941 resultados para Extremidades superiores


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The dental professionals are exposed to many risks of development of occupational diseases and the musculoskeletal disorders in the upper limbs are the most common disease. This problem may result in lower productivity and / or early retirement. Therefore, early diagnosis should be done through a reliable and valid system of risk assessment. Because of that, this study set out to conduct a review of the literature on methods of risk assessment of musculoskeletal disorders in the upper limbs in dental professionals. Conclusion: It was concluded that the available methods for assessing the risk of musculoskeletal disorders in dentistry are self-reports, observational and direct. Among these methods, the self-reports were frequently used to detect the risk of musculoskeletal disorders among dentists, dental students and professionals from the dental team. Further studies should be performed in dentistry using observational and direct methods.

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Periodontal treatment of teeth with furcation lesions often have unpredictable results due to several factors that may hinder therapy or influence the progress of periodontal disease. Of these, the length of the root trunk may contribute to the early injury of the furcations or even cause complications for the application of the treatment; the opening of the roots can guide the type of treatment to be instituted and cervical enamel projections may hinder the instrumentation of the region or even act as a retention plate niche. Thus, the purpose of this study was measured using a digital caliper, root logs database 400 molar both the 1st and the 2nd and both upper and lower as well as analyze using appropriate index type projection cervical enamel and through appropriate classification the opening of the roots in order to guide the diagnosis and treatment plan. We conclude that there is variation in measures of root trunk between the faces of the teeth examined and that greater cervical enamel projection (ECP) correlates with a decrease in the length of the root trunk in the sample evaluated as the first molars have higher occurrence of roots with a degree of opening larger than the second molars.

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Objectives: This study aimed to assess dimensional changes in acrylic resin base and artificial teeth position after water storage and thermocycling using computer graphics measurements. Methods: Twenty-four waxed replicas were obtained from a previous upper complete denture. For linear measurements, points in cusps tips of left central incisor and second premolars and molars were marked in one of the prostheses with graphite and transferred to the others using an acrylic resin guide. The prostheses were scanned after waxing, polymerization and treatments and the images were exported to “AutoCad 2002 Today®” software for measurements. Results: There was no statistically significant difference in changes of each segment for each group and between the phases evaluated after polymerization and thermocycling. In groups I and III, the values after polymerization are higher than those after treatment, which suggests shrinkage while the prostheses in group II have expanded. Conclusion: The three groups exhibited artificial teeth movement after tests in comparison to the polymerized prosthesis. The prostheses submitted to water storage in kiln at 36ºC during seven days showed different behavior than the other groups.

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This study did evaluate the handgrip strength capacity of bull riding practitioners and recreational practitioners in order to obtain parameters of the muscular fitness of subjects undertaken this sports practice. Twenty right-handed subjects were grouped into bull riding athletes (10 individuals at AMT: 174.5 ± 5.2 cm of height, 78.9 ± 12 kg of body weight, 24.7 ± 6.1 years, and 13,8 ± 2.4% for body fat) and non-athletes (10 subjects n-AMR: 178.5 ± 7.3 cm of height, 81.2 ± 8.8kg of body weight, 21.7 ± 2.3 years, and 13.8 ± 1.9% of body fat). They were underwent to protocols of handgrip strength evaluation by a standard and specific dynamometry (simulating a bull riding posture) of right (DPD e DED) e left (DEP e DEE) hands. The dynamic force values from one repetition to maximum test (1RM) were either obtained in conventional load-based system for upper limbs exercises. The values were compared by the test-t for independent data, assuming ρ ≤ 0.05. The relationship between the values of strength from handgrip and dynamic exercises were drawn by Pearson correlation. The results of the AMT to DPD (43.8 ± 6.8kgf), DPE (39.4 ± 7.7kgf), DED (44.9 ± 5.6kgf), and DEE (39.8 ± 8.3kgf). For the n-AMT in DPD (47.0 ± 3.0kgf), DPE (42.2 ± 6.1kgf), DED (49.2 ± 1.5kgf), and DEE (46.2 ± 4.1kgf). Significant difference was observed between DED and DEE. The strength tests of 1RM at bench press (73.2 ± 12.0kg and 82.0 ± 12.0kg), arm-curl (45.2 ± 8.9kg and 43.8 ± 8.9kg), triceps pulley (67.0 ± 6.3kg and 72.0 ± 6.3kg), and pulley (73.5 ± 8.5kg and 73.7 ± 7.5kg) for groups n-AMT and AMT did not showed differences. Correlations were showed between all handgrip tests and elbow flexor force for AMT, and between DPD and elbow extensor, abductor, adductor and extensor of shoulder for n-AMT. influences to the performance of the force dynamometry. It could be concluded that handgrip force and dynamic strength of upper limbs did not were putative responses for bull riding practice.

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A força de preensão manual tem sido relatada como determinante no desempenho de empunhadura em modalidades como lutas e escalada. Este estudo teve por propósito avaliar a aptidão de força isotônica máxima e de preensão manual em praticantes e não praticantes de montaria em touros, a fim de obter parâmetros de referência desta população. Foram avaliados 20 sujeitos em dois grupos, sendo 10 classificados como atletas de montaria e 10 não-atletas. A avaliação da força de preensão manual foi realizada em dinamômetro em posição convencional (DP) e específica (DE), com ambas as mãos (D e E). A força isotônica máxima foi determinada pelo teste de uma repetição máxima (1RM) e também foram obtidas medidas de circunferência dos segmentos, bem como a composição corporal por protocolo de dobras cutâneas. Os valores das variáveis foram comparados pelo teste-t (ρ ≤ 0,05) para dados independentes. As relações entre os valores de força e características antropométricas foram traçadas pelo coeficiente de Pearson. Os resultados para AMT em DPD (43.8±6.8 kgf), DPE (39.4±7.7 kgf), DED (44.9±5.6 kgf) e DEE (39.8±8.3 kgf) comparados aos apresentados por n-AMT em DPD (47.0±3.0 kgf), DPE (42.2±6.1 kgf), DED (49.2±1.5 kgf) e DEE (46.2±4.1 kgf) apresentaram diferenças apenas para DED e DEE. A força nos testes de 1RM (supino reto: 73.2±12.0 kg e 82.0±12.0 kg; rosca direta: 45.2±8.9 kg e 43.8±8.9 kg; tríceps pulley: 67.0±6.3 kg e 72.0±6.3 kg; e puxada posterior: 73.5±8.5 kg e 73.7±7.5 kg) não mostram diferenças entre os grupos. A influência sobre a dinamometria apresenta-se diferente entre os grupos, sendo relevante a força de flexão do cotovelo em AMT e a antropometria e força isotônica para n-AMT. Conclui-se que as características morfo-funcionais de membros superiores não demandam especificidade à montaria em touros.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Pós-graduação em Desenvolvimento Humano e Tecnologias - IBRC

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Pós-graduação em Desenvolvimento Humano e Tecnologias - IBRC

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This study investigated the acute effect of static stretching exercises (SSE) on maximum strength (MS) and strength endurance (SE) performance in lower and upper limbs. Thirteen volunteers participated in the study and were submitted to MS and SE (70% 1RM) tests in the bench press and squat exercises with or without SSE. The paired T test showed that the SSE decreased MS in the squat (141.2 +/- 34.2 vs 132 +/- 34.9kg, p=0.007) and in the BP (77.5 +/- 21.7 vs 71.7 +/- 17.7kg p=0.04). Squat SE was not affected by SSE (16.2 +/- 5.7 vs 16.3 +/- 6.8 repetitions p=0.48). On the other hand, bench press SE decreased significantly after SSE (11.7 +/- 4.8 vs 9.9 +/- 5.1 repetitions p=0.008). Therefore, SSE impaired MS performance on upper and lower limbs but SE was affected only on upper limbs. This difference in SE may be related to the stretching exercises volume applied to the size of each muscle group.

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Este estudo verificou o efeito agudo dos exercícios de flexibilidade estática (EFlex) no desempenho de força máxima (FM) e de resistência de força (RF) em membros inferiores e superiores. Treze voluntários participaram do estudo e foram submetidos a testes de FM e RF (70% 1RM) nos exercícios supino e agachamento precedidos ou não de EFlex. O teste T pareado foi utilizado para comparação das médias nas duas condições. Os EFlex diminuíram a FM no agachamento (141,2±34,2 vs 132±34,9kg; p=0,007) e no supino (77,5±21,7 vs 71,7±17,7kg p=0,04). A RF no agachamento não sofreu efeito dos EFlex (16,2±5,7 vs 16,3±6,8 repetições p=0,48), porém, no supino a RF apresentou diminuição significante (11,7±4,8 vs 9,9±5,1 repetições; p=0,008). Portanto, os EFlex reduziram a FM nos membros inferiores e superiores e a RF somente nos membros superiores. Essa diferença na RF estaria relacionada ao volume de exercícios de flexibilidade pelo tamanho do grupo muscular.

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[ES] El objetivo de este estudio ha sido determinar si es posible predecir la altura de vuelo en el salto vertical a partir de variables cinemáticas, dinamométricas y antropométricas, mediante un modelo de regresión múltiple lineal. Participaron en el estudio 53 sujetos, 21 hombres jugadores de voleibol de categorías nacionales (División de Honor y Primera División) y 9 mujeres jugadoras de voleibol de División de Honor, así como 23 estudiantes de Educación Física, de los cuales 12 eran hombres y 11 mujeres. Inicialmente se determinó la altura de vuelo en saltos efectuados sin contramovimiento o "squat jumps" (SJ) y en saltos precedidos por un contramovimiento o "countermovement jumps" (CMJ). Además, se determinó la fuerza isométrica máxima (FIM) en posición de semisentadillla, con las rodillas flexionadas a 90º, 120º y 140º , simultáneamente se tomaron medidas de la actividad electromiográfica del vasto externo del cuádriceps. La masa muscular de las extremidades inferiores se midió mediante absociometría fotónica dual de rayos X (DEXA). El impulso positivo explicó por sí solo un 77% de la variabilidad en altura de vuelo. La variable anterior combinada con el porcentaje de masa corporal representado por la masa muscular de las extremidades inferiores permitió explicar un 82% de la variabilidad de la altura de vuelo en el CMJ. Al añadir a la ecuación anterior la masa muscular de las extremidades inferiores se pudo explicar un 98% de la variabilidad en altura de vuelo. En los saltos sin contramovimiento, también fue posible explicar un porcentaje similar de la variabilidad de la altura de vuelo utilizando las mismas variables.

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