MINLP Optimization Algorithm for the Synthesis of Heat and Work Exchange Networks

This paper introduces a new optimization model for the simultaneous synthesis of heat and work exchange networks. The work integration is performed in the work exchange network (WEN), while the heat integration is carried out in the heat exchanger network (HEN). In the WEN synthesis, streams at high-pressure (HP) and low-pressure (LP) are subjected to pressure manipulation stages, via turbines and compressors running on common shafts and stand-alone equipment. The model allows the use of several units of single-shaft-turbine-compressor (SSTC), as well as helper motors and generators to respond to any shortage and/or excess of energy, respectively, in the SSTC axes. The heat integration of the streams occurs in the HEN between each WEN stage. Thus, as the inlet and outlet streams temperatures in the HEN are dependent of the WEN design, they must be considered as optimization variables. The proposed multi-stage superstructure is formulated in mixed-integer nonlinear programming (MINLP), in order to minimize the total annualized cost composed by capital and operational expenses. A case study is conducted to verify the accuracy of the proposed approach. The results indicate that the heat integration between the WEN stages is essential to enhance the work integration, and to reduce the total cost of process due the need of a smaller amount of hot and cold utilities.

The assayer's guide : or, practical directions to assayers, miners, and smelters, for the tests and assays, by heat and by wet processes, of the ores of all the principal metals, and of gold and silver coins and alloys, and of coal etc. /

Catalogue of practical and scientific books, published by Henry Carey Baird ... [24 p.] at end.

Estimation of U.S. coal reserves by coal type : heat and sulfur content.

"DOE/EIA-0529."

An essay on the theory of the production of animal heat : and his application in the tratment of cutaneus eruptions, inflammations and some other diseases /

Mode of access: Internet.

Elements of physics; or, Natural philosophy, general and medical : written for universal use, in plain or non-technical language; and containing new disquistions and practical suggestions. Comprised in five parts. 1st. Somatology, statics, and dynamics. 2nd. Mechanics. 3rd Pneumatics, hydraulics, and acoustics. 4th. Heat and light. 5th. Animal and medical physics ... /

Mode of access: Internet.

Soviet research and development in mass transfer chemical engineering unit operations.

"PAL 60-16"

Town gas and its uses for the production of light, heat, and motive power,

Mode of access: Internet.

A practical treatise on warming buildings by hot water; on ventilation, and the various methods of distributing artificial heat, and their effects on animal and vegetable physiology. To which are added, an inquiry into the laws of radiant and conducted heat, the chemical constitution of coal, and the combustion of smoke.

"In the present work there have been incorporated several papers ... which have been read before the Institution of Civil Engineers; and also the author's articles on 'Stoves' and 'Ventilation,' published in the Encyclopædia metropolitana."--Pref.

A summons of wakening; or, The evil tendency and danger of speculative philosophy, exemplified in Mr. Leslie's Inquiry into the nature of heat, and Mr. Malthus's Essay on population, and in that speculative system of common law. which is at present administered in these kingdoms. To which is subjoined, a prospetus of an inquiry into the origin of government and law.

Mode of access: Internet.

The causes of heat and cold in the several climates and situations of this globe, so far as they depend upon the rays of the sun, considered in order to shew that the difference of heat and cold in other countries may be nearly ascertained by a thermometer. As it was read to the Royal society.

Armorial book-plate mounted on verse of t.-p.

The construction and use of a thermometer, for shewing the extremes of temperature in the atmosphere, during the observer's absence. Together with experiments on the variations of local heat; and other meteorological observations.

Mode of access: Internet.

Models for fire-driven heat and moisture transport in soils /

"May 1996."

A treatise on the steam-engine in its various applications to mines, mills, steam navigation, railways, and agriculture with theoretical investigations respecting the motive power of heat and the proper proportions of steam-engines, elaborate tables of the right dimensions of every part and practical instructions for the manufacture and management of every species of engine in actual use,

Mode of access: Internet.

Electrochemical deposition of cupric ions for the determination of mass transfer rates to a stepped rotating cylinder electrode

The stepped rotating cylinder electrode (SRCE) geometry has been developed as a simple aid to the practical study of the flow-enhanced corrosion and applied electrochemistry problems commonly observed under conditions of disturbed, turbulent flow. The electrodeposition of cupric ions from an acid sulphate plating bath has been used to characterise differential rates of mass transfer to the SRCE. The variation in thickness of electrodeposited copperfilms has allowed the mapping of local rates of mass transfer over the active surface of this geometry. Both optical and scanning electron microscopy were used for the examination of metallographic sections to provide a high resolution evaluation of the distribution of mass transfer coefficient. Results are also discussed using the convective-diffusion model in combination with the existing direct numerical flow simulation (DNS) data for this geometry.