Coarse-level object recognition using interlevel products of complex wavelets

This paper introduces the Interlevel Product (ILP) which is a transform based upon the Dual-Tree Complex Wavelet. Coefficients of the ILP have complex values whose magnitudes indicate the amplitude of multilevel features, and whose phases indicate the nature of these features (e.g. ridges vs. edges). In particular, the phases of ILP coefficients are approximately invariant to small shifts in the original images. We accordingly introduce this transform as a solution to coarse scale template matching, where alignment concerns between decimation of a target and decimation of a larger search image can be mitigated, and computational efficiency can be maintained. Furthermore, template matching with ILP coefficients can provide several intuitive "near-matches" that may be of interest in image retrieval applications. © 2005 IEEE.

Semantic Discriminant mapping for classification and browsing of remote sensing textures and objects

We present a new approach based on Discriminant Analysis to map a high dimensional image feature space onto a subspace which has the following advantages: 1. each dimension corresponds to a semantic likelihood, 2. an efficient and simple multiclass classifier is proposed and 3. it is low dimensional. This mapping is learnt from a given set of labeled images with a class groundtruth. In the new space a classifier is naturally derived which performs as well as a linear SVM. We will show that projecting images in this new space provides a database browsing tool which is meaningful to the user. Results are presented on a remote sensing database with eight classes, made available online. The output semantic space is a low dimensional feature space which opens perspectives for other recognition tasks. © 2005 IEEE.

石榴裂果发生规律及其防治对策研究

石榴裂果是云南蒙自石榴生产中的突出问题 ;从幼果期至成熟果期均会发生裂果。一般果园裂果率为 2 0 %～2 5 % ,严重的果园达 5 0 %～ 70 % ,造成严重经济损失。在掌握其发生规律的基础上 ,采取春初施足农家肥 ,花期至幼果期每间隔 7～ 10d灌水 1次 ;幼果期至果实膨长期适当控水 ,每间隔 10～ 15d灌水 1次 ;临近雨季前 1个月逐增浇灌水频率 ,每间隔 7～ 10d灌水 1次 ,并以少量多次施肥。缓解前期干旱、气候干燥和与后期雨季连续降雨、果园高湿矛盾 ,增强果皮活性、韧性和抗性 ,控制好主要病虫害。裂果率由原来的 2 0 %～ 2 5 %降为现 2 .5 %～ 3.7%。

榕母管蓟马生物学特性研究

研究了榕母管蓟马（ＧｙｎａｉｋｏｔｈｒｉｐｓｕｚｅｌｉＺｉｍｍｅｒｍａｎ）生物学特性，结果表明：在温度２７、３０℃时，正常羽化率达９０．０％～９５．０％，雌虫产卵量达７５～８０粒，卵的孵化率达９０．０％～１００％。在２４℃温度范围内，成虫寿命长达３０～５６ｄ。在云南景谷１年发生８代，世代重叠。

The post-processed Galerkin method applied to non-linear shell vibrations

We present the results of a computational study of the post-processed Galerkin methods put forward by Garcia-Archilla et al. applied to the non-linear von Karman equations governing the dynamic response of a thin cylindrical panel periodically forced by a transverse point load. We spatially discretize the shell using finite differences to produce a large system of ordinary differential equations (ODEs). By analogy with spectral non-linear Galerkin methods we split this large system into a 'slowly' contracting subsystem and a 'quickly' contracting subsystem. We then compare the accuracy and efficiency of (i) ignoring the dynamics of the 'quick' system (analogous to a traditional spectral Galerkin truncation and sometimes referred to as 'subspace dynamics' in the finite element community when applied to numerical eigenvectors), (ii) slaving the dynamics of the quick system to the slow system during numerical integration (analogous to a non-linear Galerkin method), and (iii) ignoring the influence of the dynamics of the quick system on the evolution of the slow system until we require some output, when we 'lift' the variables from the slow system to the quick using the same slaving rule as in (ii). This corresponds to the post-processing of Garcia-Archilla et al. We find that method (iii) produces essentially the same accuracy as method (ii) but requires only the computational power of method (i) and is thus more efficient than either. In contrast with spectral methods, this type of finite-difference technique can be applied to irregularly shaped domains. We feel that post-processing of this form is a valuable method that can be implemented in computational schemes for a wide variety of partial differential equations (PDEs) of practical importance.

Restoration of images and 3D data to higher resolution by deconvolution with sparsity regularization

Image convolution is conventionally approximated by the LTI discrete model. It is well recognized that the higher the sampling rate, the better is the approximation. However sometimes images or 3D data are only available at a lower sampling rate due to physical constraints of the imaging system. In this paper, we model the under-sampled observation as the result of combining convolution and subsampling. Because the wavelet coefficients of piecewise smooth images tend to be sparse and well modelled by tree-like structures, we propose the L0 reweighted-L2 minimization (L0RL2 ) algorithm to solve this problem. This promotes model-based sparsity by minimizing the reweighted L2 norm, which approximates the L0 norm, and by enforcing a tree model over the weights. We test the algorithm on 3 examples: a simple ring, the cameraman image and a 3D microscope dataset; and show that good results can be obtained. © 2010 IEEE.

Convex approaches to model wavelet sparsity patterns

Statistical dependencies among wavelet coefficients are commonly represented by graphical models such as hidden Markov trees (HMTs). However, in linear inverse problems such as deconvolution, tomography, and compressed sensing, the presence of a sensing or observation matrix produces a linear mixing of the simple Markovian dependency structure. This leads to reconstruction problems that are non-convex optimizations. Past work has dealt with this issue by resorting to greedy or suboptimal iterative reconstruction methods. In this paper, we propose new modeling approaches based on group-sparsity penalties that leads to convex optimizations that can be solved exactly and efficiently. We show that the methods we develop perform significantly better in de-convolution and compressed sensing applications, while being as computationally efficient as standard coefficient-wise approaches such as lasso. © 2011 IEEE.

Biologically-inspired object recognition system with features from complex wavelets

In this paper, a novel cortex-inspired feed-forward hierarchical object recognition system based on complex wavelets is proposed and tested. Complex wavelets contain three key properties for object representation: shift invariance, which enables the extraction of stable local features; good directional selectivity, which simplifies the determination of image orientations; and limited redundancy, which allows for efficient signal analysis using the multi-resolution decomposition offered by complex wavelets. In this paper, we propose a complete cortex-inspired object recognition system based on complex wavelets. We find that the implementation of the HMAX model for object recognition in [1, 2] is rather over-complete and includes too much redundant information and processing. We have optimized the structure of the model to make it more efficient. Specifically, we have used the Caltech 5 standard dataset to compare with Serre's model in [2] (which employs Gabor filter bands). Results demonstrate that the complex wavelet model achieves a speed improvement of about 4 times over the Serre model and gives comparable recognition performance. © 2011 IEEE.

Co-occurrence flow for pedestrian detection

The last few years have seen considerable progress in pedestrian detection. Recent work has established a combination of oriented gradients and optic flow as effective features although the detection rates are still unsatisfactory for practical use. This paper introduces a new type of motion feature, the co-occurrence flow (CoF). The advance is to capture relative movements of different parts of the entire body, unlike existing motion features which extract internal motion in a local fashion. Through evaluations on the TUD-Brussels pedestrian dataset, we show that our motion feature based on co-occurrence flow contributes to boost the performance of existing methods. © 2011 IEEE.

生物膜活性测定中TTC-脱氢酶活性测定法的改进

对生物膜活性测定中氯化三苯基四氮唑(TTC)-脱氢酶活性测定法进行了改进,解决了标准曲线制作稳定性差的问题,对测定中的诸多影响因素进行比较分析,确定了改进后的脱氢酶活性测定的最佳条件.结果表明,以甲苯作为萃取剂的液-液分层明显,提取效果好,操作简便.以硫化钠代替连二亚硫酸钠作还原剂,效果较好,显色稳定不褪色.反应的适宜pH值为8.6,适宜温度为38℃.同时确定了生物膜的最佳培养反应时间为6h.