Eficiência nos gastos públicos em educação fundamental: uma análise nos municípios do estado do Rio Grande do Norte, 2007 e 2011

This paper aims to measure the degree of efficiency in the allocation of public resources in education from the FUNDEB in elementary education in the towns of Rio Grande do Norte in 2007 and 2011. To do so, we must determine to evaluate the efficiency in the allocation of public resources in municipal education in the early and last grades of elementary education; verify that the towns that achieved higher levels of efficiency that were allocated the largest volumes of resources in primary education and analyze which towns reached the worst and the best levels of efficiency in the allocation of public resources in education. This is on the assumption that the relation between the educational policies of local governments and concern for efficiency in the allocation of resources in education is limited only to increase spending on education. It is intended from the model of Data Envelopment analysis, (DEA), with Variable Returns to Scale (VRS), estimate the efficiency of spending on education and municipal pubic purging the problem of outliers. Estimations show that the municipalities of Rio Grande do Norte do not allocate their resources in public elementary education efficiently

Avaliação de cultivares de amendoim para resistência a Spodoptera frugiperda

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Egressos na avaliação da qualidade de um curso: o caso da Engenharia de Produção da UFRN

This thesis aims at analyzing the perspective of graduates perceived quality of an undergraduate course in order to contribute to continuous improvement. In order to achieve the proposed objectives, we performed a literature search, seeking together the work surrounding this issue, with the intent to update the concepts discussed today on the subject studied, they are: quality management, quality in higher education institutions and the system national assessment of higher education - Sinaes. The methodology is characterized as a case study, quantitative, and the object of study is composed of students who graduated from Production Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, which includes students who graduated from 2002 to 2010; data collection was done through the survey instrument, questionnaire, available online through SurveyMonkey interface, data analysis was done by means of descriptive statistics and multivariate analysis, including factor analysis. The proposed survey instrument consists of questions nineteen and twenty statements that address the central theme of this dissertation. The results show the identification of four latent factors (obtained by exploratory factor analysis), through two perspectives, the analysis of perception and importance, the results were similar in terms of the variable factors. The first factor was related to the support given to students, a factor known to support two extra class, the third factor related aspects of the library, and finalizing the evaluation and approached a factor of 4 facilities. Through research it was concluded that this study presents several points to be improved by the management team, and recommended to continue to evaluate the perceptions of graduates, seeking continuous improvement in service delivery by the university

Avaliação do impacto do plano de expansão da rede federal na qualidade dos institutos federais de educação segundo indicadores de desempenho

The Expansion Plan of the Federal Network of Vocational Education foresees the construction of 860 new units of instruction until 2020, representing a strong growth against the 140 existing units prior to its disclosure by Federal Government of Brazil, in 2005. The Federal Institutes of Education, Science and Technology have been performing the expansion while experiencing the shortcomings and challenges of units still in development, created in previous phases of the Plan. The quality of the services of these institutions has been evaluated by the control bodies, which require the submission of performance indicators in annual management reports of institutions under their jurisdiction. In this context of expansion process, particularly, is desirable to identify possible changes in quality standards. Thus, this research was motivated by the following problem: there was difference in the performance of the Federal Institutes of Education, Science and Technology after the inauguration of the first units of phase II of the Expansion Plan of the Federal Network of Vocational Education? This is an exploratory-descriptive, ex-post-facto, quantitative approach research, which aims to contribute to the knowledge of the impact of the expansion of the Federal Network. The data were collected from 12 indicators presented in management reports of 38 Federal Institutes through years 2007 to 2011 to evaluate the performances using descriptive statistical techniques. The indicators were analyzed in both consolidated and open manners by the following perspectives: country region, growth of instruction units and institutions origin. Was also performed a multivariate analysis of clusters in order to identify excellence groups of Institutes. The results showed differences in the expansion plan s development among Brazilian regions, both in terms of infrastructure and academic indicators, with better results in the Midwest and South, and that there are differentiated profiles of institutes as its origin, where the best quality indicators occur in those originated by integration of different educational institutions. Still, were identified two excellence groups, with emphasis on academic management, human resources and expansion

Efeito do trinexapac-ethyl na anatomia foliar de quatro espécies de grama

Os reguladores de crescimento podem retardar o desenvolvimento vegetativo das plantas de gramas e, assim, reduzir a frequência de cortes; contudo, existem poucas informações referentes aos efeitos desses produtos sobre as estruturas da anatomia foliar. Dessa forma, o presente trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar os efeitos da aplicação sequencial de duas doses de trinexapac-ethyl sobre a anatomia foliar das espécies de gramas São Carlos (Axonopus compressus), Batatais (Paspalum notatum), Santo Agostinho (Stenotaphrum secundatum) e Esmeralda (Zoysia japonica). Os tratamentos utilizados foram constituídos de duas aplicações sequenciais de trinexapac-ethyl nas doses de 56,5+56,5 e 113,0+113,0 g ha-1; além de uma testemunha sem aplicação, para cada espécie avaliada. Os gramados foram cortados à altura de 3 cm, com auxílio de um aparador de grama motorizado, e, em seguida, foram realizadas as aplicações dos tratamentos. Após 20 dias da primeira aplicação de trinexapac-ethyl, as parcelas foram novamente aparadas à altura de 3 cm e foi realizada a segunda aplicação dos tratamentos. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições. Aos 70 dias após a segunda aplicação dos tratamentos, foram realizadas as amostragens do material foliar, para as quatro espécies estudadas. Os dados das variáveis quantitativas foram submetidos ao teste estatístico multivariado de análise de componentes principais. Os resultados evidenciaram a formação de três e dois grupos principais, para os caracteres da região da quilha (nervura mediana) e da região da asa (situada entre a nervura mediana e a margem do limbo foliar), respectivamente. de modo geral, em cada formação dos agrupamentos, os tratamentos com trinexapac-ethyl apresentaram maior similaridade entre si, em relação às respectivas testemunhas. Conclui-se que a aplicação sequencial de trinexapac-ethyl alterou algumas estruturas anatômicas da região da quilha e da asa do limbo foliar das espécies de gramas estudadas.

Caracterização de água produzida na indústria de petróleo para fins de descarte e otimização do processo de separação óleo/água

The oil industry has several segments that can impact the environment. Among these, produced water which has been highlight in the environmental problem because of the great volume generated and its toxic composition. Those waters are the major source of waste in the oil industry. The composition of the produced water is strongly dependent on the production field. A good example is the wastewater produced on a Petrobras operating unit of Rio Grande do Norte and Ceará (UO-RNCE). A single effluent treatment station (ETS) of this unit receives effluent from 48 wells (onshore and offshore), which leads a large fluctuations in the water quality that can become a complicating factor for future treatment processes. The present work aims to realize a diagnosis of a sample of produced water from the OU - RNCE in compliance to certain physical and physico-chemical parameters (chloride concentration, conductivity, dissolved oxygen, pH, TOG (oil & grease), nitrate concentration, turbidity, salinity and temperature). The analysis of the effluent is accomplished by means of a MP TROLL 9500 Multiparameter probe, a TOG/TPH Infracal from Wilks Enterprise Corp. - Model HATR - T (TOG) and a MD-31 condutivimeter of Digimed. Results were analyzed by univariated and multivariated analysis (principal component analysis) associated statistical control charts. The multivariate analysis showed a negative correlation between dissolved oxygen and turbidity (-0.55) and positive correlations between salinity and chloride (1), conductivity, chloride and salinity (0.70). Multivariated analysis showed there are seven principal components which can explain the variability of the parameters. The variables, salinity, conductivity and chloride were the most important variables, with, higher sampling variance. Statistical control charts have helped to establish a general trend between the physical and chemical evaluated parameters

Análise da precipitação no semi-árido potiguar

The semiarid rainfall regime is northeastern Brazil is highly variable. Climate processes associated with rainfall are complex and their effects may represent extreme situations of drought or floods, which can have adverse effects on society and the environment. The regional economy has a significant agricultural component, which is strongly influenced by weather conditions. Maximum precipitation analysis is traditionally performed using the intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) probabilistic approach. Results from such analysis are typically used in engineering projects involving hydraulic structures such as drainage network systems and road structures. On the other hand, precipitation data analysis may require the adoption of some kind of event identification criteria. The minimum inter-event duration (IMEE) is one of the most used criteria. This study aims to analyze the effect of the IMEE on the obtained rain event properties. For this purpose, a nine-year precipitation time series (2002- 2011) was used. This data was obtained from an automatic raingauge station, installed in an environmentally protected area, Ecological Seridó Station. The results showed that adopted IMEE values has an important effect on the number of events, duration, event height, mean rainfall rate and mean inter-event duration. Furthermore, a higher occurrence of extreme events was observed for small IMEE values. Most events showed average rainfall intensity higher than 2 mm.h-1 regardless of IMEE. The storm coefficient of advance was, in most cases, within the first quartile of the event, regardless of the IMEE value. Time series analysis using partial time series made it possible to adjust the IDF equations to local characteristics

Síndrome da fragilidade e fatores associados em idosos comunitários do município de Santa Cruz RN

The frailty in the elderly is characterized by decreased physiological reserves, and is associated with increased risk of disability and high vulnerability to morbidity and mortality. This study is part of a multicentric project on Frailty in Elderly Brazilians (REDE FIBRA). Aims: to investigate characteristics, prevalence and associated factors related to frailty. Metodology: We interviewed 391 elderly patients aged 65 years, selected randomly. Data collection was performed using a multidimensional questionnaire containing information about socio-demographic and clinical variables. To characterize the frail elderly, was considered the phenotype proposed by Fried. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, bivariate analysis (χ ²) and binary logistic regression. Results: The prevalence of frailty was 17.1%. In the final model of multivariate analysis, was obtained as factors associated with frailty: advanced chronological age (p <0.001), have comorbidity (p <0.035), show dependence on performing basic activities of daily living (p <0.010) and instrumental (p <0.003) and have poor perception of health status (p <0030). Conclusions: The factors associated with frailty suggest a predictive model helping to understand the syndrome, guiding actions that minimize adverse effects on the aging process

Apoio social e síndrome da fragilidade em idosos residentes na comunidade

Introduction: The frailty in the elderly is the result of a complex interplay between many social and clinical factors involved in its genesis. Although there is an understanding of its association with increased risk of adverse clinical outcomes, still it is unclear whether this syndrome can be aggravated due to lack of social support. So, the objective of this study was to analyze the association between social support and frailty syndrome in elderly community residents. Materials and methods: Observational analytical cross-sectional study, with a sample of 300 elderly living in the city of Natal-RN. Were collected informations about socialdemographic, economics and physical health data. The Social support was assessed by the status of cohabitation; marital status; contact frequency and diversity rate; received and given attendance frequency rate; and Map Minimum Relations of the Elderly. The frailty was assessed using the following criteria: unintentional weight loss, weakness, low physical activity, exhaustion and Slowness. To observe any possible associations, we performed the Pearson chi-square test, the Student t test and multivariate analysis using binary logistic regression, adopting a significance level of 5%. Results: It was observed that there were no associations of frailty with the social support variables, except for housekeeping mode (p = 0.046) of the MMRI. For the sociodemographic, economic, physical health and social support data, only age (p <0.001), sedentary lifestyle (p = 0.002) and poor perceived health (p = 0.001) were the ones that remained in the logistic regression model, with strong association for the presence of frailty. Conclusion: Among the variables related to social support, only to help with housekeeping was significantly associated with frailty. However, more studies need to be developed to characterize the social vulnerability, as well as health services need to recognize the importance of social support as an integral part of care for the elderly

Políticas públicas para a juventude: uma análise do Projovem Adolescente sob a perspectiva dos participantes

A partir dos diagnósticos das vulnerabilidades da condição juvenil contemporânea, as Políticas Públicas de Juventude tem ganhado maior força e um lugar mais definido nas pautas das demandas e conquistas sociais. Faz-se necessário, então, direcionar atenção para estas Políticas Públicas, a fim de promover uma reflexão sobre como ocorre a execução destas junto ao seu público alvo. Esta dissertação centraliza sua análise no Projovem Adolescente (PJA), uma das modalidades Programa Nacional de Inclusão de Jovens PROJOVEM que se destina ao atendimento de jovens com específica faixa etária entre 15 a 17 anos, com caráter assistencial e socioeducativo. Desta forma, o objetivo geral deste estudo foi discutir as ações do Projovem Adolescente no que diz respeito ao processo socioeducativo, a partir da perspectiva dos adolescentes participantes da cidade de Natal/RN. E, especificamente, objetivou-se: investigar de que maneira os adolescentes avaliam as atividades das quais participam, considerando se suas expectativas coincidem com as propostas do serviço; averiguar a participação dos adolescentes na elaboração, execução e avaliação das ações socioeducativas do serviço; bem como compreender as motivações que contribuem para a inserção e permanência ou evasão dos adolescentes no PJA. Para tanto foram realizados três grupos focais com adolescentes participantes do Projovem Adolescente, em diferentes núcleos do serviço, no município de Natal/RN. Cada grupo focal contou com dois encontros, em que primeiramente foram debatidos aspectos da participação nas ações socioeducativas e, num segundo encontro foram realizadas oficinas de produção de fanzines. A análise qualitativa dos dados foi realizada a partir da perspectiva teórica do materialismo histórico-dialético, utilizando-se como método de análise o Método Comparativo Constante, baseado na Teoria Fundamentada, que busca compreender o significado do fenômeno sob a perspectiva dos participantes. Os resultados foram apresentados divididos em eixos de análise os quais versaram sobre: as concepções dos jovens sobre adolescência e juventude; e a participação nas ações socioeducativas do PJA, destacando-se as características positivas e negativas apontadas pelos participantes, a relação dos jovens com o trabalho e as possibilidades e contribuições do PJA em seus contextos de vida. Em vista da análise empreendida, é possível constatar que a concepção dos participantes sobre a própria vivência da adolescência e juventude se encontra marcada pela absorção de determinadas imagens socialmente atribuídas aos jovens, como a que considera a juventude enquanto etapa de preparação para o mundo adulto. A participação nas ações socioeducativas, por sua vez, foi, de uma maneira geral, avaliada positivamente pelos participantes, não obstante esta avaliação, os jovens apresentaram uma visão muito crítica sobre a execução do serviço no município de Natal, relatando conhecer bem as dificuldades de ordem da gestão, bem como as contradições e limitações nas ações do serviço. Compreende-se a perspectiva da inclusão social no contexto neoliberal em que são implementadas as políticas sociais, contudo acredita-se que dar voz aos jovens participantes contribuiu para proporcionar uma reflexão sobre o modo como as políticas sociais, através do Projovem Adolescente tem atingido seu público, considerando as questões e perspectivas apresentadas pelos jovens como ferramentas a serviço das juventudes na construção de políticas democráticas e efetivas

Determinantes morfológicos de prognóstico em pneumonia nosocomial: um estudo em autópsias

OBJETIVO: Determinar a prevalência de pneumonia nosocomial nas autópsias em um hospital público universitário; identificar os fatores de risco relacionados à pneumonia nosocomial e os potenciais fatores prognósticos relacionados à ocorrência de pneumonia nosocomial fatal; e correlacionar os achados anatomopatológicos com a ocorrência de pneumonia nosocomial e/ou pneumonia aspirativa. MÉTODOS: Estudo retrospectivo de 199 pacientes autopsiados, maiores de 1 ano de idade, internados no Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu da Universidade Estadual Paulista entre 1999 e 2006, cuja causa de morte (causa básica ou associada) foi pneumonia nosocomial. Testou-se a associação dos dados demográficos, clínicos e anatomopatológicos com os desfechos pneumonia nosocomial fatal e pneumonia aspirativa fatal. As variáveis significativas entraram na análise multivariada. RESULTADOS: A idade média foi de 59 ± 19 anos. A prevalência de pneumonia nosocomial em autópsias foi 29%, e essa foi a causa mortis de 22,6% dos pacientes autopsiados. A pneumonia nosocomial fatal correlacionou-se com os achados anatomopatológicos de alterações estruturais tabágicas (OR = 3,23; IC95%: 1,26-2,95; p = 0,02) e acometimento pulmonar bilateral (OR = 3,23; IC95%: 1,26-8,30; p = 0,01). Não houve associações significativas entre as variáveis e pneumonia aspirativa fatal. CONCLUSÕES: em nossa amostra, a pneumonia nosocomial teve prevalência elevada e foi responsável por quase 25% das mortes. A mortalidade é favorecida por alterações estruturais tabágicas e pneumonia bilateral. Esses achados corroboram os resultados de diversos estudos clínicos sobre pneumonia nosocomial.

Influência da massa corporal sobre a aptidão física em adolescentes: estudo a partir de escolares do ensino fundamental e médio de Sorocaba/SP

Reconhecendo a exposição a riscos à saúde a que adolescentes obesos estão submetidos e a necessidade da produção de estudos, os quais relacionem excesso de peso corporal e capacidade física durante a puberdade, configura-se como objetivo da presente comunicação explorar as relações entre o sobrepeso e a aptidão física dos alunos de ensino fundamental e médio de escola particular paulista. Trata-se de estudo de coorte, considerando como variável independente o índice de massa corporal (IMC) e como dependentes a resistência muscular localizada (RML) abdominal, força de membros inferiores (MMII), flexibilidade e agilidade. Os dados de interesse foram colhidos em duas oportunidades (no início de dois anos letivos subseqüentes), segundo testes específicos. Foi realizada análise multivariada dos perfis médios, complementada com a construção dos intervalos de confiança simultâneos, ao nível de 5% de significância. Constatou-se prevalência de 21,42% de sobrepeso e associação deste com: i) em meninos, menores RML abdominal e força de MMII e não evolução nas médias de agilidade; ii) em meninas, menor RML abdominal e agilidade, no início do período considerado. Ao se compararem os resultados entre os dois momentos de avaliação, notou-se que: i) a agilidade, das meninas com peso corporal adequado diminuiu significantemente; ii) a RML abdominal, mesmo do grupo masculino com sobrepeso, aumentou; e iii) a agilidade, somente em meninos com IMC inferior, melhorou. Verificaram-se, também entre o sexo masculino, médias de RML abdominal, força de MMII e agilidade significantemente maiores que as do grupo feminino. Nesse sentido, revela-se que a prescrição da atividade física para adolescentes deve realmente ser específica segundo composição corporal e sexo.

Eventos adversos: análise de um instrumento de notificação utilizado no gerenciamento de enfermagem

A direção de enfermagem de um hospital universitário terciário da região Centro-Sul do Estado de São Paulo, visando a segurança do paciente e o estabelecimento de meio de comunicação entre equipe e direção, implementou em janeiro de 2004 o Boletim de Notificação de Eventos Adversos. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a utilização deste instrumento de comunicação e identificar: frequência, tipo, natureza e período dos incidentes/eventos adversos. Realizou-se análise descritiva dos dados de 826 boletins elaborados no período de janeiro/2004 a junho/2006. Verificou-se adesão à utilização do instrumento. Predominaram notificações de ocorrências assistenciais, embora notificações administrativas tenham apresentado número crescente de registros. Eventos adversos mais frequentes relacionaram-se à medicação, quedas, cateteres, sondas/drenos e integridade da pele. A praticidade do instrumento viabilizou sua utilização também por auxiliares e técnicos de enfermagem. A análise sistematizada e acompanhamento dos eventos adversos associados aos recursos de comunicação mostraram-se fundamentais para a segurança do paciente.

Predictors of adherence to influenza vaccination for healthcare workers from a teaching hospital: a study in the prepandemic era

Introduction: Even before the 2009 pandemics, influenza in healthcare workers (HCW) was a known threat to patient safety, while Influenza vaccine coverage in the same group was generally low. Identification of predictors for HCW adherence to Influenza vaccination has challenged infection control committees. Methods: Our group conducted a cross-sectional survey in December 2007, interviewing 125 HCWs from a teaching hospital to identify adherence predictors for Influenza vaccination. The outcomes of interest were: A - adherence to the 2007 vaccination campaign; B - adherence to at least three yearly campaigns in the past five years. Demographic and professional data were assessed through univariate and multivariate analysis. Results: of the HCWs interviewed, 43.2% were vaccinated against Influenza in 2007. However, only 34.3% of HCWs working in healthcare for more than five years had adhered to at least three of the last five vaccination campaigns. Multivariate analysis showed that working in a pediatric unit (OR = 7.35, 95% I = 1.90-28.44, p = 0.004) and number of years in the job (OR = 1.32, 95%CI = 1.00-1.74, p = 0.049) were significant predictors of adherence to the 2007 campaign. Physicians returned the worst outcome performances in A (OR = 0.40, 95%CI = 0.16-0.97, p = 0.04) and B (OR = 0.17, 95%CI = 0.05-0.60, p = 0.006). Conclusions: Strategies to improve adherence to Influenza vaccination should focus on physicians and newly-recruited HCWs. New studies are required to assess the impact of the recent Influenza A pandemics on HCW-directed immunization policies.

Caracterização geomorfológica e modelagem de dados espaciais na plataforma continental rasa do RN nos limites da folha Touros

This work focuses the geomorphological characterization and spatial data modeling in the shallow continental shelf within the Folha Touros limits (SB-25-CV-II), based on bathymetric data analysis and remote sensing products interpretation. The Rio Grande do Norte state is located in northeastern Brazil and the work area is located at the transition region between the eastern and northern portions of their coast. The bathymetric surveys were conduced between march and may 2009, using a 10 meters long vessel and 0.70 meters draught, equipped with global positioning system and echo sounder (dual beam, 200KHz , 14°). The fieldwork resulted in 44 bathymetric profiles espaced 1.5 km and 30 km average length. The bathymetric data amount were 111,200 points and were navigated 1395.7 km within na area about 1,850 km2. The bathymetric data were corrected for the tide level, vessel draught and were subsequently entered into a geographic information system for further processing. Analysis of remote sensing products was carried out using Landsat 7/ETM + band 1, from november 1999. The image was used for visualization and mapping submerged features. The results showed the presence of geomorphological features within the study area. Were observed, from the analysis of local bathymetry and satellite image, seven types of geomorphological features. The channels, with two longitudinals channels (e. g. San Roque and Cioba channels) and other perpendicular to the coast (e. g. Touros, Pititinga and Barretas). Coastal reef formations (Maracajaú, Rio do Fogo and Cioba). Longitudinal waves, described in the literature as longitudinal dunes. The occurrence of a transverse dune field. Another feature observed was the oceanic reefs, an rock alignment parallel to the coast. Were identified four riscas , from north to south: risca do Liso, Gameleira, Zumbi, Pititinga (the latter being described for the first time). Finally, an oceanic terrace was observed in the deepest area of study. Image interpretation corroborated with the in situ results, enabling visualization and description for all features in the region. The results were analysed in an integrating method (using the diferent methodologies applied in this work) and it was essential to describe all features in the area. This method allowed us to evaluate which methods generated better results to describe certain features. From these results was possible to prove the existence of submerged features in the eastern shallow continental shelf of Rio Grande do Norte. In this way, the conclusions was (1) this study contributed to the provision of new information about the area in question, particularly with regard to data collection in situ depths, (2) the method of data collection and interpretation proves to be effective because, through this, it was possible to visualize and interpret the features present in the study area and (3) the interpretation and discussion of results in an integrated method, using different methodologies, can provide better results