Doentes Cirúrgicos e Politraumatizados numa Unidade de Cuidados Intensivos Médica

OBJECTIVE: to characterize and to assess in terms of severity the surgical and trauma patients admitted to a medical intensive care unit (ICU). DESIGN: retrospective study base on clinical records and the ICU computerized database. SETTING: the medical ICU of a tertiary hospital. RESULTS: of the 2468 patients admitted to the ICU in 1989, 289 (11.7%) were surgical or trauma ones. The more frequent reasons for admission were: the need for mechanical ventilation, metabolic problems, and depression of consciousness. Of these 289 patients, 48.1% required mechanical ventilation, 14.9 hemodialysis; 4.8% had a pulmonary artery catheter inserted. Mean APACHE II, TISS and MOF scores were high (20.09 +/- 9.29, 24.17 +/- 11.45 and 5.4 +/- 3.59); they were determined in 79.2, 88.2 and 43.9% of patients respectively. Both APACHE and TISS scores were correlated with mortality. When compared with medical patients, surgical/trauma ones although younger (52.9 +/- 20.7 years versus 55.9 +/- 20.2, p = 0.00152), had a longer mean stay in the ICU (7.63 +/- 12.7 days v. 3.64 +/- 7.61, p = 0.0001), and a higher mortality (also in the ICU) (28.7 v. 16.7, p = 0.0005. COMMENTS: these are seriously ill patients, who are frequently referred to the ICU in late stages of clinical evolution. We propose they should be closely followed, from the earliest possible stage, by medical-surgical teams, in order to benefit from a multidisciplinary approach.

A Medicina Contemporânea – Um caso emblemático na imprensa médica portuguesa

Mestrado em Jornalismo

Fatal septicemia caused by Chromobacterium violaceum in a child from Colombia

A 4-year old child living in Colombia presented with a history of fever and severe abdominal pain for four days. The patient developed pneumonia, septic shock, multiple organ failure and died on the fifth day of hospitalization. Chromobacterium violaceum was isolated from admission blood cultures and was resistant to ampicillin, cephalosporins, carbapenems and aminoglycosides.

Reconstrução/processamento de imagem médica com GPU em tomossíntese

Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia Biomédica

Giardia intestinalis and nutritional status in children participating in the complementary nutrition program, Antioquia, Colombia, May to October 2006

Giardia intestinalis infection is prevalent throughout the world and widely distributed in developing countries. In general, children display serious consequences to their state of health, including slow height-weight development; therefore, the main aim of this study was to determine the association between Giardia infection and the nutritional status of children who participate in the program of complementary feeding (Mejoramiento Alimentario y Nutricional de Antioquia (MANA) - Instituto Colombiano de Bienestar Familiar (ICBF)). A cross-sectional study examining the association of giardiasis with nutritional status was conducted. A total of 2035 children aged eight months to six years-old were studied. Data were collected using structured questionnaires, anthropometric measurements and laboratory analysis of blood and stool samples. Analysis of the results showed that 27.6% of children were infected with G. intestinalis, while 8.1% and 1.9% were mildly and significantly underweight, respectively, and 14.1% presented stunting. Giardiasis was statistically identified as a strong predictor of stunting in this study population.

Reconstrução de imagem médica de mamografia por emissão de positrões (PEM) com GPU

Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia Biomédica

As Humanidades e a Formação Médica Pediátrica

Neste artigo define-se o conceito de Humanidades o qual se relaciona com certas áreas do conhecimento ligadas aos valores humanos (história, literatura, ética, comunicação, sociologia, etc.). Em termos formais (acções de formação sistemáticas, opcionais ou obrigatórias) não tem sido feito grande investimento nesta área, quer na pré-graduação, quer na pós-graduação. Nalguns países, no entanto, fazem parte do currículo nuclear algumas das disciplinas atrás referidas. Abora-se o papel educativo da ficçaõ literária como exercício de aprendizagem de certos tópicos que entram no âmbito das Humanidades e comenta-se o desenvolvimento desta área no nosso país no campo da Pediatria. É estabelecida uma relação com o conceito de pediatria social e faz-se alusão ao papel de pediatras portugueses na cultura do ramo de conhecimento em análise. Por fim chama-se a atenção para a necessiadde de formação, em humanidades, do pediatra actual e do futuro, o qual terá de lidar com situações que ultrapassam o âmbito meramente técnico-científico face às múltiplas transformações do mundo de hoje em que a criança e adolescente deverão ser encarados no contexto do meio familiar e social. O médico (pediatra) moderno deverá ter, por isso uma cultura de Humanidades.

Incompetência Cérvico-Ístmica. Terapêutica Médica versus Cerclage

Introdução: A Incompetência Cérvico-Ístmica (ICI) caracteriza-se pela história obstétrica de abortos do 2º trimestre ou partos pré-termo em que a dilatação do colo ocorre insidiosamente, resultando a expulsão de feto inviável ou prematuro. Objectivo: Comparação dos resultados entre Terapêutica Médica versus Cerclage nos casos de ICI detectada entre as 18 e as 27 semanas. Material e Métodos: Entre Janeiro de 1998 e Dezembro de 2000 foram internados no SMMF 74 casos de ICI. Efectuou-se uma análise retrospectiva de 33 grávidas cujo diagnóstico foi efectuado entre as 18 e as 27 semanas, com os seguintes critérios de inclusão: colo curto ≤ 25 mm, sem protusão da bolsa, sem dilatação do colo, e sem contractilidade uterina. Resultados: Dentro deste subgrupo de 33 grávidas, 23 grávidas foram submetidas a terapêutica cirúrgica, Cerclage de McDonald modificada, associada a tocólise a antibioterapia no peri-operatório, 10 grávidas foram submetidas a terapêutica médica: repouso absoluto em, posição de Trendlenburg, tocólise e antibioterapia. Conclusões: Concluiu-se que em ambos os grupos se obteve um prolongamento da gravidez (terapêutica médica permitiu prolongar a gravidez em 9,2S ± 3,5S, enquanto a cerclage prolongou a gravidez em 12,5S ± 3,5S), e que o grupo da cerclage não obteve melhores resultados em relação à idade gestacional do parto ou à morbilidade perinatal quando comparado com o grupo da terapêutica médica.

Thermoterapy effective and safer than miltefosine in the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Colombia

In Colombia, pentavalent antimonials and miltefosine are the drugs of choice for the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis; however, their toxicity, treatment duration, (treatment adherence problems), cost, and decreased parasite sensitivity make the search for alternative treatments of American cutaneous leishmaniasis necessary. Based on the results found in a controlled, open, randomized, phase III clinical trial, the efficacy and safety of miltefosine was compared to that of thermotherapy for the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Colombia. Adult patients from the Colombian army participated in the study; they received either 50 mg of miltefosine three times per day for 28 days by the oral route (n = 145) or a thermotherapy (Thermomed®) application of 50 °C for 30 seconds over the lesion and surrounding area (n = 149). Both groups were comparable with respect to their sociodemographic, clinical, and parasitological characteristics. The efficacy of miltefosine by protocol and by intention to treat was 70% (85/122 patients) and 69% (85/145 patients), respectively. The adverse effects were primarily gastrointestinal for miltefosine and pain at the lesion site after treatment for thermotherapy. No statistically significant difference was found in the efficacy analysis (intention to treat and protocol) between the two treatments. ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT00471705.