other papers /

Virginibus puerisque -- Crabbed age and youth -- An apology of idlers -- Ordered south -- Aes triplex -- El Dorado -- The English admirals -- Some portraits by Raeburn -- Child's play -- Walking tours -- Pan's pipes -- A plea for gas lamps.

The legacy of Greece; essays

The value of Greece to the future of the world, by G. Murray.--Religion, by W. R. Inge.--Philosophy, by J. Burnet.--Mathematics and astronomy, by Sir T. L. Heath.--Natural science, by D'Arcy W. Thompson.--Biology, by C. Singer.--Medicine, by C. Singer.--Literature, by R. W. Livingstone.--History, byA. Toynbee.--Political thought, by A. E. Zimmern.--The lamps of Greek art, by P. Gardner.--Architecture, by Sir R. Blomfield.

Virginibus puerisque, and other papers /

Contents.--"Virginibus puerisque."--Crabbed age and youth.--An apology for idlers.--Ordered South.--Æstriplex.--El Dorado.--The English admirals.--Some portraits by Raeburn.--Child's play.--Walking tours.--Pan's pipes.--A plea for gas lamps.

The works of John Ruskin.

v. 1-4. Modern painters.-v.5-6. The stones of Venice.-v.7. Seven lamps of architecture. Lectures on architecture and painting. The study of architecture. Poetry of architecture.-v.8. Two paths ... on art. Lectures on art. Political economy of art. Pre-Raphaelitism. Notes on the construction of sheepfolds. King of the golden river.-v.9. Elements of drawing. Elements of perspective. Aratra pentelici.-v.10. Ariadne Florentina. Fors clavigera.-v.11. Sesame and lilies. Ethics of the dust. Crown of wild olive. Queen of the air.-v.12. Time and tide. Unto this last. Munera pulveris. Eagle's nest.

M.U. Horace H. Rackham Educational Memorial, Detroit

Harley & Ellington, architects. W.E. Wood Co., contractor. Built from July 1940 to January 1942. Built jointly for the Engineering Society of Detroit and the University as an Extension Service facility in Detroit. Funded by the Horace H. and Mary A. Rackham Fund. Sculptures on exterior by Marshall Fredericks.

M.U. Horace H. Rackham Educational Memorial, Detroit

Harley & Ellington, architects. W.E. Wood Co., contractor. Built from July 1940 to January 1942. Built jointly for the Engineering Society of Detroit and the University as an Extension Service facility in Detroit. Funded by the Horace H. and Mary A. Rackham Fund. Sculptures on exterior by Marshall Fredericks.

Detroit Rackham

Harley & Ellington, architects. W.E. Wood Co., contractor. Built from July 1940 to January 1942. Built jointly for the Engineering Society of Detroit and the University as an Extension Service facility in Detroit. Funded by the Horace H. and Mary A. Rackham Fund. Sculptures on exterior by Marshall Fredericks.

Detroit Rackham

Harley & Ellington, architects. W.E. Wood Co., contractor. Built from July 1940 to January 1942. Built jointly for the Engineering Society of Detroit and the University as an Extension Service facility in Detroit. Funded by the Horace H. and Mary A. Rackham Fund. Sculptures on exterior by Marshall Fredericks.

Depth of cure and surface microhardness of composite resin cured with blue LED curing lights

Objectives. This study examined the depth of cure and surface microhardness of Filtek Z250 composite resin (3M-Espe) (shades B1, A3, and C4) when cured with three commercially available tight emitting diode (LED) curing lights [E-light (GC), Elipar Freelight (3M-ESPE), 475H (RF Lab Systems)], compared with a high intensity quartz tungsten halogen (HQTH) light (Kerr Demetron Optilux 501) and a conventional quartz tungsten halogen (QTH) lamp (Sirona S1 dental unit). Methods. The effects of light source and resin shade were evaluated as independent variables. Depth of cure after 40 s of exposure was determined using the ISO 4049:2000 method, and Vickers hardness determined at 1.0 mm intervals. Results. HQTH and QTH lamps gave the greatest depth of cure. The three LED lights showed similar performances across all parameters, and each unit exceeded the ISO standard for depth of cure except GC ELight for shade B1. In terms of shade, LED lights gave greater curing depths with A3 shade, while QTH and HQTH tights gave greater curing depths with C4 shade. Hardness at the resin surface was not significantly different between LED and conventional curing lights, however, below the surface, hardness reduced more rapidly for the LED lights, especially at depths beyond 3 mm. Significance. Since the performance of the three LED lights meets the ISO standard for depth of cure, these systems appear suitable for routine clinical application for resin curing. (C) 2003 Academy of Dental Materials. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Optimization of anterior eye fluorescein viewing

Purpose: To optimize anterior eye fluorescein viewing and image capture. Design: Prospective experimental investigation. Methods: The spectral radiance of ten different models of slit-lamp blue luminance and the spectral transmission of three barrier filters were measured. Optimal clinical instillation of fluorescein was evaluated by a comparison of four different instillation methods of fluorescein into 10 subjects. Two methods used a floret, and two used minims of different concentration. The resulting fluorescence was evaluated for quenching effects and efficiency over time. Results: Spectral radiance of the blue illumination typically had an average peak at 460 nm. Comparison between three slit-lamps of the same model showed a similar spectral radiance distribution. Of the slit-lamps examined, 8.3% to 50.6% of the illumination output was optimized for >80% fluorescein excitation, and 1.2% to 23.5% of the illumination overlapped with that emitted by the fluorophore. The barrier filters had an average cut-off at 510 to 520 nm. Quenching was observed for all methods of fluorescein instillation. The moistened floret and the 1% minim reached a useful level of fluorescence in on average ∼20s (∼2.5× faster than the saturated floret and 2% minim) and this lasted for ∼160 seconds. Conclusions: Most slit-lamps' blue light and yellow barrier filters are not optimal for fluorescein viewing and capture. Instillation of fluorescein using a moistened floret or 1% minim seems most clinically appropriate as lower quantities and concentrations of fluorescein improve the efficiency of clinical examination. © 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

An investigation to determine the influence of illumination sources on colour discrimination in normal subjects and smokers

Accurate colour vision testing requires using the correct illumination. With the plethora of 'daylight' lamps available, is there a cost-effective alternative to the discontinued MacBeth Easel lamp? Smoking is a known risk factor for macula degeneration. As the macula is responsible for colour discrimination, any toxin that affects it has the potential to influence colour discrimination. Aims: To find a costeffective light source for colour vision testing. To investigate the effect of smoking on colour discrimination. To explore how deuteranomalous trichromats compare with normal trichromats. Methods: Using the Ishihara colour vision test subjects were classified into the groups: 'Normal/Control', 'Smoker/Test', and 'Case Study' (subjects who failed the screening test and did not smoke). They completed the Farnsworth Munsell 100 Hue test under each of the three light sources: Phillips EcoHalo Twist (tungsten halogen - THL), Kosnic KCF07ALU/GU10-865 (compact fluorescent- CFL), and Deal Guardian Ltd. GU103X2WA4B-60 (light-emitting diode - LED) Results: 42 subjects took part in the study: 18 in the Normal/Control group, 18 in the Smoker/Test group, and 6 in the Case Study group. For the Normal/Control group the total error scores (TESs) were significantly lower with the CFL than with the THL (p = 0.017) as it was for the Case Study group (p = 0.009). No significant differences were found between the Normal/Control group and the Smoker/Test group for each light source. Decision tree analysis found pack years to be a significant variable for TES. Discussion: All three light sources were comparable with previous studies. The CFL provided better colour discrimination than the LED despite them both being 6500 K. Deuteranomalous trichromats showed a greatest deviation than normal trichromats using the LED. Conclusions: The Kosnic KCF07ALU/GU10-865 is a cost-effective alternative for colour vision testing. Smoking appears to have an effect on colour vision, but requires further investigation.

Estimation of the temperature of a radiating body by measuring the stationary temperatures of a thermometer placed at different distances

This paper presents a novel method for determining the temperature of a radiating body. The experimental method requires only very common instrumentation. It is based on the measurement of the stationary temperature of an object placed at different distances from the body and on the application of the energy balance equation in a stationary state. The method allows one to obtain the temperature of an inaccessible radiating body when radiation measurements are not available. The method has been applied to the determination of the filament temperature of incandescent lamps of different powers.