Factors influencing the outdoor concentration of carbonaceous aerosols at urban schools in Brisbane, Australia: implications for children’s exposure

This comprehensive study aimed to determine the sources and driving factors of organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) concentrations in ambient PM2.5 in urban schools. Sampling was conducted outdoors at 25 schools in the Brisbane Metropolitan Area, Australia. Concentrations of primary and secondary OC were quantified using the EC tracer method, with secondary OC accounting for an average of 60%. Principal component analysis distinguished the contributing sources above the background and identified groups of schools with differing levels of primary and secondary carbonaceous aerosols. Overall, the results showed that vehicle emissions, local weather conditions and secondary organic aerosols (SOA) were the key factors influencing concentrations of carbonaceous component of PM2.5 at these schools. These results provide insights into children’s exposure to vehicle emissions and SOA at such urban schools.

Temperature dependence of the surface conductivity of YBa2Cu3O7−δ accompanying the change in the concentration of dimerized oxygen holes

The intensity of inelastically scattered electrons measured by electron energy loss spectroscopy has been employed to monitor the surface conductivity of YBa2Cu3O6.9 as a function of temperature. The study shows a drastic change in surface conductivity precedes the superconducting transition at 90K. The increase in surface conductivity is accompanied by the formation of dimerized holes in the oxygen derived p-band. This phenomenon is not observed in the non-superconducting YBa2Cu3O6.2.

Jews who were held prisoner in the synagogue being taken to the police station; Baden Baden : Concentration Camps Deportations

Typed on verso: Die in der Synagoge in Baden-Baden gefangen gehaltenen Juden, werden zur Polizeidiektion gebracht. April 1938

Arrested Jewish men being marched from the synagogue holding a large Jewish star and surrounded by Nazi officers; Baden Baden Concentration Camps Deportations

Handwritten on verso: Baden-Baden marsch von du Synagoge zum Central hotel 1938

Arrival of Ludwig Marum and other socialist leaders from Baden (Karlsruhe) to the concentration camp Kislau.

Includes l-r: Hermann Stenz, Adam Remmele, Erwin Sammet, Ludwig Marum, Gustav Heller, Sally Gruenebaum and August Furrer

Deportation of Ludwig Marum and other socialist leaders from Baden (Karlsruhe) to the concentration camp Kislau.

Typed caption on verso: Schaufahrt durch Karlsruhe, 16 May 1933 auf der Kaiserstrasse mit dem Blick auf die Fahrbahn: ganz hinten allein: Ludwig Marum dann: Erwin Sammet u. Hermann Stenz verdeckt: Sally Gruenebaum u. August Furrer vorne: Gustav Heller u. Adam Remmele

Dormitory in the concentration camp Kislau.

Reprinted almost identically in "Fuehrer" on 23 July 1933 with the caption "Sozialistischer Schlafsaal"

Members of the Oldenburg Jewish community being taken from the Kasernenbunker to the court prison after Kristallnacht Concentration Camps; Deportations

On November 11, 1938 they were deported to Sachsenhausen

Arrival of Ludwig Marum and other socialist leaders from Baden (Karlsruhe) to the concentration camp Kislau.

Includes l-r: Hermann Stenz, Adam Remmele, Erwin Sammet, Ludwig Marum, Gustav Heller, Sally Gruenebaum and August Furrer