Estudio de la cinetica de producción de gas de la pulpa de remolacha con inóculos ileales y cecales de conejos: comparación de modelos

Sugar beet pulp was digested in vitro using protease and pancreatin and the final residue (with no filtering) was fermented in vitro using three different ileal and caecal inocula (each one combining the digesta of three 70 d ols rabbits), respectively. In vitro gas production was measured and modeled using single and dual pool models (logistic and Groot model).

Martini Azpilcuetæ ... Consiliorum & responsorum, quæ in quinque libros, iuxta numerum & titulos Decretalium, distribuuntur, tomi duo.

Sign.: *6, A-Z6, 2A-2I6, A-Y6, Z8, a-d6, e4

Danielis Papebrochii Conatus chronico-historicus ad catalogum Romanorum pontificum, cum prævio ad eumdem apparatu Godefridi Henschenii atque Petri Possini, a. s. Petro usque ad ... ac quintum tomum De actis sanctorum Maii operam ac studium conferente Francisco Baertio Societatis Jesu.

Mode of access: Internet.

Clarissimi sacrae theologiae doctoris Fratris Pauli Soncinatis vitae regularis ordinis Praedicatorum diuinum Epitoma, quaestionum in quatuor libros Sententiarum a ... Ioanne Capreolo Tholosano disputatarum . His additis, quae idem morte praeuentus perficere nequiuit, per fratrem Isidorum de Isolanis Mediolanensem, eiusdem praedicatoriae professionis.

Disputata catholica /per fratrem Isidorum Mediolanensem, h. 29-43 de la última secuencia, con port. propia.

Chronica medii ævi : argumento generaliora, auctoritate celebriora, usu communiora, post Eusebium atque Hieronymum res secc. IV. V. et VI. exponentia. Tomus /

Signatures: *⁴ chi1 A-Y⁸ Z⁴ 2A².

Historia Pandectarum, seu Fatum exemplaris Florentini.

Mode of access: Internet.

M. Tullii Ciceronis Opera quae supersunt omnia ac deperditorum fragmenta : recognovit et singulis libris ad optimam quamque recensionem castigatis cum varietate Lambiniana MDLXVI, Graevio-Garatoniana, Ernestiana, Beckiana, Schuetziana, ac praestantissimarum cuiusque libri editionum integra, reliquae vero accurato delectu brevique adnotatione critica /

Advertisements for Orell, Fu ssli & Comp: v. 4, pt. 2, verso of final leaf; v. 5, pt. 2, p. [445]-448; v. 7, final leaf.

Huberti Giphanii Oeconomia iuris, sive dispositio methodica omnium librorum ac titulorum totius iuris civilis imperatoris Iustiniani ... : plane nova, cui similis antehac non visa ...

Signatures: )(⁴ A-Ee⁴ (Ee4 blank).

Gabrielis Triuorii I.V. doctoris et historiographi regii Obseruatio apologetica : ad inscriptionem orationis ad antecessores Digestis Iustiniani praepositae : aduersus quosdam I.C. & Procopii anecdota ... .

First ed. 1630.

M. Tullii Ciceronis Scripta quae manserunt omnia /

Pars III, v. 1 and 2 have also been published independently in this series with title: M. T. Ciceronis Epistolae. Recognovit D. Albertus Sadolinus Wesenberg ... Lipsiae, 1894.

Anamnesis siue Commemorationis sanctorum hispanorum, pontificum, martyrum, confessorum, virginum, viduarum ac sanctorum mulierum ... : ad ordinem et methodum Martyrologii romani quo vtitur Ecclesia : tomus secundus /

Contiene: Martius, hasta p. 435 ; Mensis Aprilis Martyrologium hispanum, comienza en h. *1 hasta el final, con antep.

Is re-feeding efficiency compromised by prolonged starvation during aestivation in the green striped burrowing frog, Cyclorana alboguttata?

We examined several morphological parameters of the gastrointestinal tract, digesta passage rates, and nutrient assimilation efficiencies of Green-striped Burrowing frogs (Cyclorana alboguttata) following prolonged fasting during three months of aestivation and compared these with frogs that had been continuously fed. Whole animal digesta passage rates were significantly reduced following three months aestivation as a result of a decreased digesta evacuation rate from the stomach. Furthermore, food was selectively retained in the small intestine for an increased time following three months of aestivation. Overall digestibility of food and nitrogen, carbon, and energy extraction efficiencies were not significantly different from control values following three months of aestivation. These findings suggest that C. alboguttata employs reduced digesta passage rates so as to maximize nutrient assimilation efficiency following prolonged food deprivation during aestivation. (C) 2003 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Endogenous amino acid flow in the avian ileum: quantification using three techniques

The aim of the present study was to compare the protein-free diet, guanidinated casein (GuC) and enzyme hydrolysed casein (EHC) methods for the quantification of endogenous amino acid (AA) flow in the avian ileum. Growing broiler chickens (5 weeks old) were used. All three assay diets were based on dextrose, and in the GuC and EHC diets GuC or EHC were the sole source of N. Endogenous AA flows determined with the use of protein-free diet were considerably lower (P < 0.05) than those determined by the GuC and EHC methods. The, total endogenous AA flows determined by the GuC and EHC methods were almost 3-fold greater (P < 0.05) than those determined by the protein-free diet. The endogenous AA values obtained from GuC and EHC methods were similar (P >0.05), except for the flow of arginine, which was lower (P < 0.05) in the EHC method. Glutamic acid, aspartic acid, threonine and glycine were the predominant endogenous AA present in digesta from the distal ileum. The contents of methionine, histidine and cystine were lower compared with other AA. The method of determination had no effect on the AA composition of endogenous protein, except for threonine, glutamic acid, lysine, arginine and cystine. The concentrations of threonine and arginine were lower (P < 0.05) and that of lysine was higher (P < 0.05) with the EHC method compared with the other two methods. The concentration of glutamic acid was greater (P < 0.05) and that of cystine was lower (P < 0.05) in the EHC and GuC methods compared with the protein-free diet method. The results showed that the ileal endogenous flows of N and AA are markedly enhanced by the presence of protein and peptides, above those determined following feeding of a protein-free diet. It is concluded that the use of EHC and GuC methods enables the measurement of ileal endogenous losses in chickens under normal physiological conditions.

Gastrointestinal transit in the common brushtail possum measured by gamma scintigraphy

This paper reports an example of the application of pharmaceutical technology to wildlife management, specifically the design of an oral delivery system for the common brushtail possum in New Zealand. Designing an oral delivery system requires a knowledge of the time taken for particulates to reach target sites within the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). The transit time for fluid and indigestible particles of two different size ranges was determined in the common brushtail possum (Trichosurus vulpecula). Technetium-labelled (Tc-99m) anion exchange resin particles (75-125 or 500-700 mu m diameter) or solution (Tc-99m-labelled diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid, Tc-99m-DTPA) was administered orally. At predetermined times after dosing (3, 6, 12, 24 or 32 h), the distribution of radioactivity throughout excised gastrointestinal tracts was determined by gamma scintigraphy. The transit profile was similar for the three formulations investigated. Unlike other closely related hindgut fermenting marsupials, there was no evidence to support the presence of a colonic separating mechanism in the common brushtail possum. Gastrointestinal transit was independent of body mass, gender and time of day that the dose is given. To target the hindgut for oral delivery of protein and peptide biocontrol agents, the formulation Would need to protect the bioactive for approximately 12 h prior to release. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

The influence of dietary sodium chloride, Arginine : Lysine ratio, and methionine source on apparent ileal digestibility of arginine and lysine in acutely heat-stressed broilers

The present study was carried out to determine the ileal digestibility of Arg and Lys in acutely heatstressed broilers using diets varying in Arg:Lys ratio, NaCl concentration, and Met Source. Male broilers were maintained at 22degreesC from 21 to 33 d of age and then at 32degreesC from 33 to 38 d of age. From 28 to 38 d of age, birds were fed a diet with an Arg:Lys ratio of 1.05 and 3 g of supplemental NaCl/kg of diet with or without L-arg free base to increase the Arg:Lys to 1.35, and with or without 3 g/kg of additional NaCl. Methionine was supplied as equimolar amounts of DL-Met or 2-hydroxy-4-(methylthio)-butanoic acid in a 2 x 2 x 2 design. At 38 d of age, digesta were collected from the terminal ileum, and amino acid analyses were conducted on feed and digesta samples and compared with acid-insoluble ash (dietary celite) to calculate the apparent ileal digestibilities of Lys and Arg. Increasing the NaCl concentration and the presence of HMB significantly decreased the digestibility of both Arg and Lys, whereas increasing the Arg:Lys ratio increased the digestibility of only Arg but did increase BW gain (P = 0.08). An interaction between dietary NaCl and Arg:Lys ratio as well as the 3-way interaction suggested that dietary NaCl could affect the apparent ileal digestibility of Arg and Lys at certain Arg:Lys ratios and the response may be influenced by the Met source.