984 resultados para Gorky, Arshile, 1904-1948.
Resumo:
Este trabajo consta de cuatro capítulos. El primero, “Crisis política, diversificación económica y cambio social”, ofrece una visión de conjunto del período objeto de nuestro estudio. El repaso de las condiciones sociales, económicas y políticas que le caracterizaron permite entender los desplazamientos de los fines de la educación primaria y el marco de las condiciones dentro de las cuales se configuraron los sujetos: maestros y niños escolarizados. El segundo, “Deconstrucción y construcción de identidades: los maestros entre 1925 – 1948”, se arma sobre la base de una serie de preguntas tendientes a dilucidar en última instancia si el sujeto maestro fue capaz de gestionar respuestas a los “regímenes de verdad” establecidos y adoptar posiciones discursivas anti-hegemónicas, en un momento de irrupción de las ideas socialistas que convocaron acciones políticas contestatarias. El tercero, “Niños e imaginarios: los nuevos saberes subjetivizantes”, se introduce en la manera cómo los niños fueron objeto de estudio e intervención. En medio de la enorme influencia que sobre los intelectuales ejercieron las modernas ciencias humanas y los saberes que se desarrollaron sobre el niño, este capítulo analiza sobre todo los dispositivos que se pusieron en marcha para intervenir sobre la mente y el cuerpo de los niños con fines de regeneración racial. El cuarto, “La ‘Escuela Nueva’ y las otras miradas en torno a lo escolar”, refiere a las nuevas pedagogías desde finales del siglo XIX y principios del XX y a la manera cómo éstas operaron sobre los niños rurales y urbanos institucionalizados. En este capítulo se debate en torno a la formación del individuo y a los fines económicos, sociales, morales y políticos vinculados con lo educativo. Cierra el capítulo una mirada sobre la centralización y tecnificación del Ministerio de Educación, que bajo la influencia de la Escuela Nueva armó una organización administrativa escolar fuertemente inspirada en sus planteamientos pedagógicos.
Rebelión en Galápagos: la hacienda "Progreso" de Manuel J. Cobos en la isla San Cristóbal, 1879-1904
Resumo:
El presente artículo es una investigación histórica, y una lectura desde el mirador de la teoría de los movimientos sociales, de la rebelión de los trabajadores de la hacienda “Progreso” de la isla San Cristóbal (Chatham) en Galápagos. La hipótesis que guía este trabajo es saber si el sistema socio-económico y de gobierno determinan o no el carácter violento de la acción colectiva. Se trata de un estudio de caso, para lo cual presentamos una aproximación al sistema socio-económico de la hacienda “Progreso” como forma social de producción supeditada al modo de producción capitalista, en el cual se inscribe la rebelión de Chatham. Seguidamente echamos mano del instrumental teórico de los movimientos sociales para elaborar una interpretación y exponer algunas reflexiones acerca de la violencia colectiva.
Resumo:
This article presents an analysis of British urban working-class housing conditions in 1904, using a rediscovered survey. We investigate overcrowding and find major regional differences. Scottish households in the survey were more overcrowded despite being less poor. Investigating the causes of this overcrowding, we find little support for supply-side theories or for the idea that the Scottish households in our survey experienced particularly great variations in income, causing them to commit to overly modest accommodation. We present evidence that is consistent with idea that particularly tough Scottish tenancy and local tax laws caused excess overcrowding. We also provide evidence that Scottish workers had a relatively high preference for food, rather than housing, expenditure, which can be at least partly attributed to their inheritance of more communal patterns of urban living.
Resumo:
Containment, as conceived by the US government official George Kennan, was an aggressive attempt to cause the Soviet Cold War empire to disintegrate. This can is demonstrated by the case study of how the USA, Britain, and France tried to instrumentalise renegade Tito's Yugoslavia as a wedge to break up the cohesion of the Communist regimes within the Soviet sphere. They supported Tito against subversion and planned Soviet-orchestrated military attack from its neighbouring states; Western plans for the support of Yugoslavia included plans for a selective use of nuclear weapons.
Resumo:
This paper proposes a method for describing the distribution of observed temperatures on any day of the year such that the distribution and summary statistics of interest derived from the distribution vary smoothly through the year. The method removes the noise inherent in calculating summary statistics directly from the data thus easing comparisons of distributions and summary statistics between different periods. The method is demonstrated using daily effective temperatures (DET) derived from observations of temperature and wind speed at De Bilt, Holland. Distributions and summary statistics are obtained from 1985 to 2009 and compared to the period 1904–1984. A two-stage process first obtains parameters of a theoretical probability distribution, in this case the generalized extreme value (GEV) distribution, which describes the distribution of DET on any day of the year. Second, linear models describe seasonal variation in the parameters. Model predictions provide parameters of the GEV distribution, and therefore summary statistics, that vary smoothly through the year. There is evidence of an increasing mean temperature, a decrease in the variability in temperatures mainly in the winter and more positive skew, more warm days, in the summer. In the winter, the 2% point, the value below which 2% of observations are expected to fall, has risen by 1.2 °C, in the summer the 98% point has risen by 0.8 °C. Medians have risen by 1.1 and 0.9 °C in winter and summer, respectively. The method can be used to describe distributions of future climate projections and other climate variables. Further extensions to the methodology are suggested.
Resumo:
This volume reports on the results of the Glastonbury Abbey Archaeological Archive Project, a collaboration between the University of Reading and the Trustees of Glastonbury Abbey, funded principally by the Arts and Humanities Research Council. The project has reassessed and reinterpreted all known archaeological records from the 1908–79 excavations and made the complete dataset available to the public through a digital archive hosted by the Archaeology Data Service (http://dx.doi.org/10.5284/1022585). The scope of the project has included the full analysis of the archaeological collections of Glastonbury Abbey by thirty-one leading specialists, including chemical and compositional analysis of glass and metal and petrological analysis of pottery and tile, and a comprehensive geophysical survey conducted by GSB Prospection Ltd. For the first time, it has been possible to achieve a framework of independent dating based on reassessment of the finds and radiocarbon dating of surviving organic material from the 1950s excavations. The principal aim of the Glastonbury Abbey Archaeological Project was to set aside previous assumptions based on the historical and legendary traditions and to provide a rigorous reassessment of the archive of antiquarian excavations. This research has revealed that some of the best known archaeological ‘facts’ about Glastonbury are themselves myths perpetuated by the abbey’s excavators.