Avaliação espaço-temporal da disponibilidade hídrica subterrânea do município de São José do Rio Preto

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Caracterização in vitro de técnica biomagnética empregando magnetômetros 3D para avaliar tempo de trânsito esofagiano

The biomagnetic techniques use different magnetic field detectors to measure parameters of the human physiology. Those techniques present the advantage of being noninvasive and radiation free. Among them we can show up the Superconducting Quantum Interference Device (SQUID), the Current Alternate Biosusceptometry (ACB) and, more recently, the employment of anisotropic magnetoresistive sensors. Those magnetic sensors have a low cost and good sensitivity to measure different physiological parameters using magnetic markers. The biomagnetic techniques have being used successfully through study on the characteristics of the gastrointestinal tract. Recent research, the magnetoresistors were used to evaluate the transit time and localization of magnetic sources in different parts of the gastrointestinal tract. The objective of this work is the characterization, with in vitro tests, of a biomagnetic instrumentation using two 3-axis magnetoresistors arranged in a gradiometric coplanar setup to evaluate esophageal transit time, analyze and compare the results of experimental signals and the magnetic theory, as well as evaluate the instrumentation gain with use of tri-axial sensor front to the mono-axial sensor. The instrumentation is composed by two three-axis sensing magnetometers, precision power supply and amplifier electronic circuits. The sensors fixed in a coplanar setup were separate by distance of 18 cm. The sensitivity tests had been carried through using a cylindrical magnet (ø = 4 mm and h = 4 mm) of neodymium-iron-boron (grid 35). The tests were done moving the permanent magnet on the sensors parallel axis, simulating the food transit in... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Modelos de tratamento para adenocarcinomas de próstata tratados por radioterapia conformacional 3D

Radiotherapy is a branch of medical physics related to the treatment of malignant neoplasm, being an important instrument in the fight against cancer, when combined with the effort of a multidisciplinary team, composed of, physicians, physicists, nurses and technicians. Every year more than 3.5 million new cases of cancer are recorded in the world, being the prostate cancer responsible for approximately 25% of this amount (INCA and IARC, 2008). In this type of cancer, radiotherapy is a method indicated for treatement. The technological advance in this area over years has allowed a greater accuracy in the tumor location, more conformation of the radiation beam around the tumor, reducing the dose in healthy tissues and a consequent dose increase on treatment (Bedford et al., 1999). A radiotherapy planning, in which the physicist develops an important role, is composed of several steps, including choosing the best configuration of treatment beams. This choice has a close relationship with success of therapy and is critical to achieve the best distribution of dose inside the tumor and expose the least as possible the healthy tissue to radiation. In this work, two options for setting up camps in the first phase in a treatment of prostate cancer were simulated in computer planning: 4 fields orthogonal or “Box” with gantry angles in 00, 1800, 2700 e 90° and 4 fields angled or “X” (1350, 450, 3150 e 2250). The percentage of the rectal volume exposed to 40, 50, 60, 72 and 76 Gy should be limited to 60, 50, 25, 15 and 5% respectively (Greco et al., 2003). The femoral toxicity have limited dose by 70% of the total dose prescribed in a prostate treatment (Bedford et al., 1999). The planning of 27 patients with prostate adenocarcinoma submitted to 3D conformal radiotherapy were accompanied. As a result, it was assessed that the best TCP (tumor control probability)... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Modelo petrofísico 3D do Arenito Namorado no Campo de Namorado - Bacia de Campos, RJ

The Namorado Oil Field represents the beginning of the oil exploration in Brazil, in the 70s, and it is still a subject of researches because the importance of this turbidite sandstone in the brazilian oil production. The Namorado’s production level was denominated “Namorado sandstone”, it is composed by turbidite sandstone deposited during the Albian-Cenomanian. In order to define the structural geometry of the main reservoir, geological and geophysical tools like RECON and Geographix (Prizm – Seisvision) softwares were used, and its application was focused on geological facies analysis, for that propose well logs, seismic interpretation and petrophysical calculations were applied. Along this work 15 vertical wells were used and the facies reservoirs were mapped of along the oil field; it is important to mentioned that the all the facies were calibrated by the correlation rock vs log profile, and 12 reservoir-levels (NA-1, NA-2, NA-3, NA-4, NA-5, NA-6, NA-7, NA-8, NA-9, NA-10, NA-11 e NA-12) were recognized and interpreted. Stratigraphic sections (NE-SW and NW-SE) were also built based on stratigraphic well correlation of each interpreted level, and seismic interpretation (pseudo-3D seismic data) on the southeastern portion of the oil field. As results it was interpreted on two- and three-dimensional maps that the deposition reservoir’s levels are hight controlled by normal faults systems. This research also shows attribute maps interpretation and its relationship with the selection of the reservoir attribute represented on it. Finally the data integration of stratigraphic, geophysical and petrophysical calculations lets us the possibility of obtain a detail geological/petrophysical 3D model of the main reservoir levels of “Namorado sandstone” inside the oil/gás field

Planejamento ambiental do distrito de Ameliópolis – Presidente Prudente - SP

The concern with the environmental planning has become important in Brazil recently. Until then, nature was conceived as a resource, because of the implementation of developmental policies that perdured to the 1970s, based on the expansion of the industrial complex, altogether hadn´t preoccupation by the federal government with the relationship between society and nature. During this period, after the threat of not receiving more international investment to finance large projects in the country, accompanied by pressure from civil society organizations, the federal government began to take some action related to the environment, such as the creation of federal agencies (IBAMA), application of environmental laws and decrees in order to create rules for the proper use of natural resources such as water, soil and air. From the decade of 1990 onwards the master plans have become a mandatory document for all municipalities in the country with a population over 20,000 inhabitants, ranging from health issues to the development of urban, rural and environmental planning. Thus, the environmental planning gained prominence in the political scene. Therefore, to achieve environmental planning is necessary to follow some social and environmental parameters, which for this survey, conducted in the District of Ameliópolis – Presidente Prudente... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Efeito da quantidade do recurso na determinação do tamanho corporal, da biomassa, da abundância e da diversidade de bruquídeos e seus parasitóides

In the present study it was investigated, in plant and population scale, the relationship between the amount of resource and body size, species diversity and abundance and biomass of bruchids and their parasitoids. Possible effects of resource quality (soil quality and concentration of tannins in seeds) in response to the variables mentioned above were also analyzed. Mimosa bimucronata fruits were collected in two areas during the occurrence of bruchids during the years 2009 and 2010. Only the species of bruchid Acanthoscelides schrankiae was found infesting the fruits of M. bimucronata. The parasitoids belong to families Braconidae, Encyrtidae, Eulophidae, Eupelmidae, Eurytomidae and Pteromalidae. Most local-level analysis showed no significant results for both years of collection and study areas. There was only significant result for the relationship between the biomass of parasitoids and the concentration of tannins considering the year 2009 (negative trend). The soil from Lageado showed higher percentages of silt and clay. With respect to chemical analysis, pH, cation exchange capacity, and concentrations of organic matter, potassium, calcium and magnesium were all significantly higher in soil from Lageado. Therefore, it was found that the plants from Lageado are growing in more fertile soils. However, it was found that the amount of fruits and seeds was significantly higher in Rubião. Comparisons of the abundance of bruchids and parasitoids diversity among the areas that showed the highest values were observed in Rubião. In this study it was found that the abundance of bruchids and parasitoids, as well as the diversity of parasitoids was greatest in the area that had higher amounts of fruits and seeds, suggesting a significant relationship between the amount of resources and the abundance and diversity. However, it is possible that ...(Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Expansão ex vivo de células uroteliais em scaffolds 3D

Malformations and possible damages to the urogenital system can be originated in the embryonic period. Moreover, fire guns, knives and accidents, where there is the disruption of the urethra, also cause these lesions. The objective was to analyze the contribution of tissue engineering in the construction of neo-urethra, developed by bioengineering. We performed an urothelial ex vivo expansion of cells in 3D scaffolds (platelet gel matrix and acellular porcine aorta) to assess the contribution of this technique in the construction of a neo-urethra. Mechanical dissociation was made of the inner wall of 10 North Folk rabbit’s bladder, weighing 2.5 to 3.0 kg. After dissociation the cell content was centrifuged and obtained a pellet of urothelial cells. The pellet was ressuspended in culture medium DMEM F12 and cells were maintained in culture for 15 days. Immunohistochemical analysis characterized the urothelial culture. The cells were then implanted in the scaffold - platelet gel. In a second experiment using aortic porcine acellular matrix were implanted urothelial cells alone and urothelial cells on platelet gel, on the inner wall of the scaffold - aorta, with space for setting bordered by a urethral probe. The complex probe - cells - aorta and probe - cells in platelet gel - aorta, were sealed with suture material and culture were maintained in a humidified 37ºC incubator with 5% CO2 in air for 12 days to subsequent histological analysis of urothelium cell adhesion to the scaffolds. By observation under an optical microscope, we could see the growth of cells in the scaffold platelet gel, from a monolayer in to a three-dimensional structure. In the acellular porcine aortic matrix containing the platelet gel, we could observe a few quantity of urothelial cells adhered. However with the acellular porcine aortic matrix in which was implanted only the urothelial cells, we have obtained adhesion to the wall

Desenvolvimento de sistema eletrônico para instrumentar um DPL em ensaio dinâmico de resistência do solo

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Elétrica - FEIS

O recurso e o razoável

Pós-graduação em Direito - FCHS

Responsabildade civil do advogado pela perda de uma chance

Pós-graduação em Direito - FCHS

La Ricostruzione 3D di Bologna nel XVI Secolo

Il lavoro presentato ha come oggetto la ricostruzione tridimensionale della città di Bologna nella sua fase rinascimentale. Tale lavoro vuole fornire un modello 3D delle architetture e degli spazi urbani utilizzabile sia per scopi di ricerca nell’ambito della storia delle città sia per un uso didattico-divulgativo nel settore del turismo culturale. La base del lavoro è una fonte iconografica di grande importanza: l’affresco raffigurante Bologna risalente al 1575 e situato in Vaticano; questa è una veduta a volo d’uccello di grandi dimensioni dell’intero tessuto urbano bolognese all’interno della terza cerchia di mura. In esso sono rappresentate in maniera particolareggiata le architetture civili e ecclesiastiche, gli spazi ortivi e cortilivi interni agli isolati e alcune importanti strutture urbane presenti in città alla fine del Cinquecento, come l’area portuale e i canali interni alla città, oggi non più visibili. La ricostruzione tridimensionale è stata realizzata tramite Blender, software per la modellazione 3D opensource, attraverso le fasi di modellazione, texturing e creazione materiali (mediante campionamento delle principali cromie presenti nell’affresco), illuminazione e animazione. Una parte della modellazione è stata poi testata all’interno di un GIS per verificare l’utilizzo delle geometrie 3D come elementi collegabili ad altre fonti storiche relative allo sviluppo urbano e quindi sfruttabili per la ricerca storica. Grande attenzione infine è stata data all’uso dei modelli virtuali a scopo didattico-divulgativo e per il turismo culturale. La modellazione è stata utilizzata all’interno di un motore grafico 3D per costruire un ambiente virtuale interattivo nel quale un utente anche non esperto possa muoversi per esplorare gli spazi urbani della Bologna del Cinquecento. In ultimo è stato impostato lo sviluppo di un’applicazione per sistemi mobile (Iphone e Ipad) al fine di fornire uno strumento per la conoscenza della città storica in mobilità, attraverso la comparazione dello stato attuale con quello ricostruito virtualmente.

Determining bridge deck deterioration through the use of 3D photogrammetry

The bridge inspection industry has yet to utilize a rapidly growing technology that shows promise to help improve the inspection process. This thesis investigates the abilities that 3D photogrammetry is capable of providing to the bridge inspector for a number of deterioration mechanisms. The technology can provide information about the surface condition of some bridge components, primarily focusing on the surface defects of a concrete bridge which include cracking, spalling and scaling. Testing was completed using a Canon EOS 7D camera which then processed photos using AgiSoft PhotoScan to align the photos and develop models. Further processing of the models was done using ArcMap in the ArcGIS 10 program to view the digital elevation models of the concrete surface. Several experiments were completed to determine the ability of the technique for the detection of the different defects. The cracks that were able to be resolved in this study were a 1/8 inch crack at a distance of two feet above the surface. 3D photogrammetry was able to be detect a depression of 1 inch wide with 3/16 inch depth which would be sufficient to measure any scaling or spalling that would be required be the inspector. The percentage scaled or spalled was also able to be calculated from the digital elevation models in ArcMap. Different camera factors including the distance from the defects, number of photos and angle, were also investigated to see how each factor affected the capabilities. 3D photogrammetry showed great promise in the detection of scaling or spalling of the concrete bridge surface.

Militares, gobierno y sociedad civil, en Israel

Este trabajo trata acerca de las cambiantes relaciones entre las fuerzas armadas, el gobierno y la sociedad civil en Israel. A pesar de que Israel cuenta con una democracia bien establecida, una sociedad civil activa e históricamente las fuerzas armadas han mostrado una subordinación a los gobiernos electos, los cambios que afectan los distintos niveles de la democracia en el país, los desarrollos sociales y la naturaleza evolutiva de sus fuerzas armadas presentan un desafío para el análisis. El marco de este tema es lo que generalmente es conocido como el conflicto Árabe-Israelí, en sus diversas fases. La larga duración de los conflictos en los que Israel ha estado involucrado desde su establecimiento como un estado independiente en 1948, sus múltiples y cambiantes características, ambos generan presiones sobre los distintos actores fuerzas armadas, sociedad y gobierno - y sirven como un recurso para la legitimación y deslegitimación de iniciativas, actitudes y políticas.

Medição do módulo de elasticidade com recurso à videogrametria: comparação com a técnica tradicional

A determinação do módulo de elasticidade dos materiais é fundamental para o dimensionamento de estruturas de engenharia civil, uma vez que os ensaios para determinação desta característica apresentam custos elevados, é frequente a utilização dos valores tabelados pelos regulamentos. Sendo a medição por videogrametria, um sistema recente na aplicação a estruturas de engenharia civil não existe ainda suficiente experiência da sua utilização em certas áreas, como a medição do módulo de elasticidade. Deste modo, esta dissertação avalia este parâmetro através de dois sistemas de medição distintos, sendo eles, o extensómetro tradicional e o vídeo-extensómetro, com o intuito de verificar se a medição de deslocamentos por videogrametria é um bom método para medir pequenas deformações. As marcas de referência para medição por videogrametria são muito importante, assim sendo, foram desenvolvidos vários métodos de marcação no betão até atingir o tipo de marcação que induzia menor variação dos parâmetros medidos. Após a recolha dos dados foram aplicadas ferramentas de cálculo desenvolvidas em Excel a fim de compactar a grande quantidade de dados recolhidos ao longo dos ensaios desenvolvidos. De forma a quantificar e comparar os valores de módulo de elasticidade pelos dois sistemas de medição foram desenvolvidas duas campanhas de ensaios, uma para aços em que foram ensaiados três provetes de aço de varões com os diâmetros de 6mm, 8mm, 10mm, 12mm, 16mm, 20mm, 25mm e 32mm. E uma outra campanha de ensaio que foi destinada ao betão em que foram ensaiados provetes cilíndricos, cúbicos e prismáticos em várias idades até aos 28 dias a fim de determinar o módulo de elasticidade dos mesmos. Com o desenvolver desta dissertação mostrou-se que o sistema de medição por videogrametria para quantificar o módulo de elasticidade, pode ser considerado exato mas não totalmente preciso, assim sendo, este sistema de medição pode ser cuidadosamente aplicado em detrimento do sistema tradicional, sendo provável que com o evoluir tecnológico a sua precisão seja bastante melhorada.

A multimodal tablet-based interface for designing and reviewing 3D engineering models

The ability to view and interact with 3D models has been happening for a long time. However, vision-based 3D modeling has only seen limited success in applications, as it faces many technical challenges. Hand-held mobile devices have changed the way we interact with virtual reality environments. Their high mobility and technical features, such as inertial sensors, cameras and fast processors, are especially attractive for advancing the state of the art in virtual reality systems. Also, their ubiquity and fast Internet connection open a path to distributed and collaborative development. However, such path has not been fully explored in many domains. VR systems for real world engineering contexts are still difficult to use, especially when geographically dispersed engineering teams need to collaboratively visualize and review 3D CAD models. Another challenge is the ability to rendering these environments at the required interactive rates and with high fidelity. In this document it is presented a virtual reality system mobile for visualization, navigation and reviewing large scale 3D CAD models, held under the CEDAR (Collaborative Engineering Design and Review) project. It’s focused on interaction using different navigation modes. The system uses the mobile device's inertial sensors and camera to allow users to navigate through large scale models. IT professionals, architects, civil engineers and oil industry experts were involved in a qualitative assessment of the CEDAR system, in the form of direct user interaction with the prototypes and audio-recorded interviews about the prototypes. The lessons learned are valuable and are presented on this document. Subsequently it was prepared a quantitative study on the different navigation modes to analyze the best mode to use it in a given situation.