Spatial computing per dispositivi mobile ed embedded

Questa tesi si focalizza sulle possibili tecnologie per realizzare comunicazioni opportunistiche fra dispositivi mobile ed embedded, con l'obiettivo di integrarle nel contesto di sistemi a larga scala situati, e con particolare riferimento al prototipo denominato "Magic Carpet". Vengono considerate in particolare le tecnologie WiFi ad-hoc e Bluetooth Low Energy su Android e Raspberry Pi.

Programmazione di Sistemi Embedded con Linguaggi ad Agenti: un caso di studio basato su Jason e Arduino

I paradigmi di programmazione più utilizzati nella realizzazione di sistemi embedded presentano delle limitazioni, in quanto non consentono di modellare alcuni aspetti fondamentali. Il paradigma ad agenti presenta delle caratteristiche che consentono di modellare alcuni aspetti fondamenetali di un sistema embedded, oltre a fornire un livello di astrazione più elevato. All'interno di questa tesi verranno mostrati i concetti fondamentali di questo paradigma, mostrando inoltre i costrutti di base di un linguaggio ad agenti come Jason. Nella programmazione ad agenti, l'ambiente riveste un ruolo fondomentale. All'interno di questa trattazione verrà introdotto un paradigma per la programmazione di ambienti, descrivendo inoltre il framework di riferimento: CArtAgo. Dopo aver descritto i concetti e gli strumenti per applicare il paradigma ad agenti, verrà proposto un metodo per la realizzazione di sistemi embedded tramite l'applicazione di Jason sulla scheda di prototipazione Arduino.

Energy harvesting from piezoelectric devices embedded in a 3D printed wing

This thesis work has been carried out at Clarkson University in Potsdam NY, USA and involved the design of a low elongation wing, consisting of parts made by polylactide (PLA) using the fused deposition model (FDM) technology of Rapid Prototyping, then assembled together in a thin aluminum spar. The aim of the research is to evaluate the feasibility of collecting electrical energy by converting mechanical energy from the vibration of the wing flutter. With this aim piezoelectric stripes were glued in the inner part of the wing, as well as on the aluminum spar, as monomorphic configuration. During the phases of the project, particular attention was given to the geometry and the materials used, in order to trigger the flutter for low flow velocity. The CAD software SolidWorks® was used for the design of the wing and then the drawings were sent to the Clarkson machine shop in order to to produce the parts required by the wing assembly. FEM simulations were performed, using software MSC NASTRAN/PATRAN®, to evaluate the stiffness of the whole wing as well as the natural vibration modes of the structure. These data, in a first approximation, were used to predict the flutter speed. Finally, experimental tests in the Clarkson wind tunnel facility were carried out in order to validate the results obtained from FEM analysis. The power collected by the piezoelectrics under flutter condition was addressed by tuning the resistors downstream the electronic circuit of the piezoelectrics.

INSPECTOR-PI: Progettazione e Sviluppo di un Sistema Mobile per il Controllo e il Monitoraggio basato su Tecnologie Embedded e Internet of Things

La nostra sfida è stata sviluppare un dispositivo che potesse riunire differenti funzionalità, dalla telepresenza alla visione dei dati on demand, e fosse in grado di portare innovazione nel panorama attuale. Abbiamo quindi deciso di creare un device che potesse svolgere attività d’ispezione e monitoraggio, concentrandoci nel corso dell’implementazione su alcuni possibili campi di utilizzo. Il sistema che abbiamo realizzato è open-source, modulare e dinamico, in grado di rispondere a esigenze diverse e facilmente riadattabile. Il prototipo progettato è in grado di comunicare con uno smartphone, grazie al quale viene guidato dall’utente primario, e di trasmettere in rete i dati rilevati dai diversi sensori integrati. Le informazioni generate sono gestibili attraverso una piattaforma online: il device utilizza il Cloud per storicizzare i dati, rendendoli potenzialmente accessibili a chiunque. Per la configurazione hardware abbiamo usato la kit-board Pi2Go e la piattaforma Raspberry Pi, alle quali abbiamo unito una videocamera e alcuni sensori di prossimità, temperatura e umidità e distanza. È nato così il prototipo InspectorPi, un veicolo telecomandato tramite dispositivo mobile in grado di esplorare ambienti ostili in cui vi sono difficoltà fisiche o ambientali alle quali sovvenire.

A tool for the qualitative comparison of membrane-embedded and detergent-solubilized membrane protein structures in projection

The calculation of projection structures (PSs) from Protein Data Bank (PDB)-coordinate files of membrane proteins is not well-established. Reports on such attempts exist but are rare. In addition, the different procedures are barely described and thus difficult if not impossible to reproduce. Here we present a simple, fast and well-documented method for the calculation and visualization of PSs from PDB-coordinate files of membrane proteins: the projection structure visualization (PSV)-method. The PSV-method was successfully validated using the PS of aquaporin-1 (AQP1) from 2D crystals and cryo-transmission electron microscopy, and the PDB-coordinate file of AQP1 determined from 3D crystals and X-ray crystallography. Besides AQP1, which is a relatively rigid protein, we also studied a flexible membrane transport protein, i.e. the L-arginine/agmatine antiporter AdiC. Comparison of PSs calculated from the existing PDB-coordinate files of substrate-free and L-arginine-bound AdiC indicated that conformational changes are detected in projection. Importantly, structural differences were found between the PSV-method calculated PSs of the detergent-solubilized AdiC proteins and the PS from cryo-TEM of membrane-embedded AdiC. These differences are particularly exciting since they may reflect a different conformation of AdiC induced by the lateral pressure in the lipid bilayer.

PCR-based diagnosis of Naegleria sp. infection in formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded brain sections

We developed a real-time PCR which allowed the highly sensitive detection of Naegleria fowleri in histological brain tissue sections from experimentally infected mice. This genus-specific small-subunit (18S) rRNA gene-based PCR can complement conventional (immuno-) histology for the diagnosis of primary amoebic meningoencephalitis in paraffin-embedded brain necropsy specimens that had been fixed in formalin buffered with phosphate-buffered saline.

Gene expression variation between distinct areas of breast cancer measured from paraffin-embedded tissue cores

BACKGROUND: Diagnosis and prognosis in breast cancer are mainly based on histology and immunohistochemistry of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) material. Recently, gene expression analysis was shown to elucidate the biological variance between tumors and molecular markers were identified that led to new classification systems that provided better prognostic and predictive parameters. Archived FFPE samples represent an ideal source of tissue for translational research, as millions of tissue blocks exist from routine diagnostics and from clinical studies. These should be exploited to provide clinicians with more accurate prognostic and predictive information. Unfortunately, RNA derived from FFPE material is partially degraded and chemically modified and reliable gene expression measurement has only become successful after implementing novel and optimized procedures for RNA isolation, demodification and detection. METHODS: In this study we used tissue cylinders as known from the construction of tissue microarrays. RNA was isolated with a robust protocol recently developed for RNA derived from FFPE material. Gene expression was measured by quantitative reverse transcription PCR. RESULTS: Sixteen tissue blocks from 7 patients diagnosed with multiple histological subtypes of breast cancer were available for this study. After verification of appropriate localization, sufficient RNA yield and quality, 30 tissue cores were available for gene expression measurement on TaqMan(R) Low Density Arrays (16 invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC), 8 ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and 6 normal tissue), and 14 tissue cores were lost. Gene expression values were used to calculate scores representing the proliferation status (PRO), the estrogen receptor status and the HER2 status. The PRO scores measured from entire sections were similar to PRO scores determined from IDC tissue cores. Scores determined from normal tissue cores consistently revealed lower PRO scores than cores derived from IDC or DCIS of the same block or from different blocks of the same patient. CONCLUSION: We have developed optimized protocols for RNA isolation from histologically distinct areas. RNA prepared from FFPE tissue cores is suitable for gene expression measurement by quantitative PCR. Distinct molecular scores could be determined from different cores of the same tumor specimen.