Partidos políticos e processo decisório em Araraquara-SP (1997-2008)

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

O desafio da superação do analfabetismo no Brasil: uma análise do Programa Brasil Alfabetizado no município de Araraquara/SP

Pós-graduação em Educação Escolar - FCLAR

A six-year retrospective study of maxillofacial fractures from radiographic findings in Brazil

Objective: this study aimed to present the causes and prevalence of maxillofacial fractures that occurred in the region of Araraquara-SP – Brazil, during a 6-year period. Methods: information regarding age, gender, etiology, and maxillofacial fracture site, as well as type of radiographic examination were evaluated. Data were gathered from the radiographic examination and radiographic report of the Division of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, and from charts of the Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of patients attending for maxillofacial fractures from 2004 to 2009. A descriptive statistical analysis was developed using Epi-Info 3.5.1. Results: from a total of 11,728 patients assisted, 407 patients presented maxillofacial fractures. The prevalent age ranged from 21 to 30 years old. From the total patients, 322 were men and 85 were women (ratio of men to women was 3.8:1). Panoramic radiography (n = 306) was most frequently used to observe maxillofacial fractures. Mandibular fractures were frequent in the body of the mandible (n = 127), followed by symphysis (n = 102), and the prevalent cause was traffic accidents (n = 161). Conclusion: more than half of affected individuals were younger than 40 years of age. The body of the mandible was the most common fracture location visualized by panoramic radiography for traffic accidents and fights.

Impacto da saúde bucal na qualidade de vida de pacientes maiores de 50 anos de duas instituições públicas do município de Araraquara-SP

Introduction: Oral health can affect quality of life, and the OHIP-14 index (Oral Health Impact Profile) is useful for evaluating this impact. Objective: to investigate the impact of oral health conditions on the quality of life of patients over  50  years, assessing, initially, the consistency of the short form of the Oral Health Impact Profile index (OHIP-14). Material and method: A cross-sectional study was performed among 149 patients of two public institutions for routine dental (UNESP) and medical practice (Municipal). They were interviewed using the OHIP-14 formulary, assessing its internal consistency (Cronbach´s alpha coefficient) and the OHIP-mean (additive method). The patients were distributed according to sex, age, and education level. The comparisons of interest were made using Student´s t test at a 5% level of significance. Result: A total of consecutive patients (n = 149) participated of this study (87% response rate). Cronbach´s alpha coefficient was 0.78, denoting a good consistency of the OHIP index. The OHIP mean was 4.98. The most prevalently affected OHIP domains were dimensions of physical pain: painful aching (11.40%) and uncomfortable eating foods (21.50%). There was non-significant difference (p > 0.05) between the mean OHIP value in relation to each of gender, age, and education level. Conclusion: The OHIP-14 is a reliable instrument of assessing oral health-related quality of life, and among patients under routine practice, it was found a low impact of oral conditions on their quality of life in the studied institutions (UNESP and Municipal).

Indicadores antropométricos do estado nutricional de pré-escolares em Araraquara, SP

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Terceirização e trabalhadores da construção civil na cidade de Araraquara/SP

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Occurrence of Lutzomyia longipalpis (Phlebotominae) and canine visceral leishmaniasis in a rural area of Ilha Solteira, SP, Brazil

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

As Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação (TIC) e a formação de professores: um estudo qualitativo com professores da educação básica no município de Araraquara, SP

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Projeto Saúde na Praça: uma experiência de promoção da saúde em Araraquara-SP

Introduction: Considering the benefi ts of a regular physical activity already indicated on literature and, on the other hand, the high prevalence of physical inactivity, the negative impact of this behavior to the population’s health and also to the public safe, Araraquara city hall (SP) creates the project Health in the Square off ering Lian Gong practice to elderly people since 2001. Objective and Methodology: This experience report describes such project and how it is monitored by city hall through some indicators of physical assessment that was obtained whit the participants in 2007 (General Gymnastics mode). Results: During nine years, this project evolved exponentially because included three physical activity types (General Gymnastics, Hidrogymnastics and Tai-chi-chuan) in 55 city’s spots, mostly public squares, and it benefi ciates about 1.300 adults. The Project has achieved good results in provides health of participants, what justify continuation and expansion of the project in this city.

Polimosfismo genético da glicose-6-fosfato desidrogenase na população da região de Araraquara-SP

The most important role played by the enzyme Glucose- 6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (G6PD) in erythrocyte metabolism is in generating energy and reducing power used to protect the cell against oxidative attack. G6PD deficiency is the erythroenzymopathy that most frequently causes hemolytic anemia, and more than 130 molecular variants have already been identified. The aim of this study was to analyze the genetic mutations in the G6PD-deficient adult males in the population of the region of Araraquara, São Paulo State. Out of 5087 male blood donors, 89 were deficient for G6PD, as confirmed by assaying the enzyme activity and electrophoresis on cellulose acetate. Thus, a frequency of 1.75% of G6PD-deficient patients was found, this value being similar to other investigations in São Paulo state. Molecular analysis was performed by amplification of genomic DNA with specific primers and digestion with restriction enzymes. In 96.6% of the patients, the G6PD A¯ variant was observed, with mutations at residues 376(A→G) and 202(G→A). Mean G6PD specific activity among the patients was 1.31 IU.g Hb-1.min-1 at 37ºC, that is 10.8% of the normal activity of the G6PD B enzyme. The variant forms G6PD A¯ 680(G→T) and 968(T→C) were not found. In 3.4% of the deficient individuals, the G6PD Mediterranean variant was found, with a mutation at 563(C→T). In these cases, mean enzymatic activity was 0.25 IU.g Hb-1.min-1 at 37ºC, or 2.1% of the enzymatic activity of G6PD B. The use of traditional techniques, allied to the identification of the different molecular variants, is important for the understanding of the structural and functional properties and hemolytic behavior of the red blood cells of the patient.

Isolamento e identificação das micobactérias em águas tratadas provenientes do sistema de abastecimento de Araraquara-SP

Water quality is very important for the health and the population welfare, and the public supply system must provide water quality and suffi cient quantity for the entire population. Water treatment stations, are the main way to obtain water quality. When this doesn’t occur, several problems can affect the population, in this case, using water with poor quality is a constant risk of emergence causing various diseases. The elimination of microorganisms in treated water reduces competition, encouraging the multiplication of chlorine resistant bacteria as Mycobacterium genus frequently isolated from treated and chlorinated water. Considering the lack of indication from examinations of mycobacteria routine laboratory for quality control of drinking water and other human uses, the objective was to verify the presence isolate and identify the environmental mycobacteria in the system water source surface of Araraquara - SP. We analyzed 40 water samples, distributed as follows: ten water gross collected at Station Water Treatment Plant (WTP), harvested after ten fi ltration; ten collected in the reservoir after chlorination and ten in the network distribution. Were recovered 43 isolates of mycobacteria. All isolates were subjected to PCR-PRA. The mycobacteria were identifi ed as M. lentifl avum, M. parafortuitum, M. genavense, M. gordonae, M. fortuitum, M. confl uent, M. duvalii, M. avium subspecies paratuberculosis and M. szulgai. With these results, was concluded that water is an important source of environmental mycobacteria probably related to several human diseases, suggesting the carrying out continuous monitoring of the microorganisms in the system drinking water.

Spatial and temporal quality of water in the Itupararanga Reservoir, Alto Sorocaba basin (SP), Brazil

Considering the great importance of the Itupararanga Reservoir, Upper Alto Sorocaba basin/SP, this study aimed to report the variations of some parameters of water quality in the spatial and temporal gradients in this multipurpose res- ervoir. The eutrophication of this reservoir was checked using the Carlson Index Modified and the results indicate that the surface water were classified as eutrophic and mesotrophic in wet and dry periods, being characterized the better quality of water in wet period. In the vertical gradient the results showed a stratiphication in all parameters analyzed, except for the electrical conductivity, with good correlation between total phosphorous and chlorophyll-a, indicating that eutrophication of the reservoir changes the conditions of algal growth, mainly in its initial area. Immediate inter- ventions are needed, which must be directed to planning of land use, domestic effluents treatment, taking to an inte- grated management of this important watershed located in the São Paulo State.

Prevalence and geographical distribution of Toxoplasma gondii in dogs in the urban area of Botucatu, SP, Brazil

Toxoplasmosis is a worldwide zoonosis caused by Toxoplasma gondii, and can infect a wide variety of animals including humans. Domestic animals can be an important sentinel population for infection in the community. Occurrence of T. gondii infection was assessed in dogs in the urban area of Botucatu city, SP, Brazil. In the sample, 10% rate for error estimate, 95% confidence interval, and 5% significance level were established. Serum samples were collected from dogs during a rabies vaccination campaign, and were processed using modified agglutination test (MAT). Blood samples were collected from 670 dogs, with homogeneous distribution in five regions in the urban area, representing 3.74% of 17,910 animals vaccinated. In this sample, 17.3% (116/670) dogs (68 – 58.6% female and 48 – 41.4% male) were positive for T. gondii infection (p<0.03). Regarding age of the infected dogs 4.6% (4/88) were younger and 95.4% (84/88) were older than one year (p<0.01); the age of 28 positive animals were undetermined. The serum titers of anti-T. gondii antibodies were: 16 (69.8%; 81/116), 64 (13.8%; 16/116), 256 (15.5%; 18/116), and 1024 (0.9%; 1/116). Prevalence was distributed among the North 14.2% (19/134), South 18.0% (31/172), East 15.7% (19/121), West 21.6% (27/125), and Central 16.9% (20/118) regions of the municipality (p=0.5). In all these regions, females and dogs aged more than one year showed a higher occurrence of T. gondii infection (p<0.05).

Fluorose dentária em Araraquara-SP: prevalência, severidade e associação com fatores de risco

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Biomonitoring study of seasonal anthropogenic influence at the Itamambuca beach (SP, Brazil)

The present work is focused on the study of a seasonal anthropogenic influence on the beach of Itamambuca (Ubatuba, SP, Brazil) carried out using Atherinella brasiliensis as biomonitor. In total 84 fish were caught between July 2004 and February 2005 in different locations at the beach and inside the Itamambuca river. The fish were pooled according to catch and their musculature was analyzed by Particle-Induced X-ray Emission (PIXE) and Rutherford Backscattering (RBS) techniques. While the concentration of light (matrix) elements like C and O were obtained using the RBS technique, major (Na, Mg, P, S, Cl, K and Ca) and trace (Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Br and Sr) elements were measured by PIXE. The results show that differences were observed for several elemental concentrations of fish tissue between high season (spring-summer) and low season (winter-fall), indicating that increased human activity in the beach during high season may have some impact on the beach ecosystem. The role of the water salinity in the results is also discussed. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.