Da universidade surge a cidade, da cidade as escolas: a UFRRJ e a educação pública municipal de Seropédica.

A tese tem como propósito analisar a conexão que se estabelece entre a Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ) e a educação de Seropédica. Tal universidade foi construída em uma região quase desabitada, próxima à cidade do Rio de Janeiro e sua instalação provocou a ocupação paulatina da região até vir a se constituir em um município autônomo. O trabalho estrutura-se em quatro capítulos. Inicialmente, examina-se o território de Seropédica, recuperando o processo de povoamento ao longo dos séculos, desde as primeiras ocupações indígenas, a chegada dos portugueses, e já no século XIX, a atividade de produção da seda, que dá nome ao município, até a instalação da instituição universitária. No segundo capítulo examina-se a história da universidade no Brasil, destacando o seu tardio aparecimento, focalizando a UFRRJ, desde a Escola de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária, a ESAMV, até chegar à estrutura atual e sua relação com a educação de Seropédica. A análise do sistema de ensino municipal, apresentada no terceiro capítulo, evidencia o processo de expansão da rede escolar desde os tempos de distrito de Itaguaí até a emancipação, examinando o processo de transferência de uma rede à outra, a fundação de novas escolas e a integração dessas à comunidade em que se encontra inserida. Por fim, a tese em seu último capítulo, analisa as escolas surgidas diretamente a partir da presença da universidade na região, em especial, a criação do Centro de Atendimento Integral à Criança (CAIC) Paulo Dacorso Filho.

Indice predictivo de enfermedades peripartales (IPEP)

Los tambos son sistemas productivos muy complejos que dependen básicamente de cuatro pilares considerados como variables: el ambiente, los animales, la alimentación y los operarios. Comederos sin mantenimiento, con barro y estiércol, animales con pobre estado corporal, dietas no balanceadas o deficientes en nutrientes, predisponen a trastornos metabólicos. Personal sin capacitación y/o motivación, no realizará bien las múltiples tareas del tambo. Las vacas lecheras antes y después del parto tienen enormes cambios metabólicos y hormonales y esto es un factor que predispone a las enfermedades peripartales (IP) como: distocias, retención de placenta, edema de ubre, metritis, mastitis, cetosis, acidosis, desplazamiento de abomaso, timpanismo, hipocalcemia puerperal, lesiones podales, etc. ¿Como evaluar las variables?¿que miramos o qué metodología seguimos a campo? Para ello se propone el Índice Predictivo de Enfermedades Peripartales (IPEP). El IPEP es una guía que permite realizar un relevamiento ordenado y sistemático de los indicadores relacionados con las enfermedades peripartales sobre las variables del ambiente, los animales, la alimentación y los operarios. Es una herramienta metodológica que permite generar un diagnóstico a campo de las causas y factores predisponentes de las EP en establecimientos lecheros. A cada indicador se le asigna un número en una escala de 1 a 5, donde 1 es malo/pésimo; 2 es regular; 3 es bueno; 4 muy bueno y 5 es óptimo/excelente y los promedios de las variables da un IPEP final. El IPEP se aplicó en un tambo comercial, localizado en Brinkmann-Córdoba de 270 has, 210 vacas y 4200 litros de leche diarios. Se realizaron 4 visitas, se llenaron las planillas de indicadores del IPEP. Se observó el preparto, el rodeo en producción, las pasturas, las instalaciones y se habló con el personal. Se detectaron áreas en conflicto: dieta no balanceada, deficiente suplementación mineral, animales con pelaje seco, accesos en malas condiciones y la falta de una pileta pediluvio. En la primer visita abril de 2008 se realizó el IPEP y dio un valor de 3,11 , superior a 3 lo cual admite la calificación como tambo bueno. De acuerdo a la incidencia de EP y mortandad las pérdidas económicas para dicho IPEP fue de U$S 11.415, que equivalen al 7,3 por ciento de los ingresos por leche. Se propusieron correcciones y mejoró el índice, en septiembre del 2009, dio como resultado un IPEP de 3,71 y las perdidas económicas por EP y mortandad se estimaron en U$S 8.064, equivalentes al 0,43 de los ingresos por leche.

Análisis foliar en plantas de maíz II : microelementos

p.31-38

Guía de las aves silvestres de las Facultades de Agronomía y de Ciencias Veterinarias de la Universidad de Buenos Aires

p.191-216

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHS) (I): Toxicity, population exposure and involved foods

Food is one of the main exogenous sources of genotoxic compounds. In heated food products, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) represent a priority group of genotoxic, mutagenic and/or carcinogenic chemical pollutants with adverse long-term health effects. People can be exposed to these compounds through different environments and via various routes: inhalation, ingestion of foods and water and even percutaneously. The presence of these compounds in food may be due to environmental contamination, to industrial handling and processing of foods and to oil processing and refining. The highest levels of these compounds are found in smoked foods, in seafood which is found in polluted waters, in grilled meats and, to a lesser extent, in vegetable fats and oils. Lower levels of PAHs are found in vegetables and in cereals and its products.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHS) (I): Measures of prevention and control

Measures of prevention and control against polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) focus on an official food control, a code of best practice to reduce PAHs levels by controlling industry and in the development of a chemopreventive strategy. Regulation (EU) 835/2011 establishes maximum levels of PAHs for each food group. In addition, Regulations (EU) 333/2007 and 836/2011 set up the methods of sampling and analysis for its official control. Scientific studies prove that the chemopreventive strategy is effective against these genotoxic compounds effects. Most chemopreventive compounds studied with proven protective effects against PAHs are found in fruit and vegetables.

Pathophysiology of feline hyperadrenocorticism clinical. Case presentation

Hyperadrenocorticism is a rare endocrine disease in the cat; it is characterized by elevated blood cortisol level that generates numerous clinical signs including hyperglycemia, polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia and skin diseases. The average age of onset is around 10 years. This disease usually occurs link with other endocrine disorders such as diabetes mellitus.The disease can be produced by functional alteration of the pituitary gland or the adrenal. A case report, with differential diagnosis and review of the literature, is presented.

Levels of glucose and triglycerides in seminal plasma and spermatic motility in guinea pig fed with 10% more in digestible energy

The objective the study was to determine the levels of glucose and triglycerides in seminal plasma of 10 guinea pigs, which were fed for a period of 2 months with a diet containing 10% more ED. The level of glucose found in seminal plasma was 11.59 ± 0.5 mg/dL and triglyceride value was 55.95 ± 3.2 mg/dL, while the motility was 97% on average. We conclude that in guinea pigs the levels both glucose and triglycerides were increased by major level of ED in feed, but the spermatic motility was not.

Effect of supplementation silage ("Festuca dolichophylla, Avena sativa and Vicia sativa") on weight gain and mortality in adult alpacas ("Vicugna pacos")

This study was conducted in order to evaluate the effect of supplementation with silage (Festuca dolichophylla, Avena sativa and Vicia sativa) on weight gain and mortality in adult alpacas, during the months of dry season (June to August) in Huancavelica region. 300 female alpacas 3 and 4 years of age (physiological state: pregnant) were used, which were assigned to the following treatments: SP, grazing only PSE15, grazing plus supplementation of 1.5 kg of silage. Alpacas were supplemented once daily. In each alpaca they were recorded live weight at the beginning and end of the experiment. The weight gain was -0.02 y 2.05 kg for SP and PSE15 respectively (p <0.001) treatments. Mortality was 5.3% and 2.7% for SP and PSE15 respectively (p=0.073) treatments. It can be concluded under the conditions of this trial silage supplementation has effect on weight gain and maybe also on mortality in alpacas.

Consequences of heat stress on reproduction of cattle

Heat stress represents one of the major environmental factors that adversely affect the reproductive performance of cattle. In this paper the behavioral adjustments, physical mechanisms and physiological responses to heat loss are described; bos indicus adaptive advantages with respect to bos Taurus, pathophysiology of heat stress and heat stress effects in animal reproduction, both the male and the female.

Tiflocolitis syndrome acute for "Klebsiella" sp. in a spanish pure breed horse. A case report

Were study a horse (Equus caballus), Purebred Spanish Horse, 6 years old, intact male sex, weight about 550kg, from equestrian center in Fregenal Sierra-Extremadura, Spain. History of acute diarrhea, are apply conventional treatment (hydration, anti-inflammatory and antibiotic). Physical examination showed severe profuse, fetid diarrhea deep red, tachypnea. The physiological parameters were: heart rate 60 bpm, respiratory rate 39 rpm and mucous cyanotic. Temperature: 40°C. Hematological examination showed severe leucopenia, decreased total serum protein, albumin and globulin also diminished. Serum chemistry evidenced severe hyponatremia and hypokalemia, with high levels of chlorine indicating metabolic acidosis. A stool analysis, which was negative and showed no eggs or larvae in the samples studied was performed. The microbial culture allowed the isolation of Klebsiella sp. and susceptibility testing showed sensitivity to ampicillin, Cetafzidine, Ciprofloxacin, Cefepine, gentamicin, imipenem, meropenem, Piperaciclina, piperacillin / tazobactam and trimethoprim sulfa resistance. The horse presented systemic complications associated with endotoxemia and death 36 hours after the onset of diarrhea. At necropsy, severe bleeding was observed enterotiflocolitis. The histological sections showed proliferative enteritis characterized by lymphocyte and mononuclear inflammatory infiltrate plasmocytorious mucosa and submucosa, coagulation necrosis, bacteria and short rod type morphology with no specific grouping. In conclusion a case of acute syndrome enterotiflocolitis reported Klebsiella sp. on a horse Purebred Spanish.

Smartphone and GPS technology for freeroaming dog population surveillance -a methodological study (Studio metodologico sull’applicazione di smartphone e tecnologia GPS alla sorveglianza delle popolazioni di cani vaganti)

Free-roaming dogs (FRD) represent a potential threat to the quality of life in cities from an ecological, social and public health point of view. One of the most urgent concerns is the role of uncontrolled dogs as reservoirs of infectious diseases transmittable to humans and, above all, rabies. An estimate of the FRD population size and characteristics in a given area is the first step for any relevant intervention programme. Direct count methods are still prominent because of their non-invasive approach, information technologies can support such methods facilitating data collection and allowing for a more efficient data handling. This paper presents a new framework for data collection using a topological algorithm implemented as ArcScript in ESRI® ArcGIS software, which allows for a random selection of the sampling areas. It also supplies a mobile phone application for Android® operating system devices which integrates Global Positioning System (GPS) and Google Maps™. The potential of such a framework was tested in 2 Italian regions. Coupling technological and innovative solutions associated with common counting methods facilitate data collection and transcription. It also paves the way to future applications, which could support dog population management systems.

Behavioural and physiological responses of shelter dogs to long-term confinement

In Italy, National Law (281/1991) prohibits euthanasia of shelter dogs if they are not dangerous or suffering seriously. Adoption rates in rescue shelters are often lower than entrance rates, leading inevitably to overcrowded facilities where animals are likely to spend the rest of their lives in kennels. In this situation, housing conditions (i.e. space provided, environmental, and social stimulation) may have an impact on canine welfare. In this research project, the effects of two different forms of housing (group- and pair housing) on long-term shelter dogs were compared using behavioural and physiological parameters. Observational data and saliva samples were collected from dogs exposed to both experimental settings; behaviour and cortisol concentration levels were used as welfare indicators. Pair housing offered fewer social and environmental stimuli and behavioural analysis showed a significant decrease in locomotor, exploratory, and social behaviour. Cortisol levels show that this parameter varied independently of housing conditions. Although this study found no evidence suggesting that one form of confinement reduced animal welfare more than the other (e.g. in terms of abnormal behaviour, or higher cortisol concentrations), the type of confinement did affect the expression of a variety of behaviours and these variations should not be ignored with respect to housing decisions for long-term shelter dogs.

Evaluación de la respuesta ovulatoria en un programa de ovulación multiple para ganado especializado en la producción lechera

Tesis (Maestría en Ciencias en Producción Animal) UANL