Globaliza����o de capacidades tecnol��gicas inovadoras e o papel de subsidi��rias de empresas transnacionais (ETNs) no contexto de pa��ses em desenvolvimento: a trajet��ria de uma empresa do setor de TIC no Brasil

This dissertation seeks to add new evidence to the international debate on globalization of innovation in the developing countries context. Globalization of innovation, in this dissertation, is defined and measured by the types, levels and rate of innovative technological capability accumulation and the underlying technological learning processes (sources of capabilities) at the firm level in late-industrializing countries �� or developing countries. This relationship is examined within a large transnational corporation (TNC) subsidiary of the information and communication technology (ICT) sector in Brasil: Motorola do Brasil during over the period from 1996 to 2006. In the international literature there is a strong debate on the extent to which innovative technological capabilities have been spreading internationally. But, the most of the studies are focused on early industrialized countries. In other words, there is still a scarcity of analysis, mainly at the firm level, from the perspective of developing countries. This dissertation supports itself in analytical basis developed in the international literature on accumulation of technological capabilities and learning in the context of developing countries. The learning processes examined in this dissertation are: (i) intra-firm learning processes; (ii) inter-firm learning processes (links between mother and sister companies); and (iii) links between the firm and other organizations of the innovation system (universities, research institutes, among others). Based on first-hand empirical evidence, qualitative and quantitative, collected on the basis of extensive fieldwork, this dissertation examines these issues with adequate level of detail and depth, in this large company in Brazil. The study results suggest that: Concerning the path of the technological capability accumulation, the firm exhibited heterogeneity in the path of accumulation of technological capabilities to distinct functions. For the functions Software Engineering and Process and Management Project the firm reached the Level 6 (Innovative Intermediate Superior), on a scale that ranges from 1 to 7; In relation to technological capability sources, the firm deliberately sought and built sources of knowledge in order to develop and sustain its innovative technological capabilities. The dissertation, thus, contributes to adding new empirical evidence to the debate on globalization of innovative capabilities from a late-industrializing perspective.

Globaliza����o de capacidades tecnol��gicas inovadoras e o papel de subsidi��rias de empresas transnacionais( ETNs) No contexto de pa��ses em desenvolvimento: a trajet��ria de uma empresa do setor de TIC no Brasil

This dissertation seeks to add new evidence to the international debate on globalization of innovation in the developing countries context. Globalization of innovation, in this dissertation, is defined and measured by the types, levels and rate of innovative technological capability accumulation and the underlying technological learning processes (sources of capabilities) at the firm level in late-industrializing countries �� or developing countries. This relationship is examined within a large transnational corporation (TNC) subsidiary of the information and communication technology (ICT) sector in Brasil: Motorola do Brasil during over the period from 1996 to 2006. In the international literature there is a strong debate on the extent to which innovative technological capabilities have been spreading internationally. But, the most of the studies are focused on early industrialized countries. In other words, there is still a scarcity of analysis, mainly at the firm level, from the perspective of developing countries. This dissertation supports itself in analytical basis developed in the international literature on accumulation of technological capabilities and learning in the context of developing countries. The learning processes examined in this dissertation are: (i) intra-firm learning processes; (ii) inter-firm learning processes (links between mother and sister companies); and (iii) links between the firm and other organizations of the innovation system (universities, research institutes, among others). Based on first-hand empirical evidence, qualitative and quantitative, collected on the basis of extensive fieldwork, this dissertation examines these issues with adequate level of detail and depth, in this large company in Brazil. The study results suggest that: Concerning the path of the technological capability accumulation, the firm exhibited heterogeneity in the path of accumulation of technological capabilities to distinct functions. For the functions Software Engineering and Process and Management Project the firm reached the Level 6 (Innovative Intermediate Superior), on a scale that ranges from 1 to 7; In relation to technological capability sources, the firm deliberately sought and built sources of knowledge in order to develop and sustain its innovative technological capabilities. The dissertation, thus, contributes to adding new empirical evidence to the debate on globalization of innovative capabilities from a late-industrializing perspective.

Gest��o de defesa: o sistema de inova����o no segmento de n��o-guerra

Com o fim da Guerra Fria e os acontecimentos que marcaram o ���onze de setembro���, novas amea��as surgiram, impactando negativamente a percep����o de seguran��a coletiva, e impondo profundas modifica����es nas estruturas e no modo de atua����o do Poder Militar de diversas na����es. A marginalidade social, o narcotr��fico, o crime organizado, a degrada����o do meio ambiente e outras tantas amea��as, fizeram com que algumas na����es se vissem motivadas a empregar suas For��as Armadas, prioritariamente, no combate a estas mazelas, ou seja, nas opera����es de n��o-guerra. Este fen��meno vem causando uma ebuli����o nas ci��ncias militares, com reflexo no campo social, pol��tico e econ��mico, provocando um processo conhecido como ���Transforma����o da Defesa���, que s�� �� vi��vel com a ruptura de alguns modelos tradicionais de administra����o e com a introdu����o de uma nova cultura organizacional que promova um ambi-ente adequado ao processo de inova����es no setor de Defesa. Para fazer gest��o deste processo, deve haver um sistema de inova����o setorial de Defesa, j�� que o atual modelo, conforme apon-tou a investiga����o, �� fragmentado e desarticulado, que produz, fundamentalmente, inova����es incrementais e, raramente as de ruptura. Trata-se de um sistema virtual, que n��o existe for-malmente como tal, mas que possui toda a infraestrutura necess��ria para funcionar como um sistema formal e gerenci��vel. A pesquisa, de car��ter epistemol��gico estruturalista, teve por objetivo desenvolver um modelo conceitual para gest��o do sistema de inova����o do setor de Defesa (segmento de n��o-guerra), com base em uma estrutura subjacente desvelada, que, de forma oculta, d�� suporte ao sistema atual. O desvelamento desta estrutura permitiu concluir que, no campo estudado, os agentes do sistema de inova����o, agindo de acordo com seus inte-resses, mobilizam, de forma consciente ou inconsciente, os fatores valorativos da inova����o presentes na cultura organizacional em que est��o imersos, os quais, juntamente com a influ��n-cia dos fatores de suporte (o Capital), s��o fundamentais para a forma����o de alian��as e, em consequ��ncia, para o processo de inova����o no segmento de n��o-guerra do setor de Defesa. Como era esperado, o desvelamento da estrutura subjacente propiciou a realiza����o de um di-agn��stico preciso do sistema estudado, permitindo ao pesquisador o lan��amento de um olhar cr��tico sobre o mesmo, o que contribui para a proposi����o de uma interven����o segura no modelo vigente. O modelo proposto buscou incentivar, tamb��m, a cria����o, o avan��o e a difus��o das inova����es n��o-tecnol��gicas, contrapondo-se ao atual, que privilegia fundamentalmente a abordagem tecnol��gica. Adicionalmente, foram sugeridas algumas medidas, no sentido de incrementar as intera����es entre os principais agentes do sistema.

Open innovation and the challenges of human resource management

This paper considers challenges of Human Resource Management (HRM) in Open Innovation processes. It examines which strategies managers used to overcome these problems in the case of the Brazilian Oil and Gas company Petrobras. By conducting an inductive case study it develops a contextual model based on the use of grounded theory. It argues that the most important categories were to overcome problems of (a) the interpersonal relationship, (b) power shifting inside the organization, and (c) making people more valuable to the organization and shows how managers tackled these challenges. It contributes with a deep analysis of HRM challenges in Open Innovation that is important for a better understanding of management problems that can come along with Open Innovation processes.

Da bancada ao Bureau: an��lise do desenvolvimento da biotecnologia no Nordeste Brasileiro sob o enfoque de Sistema Regional de Inova����o

The starting point of the present work consisted of investigating the development of biotechnology in the Northeast region of Brazil from the perspective of a Regional Innovation System (RIS). The theoretical framework adopted relied on the approaches and concepts presented by the Neo-Schumpeterian perspective. This framework was chosen because, by means of the Innovation System concept, this literature allows us to analyze the relationships and configurations of actors, as well as the role of the state and of social, science and technology, and economic policies in the studied region. The analysis considered four selected dimensions: physical infrastructure, human capital, scientific production, and funding. These variables were chosen because they allow us to verify the possibilities and limitations of developing a biotechnology RIS in the Northeast of Brazil, and these elements would help in answering the question behind this dissertation. The location of the physical infrastructure was determined by means of bibliographic and documental research and interviews with heads of institutions that do biotechnology research. Regarding human capital, the analysis focused on resource training in biotechnology, highlighting graduate courses and research groups in the area. To measure knowledge production, we delimited scientific collaboration among researchers in the field of biotechnology as the focus of this category. For the funding dimension, information was gathered from reports available at the websites of national and state funding agencies. The data was analyzed through method triangulation, involving quantitative and qualitative research stages. To back the analyses, we revisited the integration policies in the area of Science, Technology and Innovation. Our analysis has shown that these policies play a crucial role in the development of biotechnology in the region being studied. The data revealed that the physical infrastructure is concentrated in only three states (Bahia, Cear��, and Pernambuco). In this regard, the Northeast Biotechnology Network (Renorbio) stands out as a strategic actor, enabling states with poor infrastructure to develop research through partnerships with institutions located in another state. We have also verified that the practices involving human resource training and knowledge production are factors that enable the emergence of a regional system for biotechnology in the studied region. As limitations, we have verified the low immersion level of regional actors, the heterogeneity of socioeconomic indicators, the lack of financial resources, and a low innovation culture in the business sector. Overall, we have concluded that the development of a Regional Innovation System in Biotechnology, based on the current regional dynamics, depends on an effective change in the behavior of the social agents involved, both in the national and regional dimensions as well as in the public and private spheres

A educa����o permanente em sa��de na ��tica dos cirurgi��es dentistas

This study aimed to examine the perception of dentist-surgeon about the Permanent Education in Health (PEH). It is characterized as a qualitative research with focus in the field of public health policies. It refers specifically to the development of Permanent Education policy in Health in the state of Rio Grande do Norte. They were participants of this research 42 dentist surgeons and 83.3% females and 16.7% males, participants in Specialization courses approved and agreed by the Permanent Education Center in Health (PEC-RN) in the period 2005 to 2007. These professionals are part of the Family Health Strategy (FHS), and 11.9% work in management at the central level and 88.1% are directly related to oral health care in the Basic Health Units of the Family, 30 cities in the state. Data collection was through a questionnaire, with questions that guided the research development and achieve the objectives proposed. The socio-demographic data were analyzed using the descriptive statistics and subjective content was subjected to content analysis by Bardin. The emerging categories from the textual material generated by respondents were: program content, methodological approach and concepts of Permanent Education in Health. The subjects surveyed reported that the program content is more comprehensive and directs to the reflection of everyday practices, with regard to the methodological approach, concern that occurs through discussion and reflection with dynamic, participative, varied and constructive activities, questioning and putting as the main focus. As for understanding of the concepts of the PEH, there was a consensus that define as education stable strategies which contributing to transform and improve the health workers to have the upgrade, improvement of practices, being based on everyday experience and taking into account the accumulation and renewal of these experiences. Therefore, results presented showed that there is a clear understanding of the subjects on the proposals and guidelines of the PEH. It was concluded that lack continuous access to the policies proposed by Ministry of Health involving health workers, managers, communities, through social control and the teaching-service integration and that they are worked within the health system and can classify all these segments of society favor the existence of a more participatory, effective, fair and better quality health service

Building long term strategies and public-private alliances for export development: the Finnish case

Includes Bibliography

Business development service centres in Italy. An empirical analysis of three regional experiences: Emilia Romagna, Lombardia y Veneto

Includes bibliography

Science and technology policies in open economies: the case of Latin America and the Caribbean

Includes bibliography

Sistema nacional de inova����o agr��cola: um exame da intera����o entre Embrapa e as empresas privadas

P��s-gradua����o em Economia - FCLAR

A co-evolu����o dos elementos do sistema setorial de inova����o do setor automotivo

Coordena����o de Aperfei��oamento de Pessoal de N��vel Superior (CAPES)

Ado����o e difus��o de inova����o no estado do Par��: uma an��lise a partir do sistema regional de inova����o (1995 - 2006)

Em um contexto econ��mico em que fatores intang��veis, como inova����o e aprendizado assumem cada vez mais import��ncia no processo produtivo, a abordagem sobre sistema de inova����o revela-se um importante instrumento de pol��tica de desenvolvimento regional. A condi����o pouco desenvolvida do estado do Par�� revela uma economia assentada na produ����o prim��ria, com baixa intensidade tecnol��gica e pouca competitividade. Com intuito de demonstrar a capacidade inovadora do estado do Par�� na ��tica do seu sistema regional de inova����o, a pesquisa buscou identificar processos de ado����o e difus��o de inova����o, em tr��s diferentes setores, al��m de analisar a rela����o universidade-setor produtivo e a pol��tica estadual de C&T. Os resultados demonstraram que apesar da exist��ncia de um importante arranjo institucional de P&D, a aus��ncia de intera����o entre os agentes restringe o processo de gera����o, difus��o e ado����o de novas tecnologias no estado, denotando assim sua reduzida capacidade inovadora. Essa condi����o �� agravada pela fragilidade da pol��tica estadual de C&T, configurando assim um sistema regional de inova����o fragmentado e desarticulado.

Innovation efforts and performances of Brazilian firms

We analyze the relationship between innovation and firms' performance in Brazil using a comprehensive database that cross-references innovation information by PINTEC (Technological Innovation Research) of the IBGE (Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics) and financial information from Serasa and Gazeta Mercantil. Results from the structural equation modeling suggest that variables associating with investments in innovation, which are connected to the innovative effort of a company, do not explain financial performance significantly. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

The implementation of DRG-based hospital reimbursement in Switzerland: A population-based perspective

Background Switzerland introduces a DRG (Diagnosis Related Groups) based system for hospital financing in 2012 in order to increase efficiency and transparency of Swiss health care. DRG-based hospital reimbursement is not simultaneously realized in all Swiss cantons and several cantons already implemented DRG-based financing irrespective of the national agenda, a setting that provides an opportunity to compare the situation in different cantons. Effects of introducing DRGs anticipated for providers and insurers are relatively well known but it remains less clear what effects DRGs will have on served populations. The objective of the study is therefore to analyze differences of volume and major quality indicators of care between areas with or without DRG-based hospital reimbursement from a population based perspective. Methods Small area analysis of all hospitalizations in acute care hospitals and of all consultations reimbursed by mandatory basic health insurance for physicians in own practice during 2003-2007. Results The results show fewer hospitalizations and a relocation of resources to outpatient care in areas with DRG reimbursement. Overall burden of disease expressed as per capita DRG cost weights was almost identical between the two types of hospital reimbursement and no distinct temporal differences were detected in this respect. But the results show considerably higher 90-day rehospitalization rates in DRG areas. Conclusion The study provides evidence of both desired and harmful effects related to the implementation of DRGs. Systematic monitoring of outcomes and quality of care are therefore essential elements to maintain in the Swiss health system after DRG's are implemented on a nationwide basis in 2012.

Exploring the effectiveness of development research with a monitoring and learning approach

There is a growing demand for better understanding of the link between research, policy and practice in development. This article provides findings from a study that aimed to gain insights into how researchers engage with their non-academic partners. It draws on experiences from the National Centre of Competence in Research North-South programme, a development research network of Swiss, African, Asian and Latin American institutions. Conceptually, this study is concerned with research effectiveness as a means to identify knowledge useful for society. Research can be improved and adapted when monitoring the effects of interactions between researchers and non-academic partners. Therefore, a monitoring and learning approach was chosen. This study reveals researchers' strategies in engaging with non-academic partners and points to framing conditions considered decisive for soccessful interactions. It concludes that reserachrs need to systematically analyse the socio-political context in which they intervene. By providing insights from the ground and reflecting on them in the light of the latest theoretical concepts, this article contributes to the emerging literature founded on practice-based experience.