951 resultados para Creatina - Shuttle CrP
Resumo:
En muchos países la producción de suplementos deportivos no está correctamente regulada a nivel gubernamental. Esto implica la posibilidad de que los ingredientes declarados como componentes del producto no concuerden con los que se indican en la etiqueta del mismo. La literatura ha descrito casos de doping positivo debido a que las sustancias no declaradas en las etiquetas de dichos suplementos se encuentran en la lista de sustancias prohibidas. Este Trabajo Fin de Grado tiene por objetivo realizar una revisión bibliográfica de los estudios y/o análisis que clarifiquen qué suplementos de proteínas, aminoácidos, creatina y orientados a la pérdida de peso y qué marcas o laboratorios son los más fiables y los que no tanto. Dicho estudio se ha enfocado a suplementos que se consumen tanto en el alto rendimiento como a nivel recreativo y social, donde el desconocimiento en este sentido es mucho mayor. También se expondrán los efectos secundarios asociados a su contaminación y/o a su uso inapropiado. ABSTRACT In many countries, the production of sport supplements is not properly regulated by the government. This means that it is possible the ingredients do not match the label claims. In some cases, undeclared substances contained in supplements may include some that are banned by anti-doping laws. This End of Degree Project aims to make a literature review of studies and / or analysis which clarify what kind of protein, amino acids, creatine and fat loss supplements and which brands or laboratories are less reliable, as well as to inform those that do are, not only in high performance sport, but also at the social and recreational level, where the lack of knowledge in this sense is much higher. Also, associated side effects to such contamination and inappropriate use found in the review will be exposed.
Resumo:
En muchos países la producción de suplementos deportivos no está correctamente regulada a nivel gubernamental. Esto implica la posibilidad de que los ingredientes declarados como componentes del producto no concuerden con los que se indican en la etiqueta del mismo. La literatura ha descrito casos de doping positivo debido a que las sustancias no declaradas en las etiquetas de dichos suplementos se encuentran en la lista de sustancias prohibidas. Este Trabajo Fin de Grado tiene por objetivo realizar una revisión bibliográfica de los estudios y/o análisis que clarifiquen qué suplementos de proteínas, aminoácidos, creatina y orientados a la pérdida de peso y qué marcas o laboratorios son los más fiables y los que no tanto. Dicho estudio se ha enfocado a suplementos que se consumen tanto en el alto rendimiento como a nivel recreativo y social, donde el desconocimiento en este sentido es mucho mayor. También se expondrán los efectos secundarios asociados a su contaminación y/o a su uso inapropiado.
Resumo:
The α C protein of group B Streptococcus (GBS) is a major surface-associated antigen. Although its role in the biology and virulence of GBS has not been defined, it is opsonic and capable of eliciting protective immunity. The α C protein is widely distributed among clinical isolates and is a potential protein carrier and antigen in conjugate vaccines to prevent GBS infections. The structural gene for the α C protein, bca, has been cloned and sequenced. The protein encoded by bca is related to a class of surface-associated proteins of Gram-positive cocci involved in virulence and immunity. To investigate the potential roles of the α C protein, bca null mutants were generated in which the bca gene was replaced with a kanamycin resistance cassette via homologous recombination using a novel shuttle/suicide vector. Studies of lethality in neonatal mice showed that the virulence of the bca null mutants was attenuated 5- to 7-fold when compared with the isogenic wild-type strain A909. Significant differences in mortality occurred in the first 24 h, suggesting that the role of the α antigen is important in the initial stages of the infection. In contrast to A909, bca mutants were no longer killed by polymorphonuclear leukocytes in the presence of α-specific antibodies in an in vitro opsonophagocytic assay. In contrast to previous studies, α antigen expression does not appear to play a role in resistance to opsonophagocytosis in the absence of α-specific antibodies. In addition, antibodies to the α C protein did not passively protect neonatal mice from lethal challenge with bca mutants, suggesting that these epitopes are uniquely present within the α antigen as expressed from the bca gene. Therefore, the α C protein is important in the pathogenesis of GBS infection and is a target for protective immunity in the development of GBS vaccines.