Cardiovascular risk estimation and eligibility for statins in primary prevention comparing different strategies

Recommendations for statin use for primary prevention of coronary heart disease (CHD) are based on estimation of the 10-year CHD risk. It is unclear which risk algorithm and guidelines should be used in European populations. Using data from a population-based study in Switzerland, we first assessed 10-year CHD risk and eligibility for statins in 5,683 women and men 35 to 75 years of age without cardiovascular disease by comparing recommendations by the European Society of Cardiology without and with extrapolation of risk to age 60 years, the International Atherosclerosis Society, and the US Adult Treatment Panel III. The proportions of participants classified as high-risk for CHD were 12.5% (15.4% with extrapolation), 3.0%, and 5.8%, respectively. Proportions of participants eligible for statins were 9.2% (11.6% with extrapolation), 13.7%, and 16.7%, respectively. Assuming full compliance to each guideline, expected relative decreases in CHD deaths in Switzerland over a 10-year period would be 16.4% (17.5% with extrapolation), 18.7%, and 19.3%, respectively; the corresponding numbers needed to treat to prevent 1 CHD death would be 285 (340 with extrapolation), 380, and 440, respectively. In conclusion, the proportion of subjects classified as high risk for CHD varied over a fivefold range across recommendations. Following the International Atherosclerosis Society and the Adult Treatment Panel III recommendations might prevent more CHD deaths at the cost of higher numbers needed to treat compared with European Society of Cardiology guidelines.

Moual Sika ; Betaïhi Resd Dil / David Zaïnou, chant [acc. instr.]

[Traditions. Afrique du Nord. Maroc]

Ksida Tlemcenia ; El Kalb Sali Ou L'Khater Ferhan / David Zaïnou, chant [acc. instr.]

[Traditions. Afrique du Nord. Maroc]

Bahi El Djamal ; Ould Taïr / David Zaïnou, chant [acc. instr.]

[Traditions. Afrique du Nord. Maroc]

Moual Ira ; Ya Ghalbi Khalli El Hal / David Benarouche, chant [acc. instr.]

[Traditions. Afrique du Nord. Maroc]

Koun Men Tahchem ; Ghazali ya Ghazali / David Benarouche, chant [acc. instr.]

[Traditions. Afrique du Nord. Maroc]

Loula Achki Fel Benat : moual ; Loula Achki Fel Benat Achki / David Benarouche, chant [acc. instr.]

[Traditions. Afrique du Nord. Maroc]

Free-breathing renal MR angiography with steady-state free-precession (SSFP) and slab-selective spin inversion: initial results.

BACKGROUND: The aim of our study was the investigation of a novel navigator-gated three-dimensional (3D) steady-state free-precession (SSFP) sequence for free-breathing renal magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) without contrast medium, and to examine the advantage of an additional inversion prepulse for improved contrast. METHODS: Eight healthy volunteers (mean age 29 years) and eight patients (mean age 53 years) were investigated on a 1.5 Tesla MR system (ACS-NT, Philips, Best, The Netherlands). Renal MRA was performed using three navigator-gated free-breathing cardiac-triggered 3D SSFP sequences [repetition time (TR) = 4.4 ms, echo time (TE) = 2.2 ms, flip angle 85 degrees, spatial resolution 1.25 x 1.25 x 4.0 mm(3), scanning time approximately 1 minute 30 seconds]. The same sequence was performed without magnetization preparation, with a non-slab selective and a slab-selective inversion prepulse. Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), contrast-to-noise (CNR) vessel length, and subjective image quality were compared. RESULTS: Three-dimensional SSFP imaging combined with a slab-selective inversion prepulse enabled selective and high contrast visualization of the renal arteries, including the more distal branches. Standard SSFP imaging without magnetization preparation demonstrated overlay by veins and renal parenchyma. A non-slab-selective prepulse abolished vessel visualization. CNR in SSFP with slab-selective inversion was 43.6 versus 10.6 (SSFP without magnetization preparation) and 0.4 (SSFP with non-slab-selective inversion), P < 0.008. CONCLUSION: Navigator-gated free-breathing cardiac-triggered 3D SSFP imaging combined with a slab-selective inversion prepulse is a novel, fast renal MRA technique without the need for contrast media.

L' arrest du Conseil d'en-haut, prononcé par le prophete royal David, contre Mazarin & les partisans. Par F.A.S.D.R.

[Mazarinade. 1649]

Catalogue d'une intéressante collection de tableaux... provenant du cabinet de feu M. Depping... / [expert] Gérard

[Vente. Art. 1854-02-03. Paris]

Moual Hagaz ; Moual Hagaz (suite) / David Zaïnou, chant [acc. instr.]

[Traditions. Afrique du Nord. Maroc]

Moual Sahli ; Mezmoum / David Zaïnou, chant [acc. instr.]

[Traditions. Afrique du Nord. Maroc]

Ksida Rafada Bhel Aïne ; Moual Hegaz Mecherki / David Zaïnou, chant [acc. instr.]

[Traditions. Afrique du Nord. Maroc]

Dir El Moudam ; Betaïhi d'El Gherib / David Zaïnou, chant [acc. instr.]

[Traditions. Afrique du Nord. Maroc]