基于景观尺度过程模型的长白山地表径流量时空变化特征的模拟

运用已建立的景观尺度生态系统生产力过程模型EPPML对长白山自然保护区地表径流量的季节动态和空间分布特征进行了模拟,对其与环境因子间的相互关系进行了分析.模拟结果表明,长白山自然保护区地表径流量的季节进程表现出明显的三峰型,6月和9月出现低谷,8月达最大(2.58mm·d-1),与土壤含水量的季节变化趋势十分相似.1995年地表径流量的模拟值平均为0.203m·年-1,空间分布随海拔升高呈现明显增加的趋势,最高为高山流砾滩(0.619m·年-1),最低为阔叶红松林(0.081m·年-1).年地表径流量与叶

Facile electrochemical route to directly fabricate hierarchical spherical cupreous micro structures: Toward superhydrophobic surface

A templateless, surfactantless, electrochemical route is proposed to directly fabricate hierarchical spherical cupreous microstructures (HSCMs) on an indium tin oxide (ITO) substrate. The as-prepared HSCMs have been characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD).

Self-assembly of guest-induced calix[4]arene nanocapsules into three-dimensional molecular architecture

In the presence of NH3-Ag+-NH3, the calix[4]arenes can be induced into dimeric nanocapsules, which can be used as building units constructing a 3D molecular architecture with the appropriate secondary ligands and metal ions.

炼焦炉

一种内火道炼焦炉，包括炉墙〔１３〕，油道〔２１〕，炼焦煤层〔１８〕、火道〔１６〕、引火层〔１４〕，其特征在于炼焦煤层与引火层间增设有供热层〔１５〕，火道是内火道，油道上设置有油道盖砖〔２０〕，油道出口处的导出管上设置有闸板〔２５〕。该炼焦炉污染环境小，焦炭收率高、炼焦速度快、煤种适应范围广，特别适用于煤炭资源丰富地区发展中小型炼焦工业。

Discrete wavelets transform for signal denoising in capillary electrophoresis with electrochemiluminescence detection

Discrete wavelets transform (DWT). was applied to noise on removal capillary electrophoresis-electrochemiluminescence (CE-ECL) electropherograms. Several typical wavelet transforms, including Haar, Daublets, Coiflets, and Symmlets, were evaluated. Four types of determining threshold methods, fixed form threshold, rigorous Stein's unbiased estimate of risk (rigorous SURE), heuristic SURE and minimax, combined with hard and soft thresholding methods were compared. The denoising study on synthetic signals showed that wave Symmlet 4 with a level decomposition of 5 and the thresholding method of heuristic SURE-hard provide the optimum denoising strategy. Using this strategy, the noise on CE-ECL electropherograms could be removed adequately. Compared with the Savitzky-Golay and Fourier transform denoising methods, DWT is an efficient method for noise removal with a better preservation of the shape of peaks.

Syntheses and crystal structures of bis(tetrahydrofurfurylindenyl) lanthanocene chlorides (C4H7OCH2C9H6)(2)LnCl (Ln = Nd, Sm, Dy, Ho, Er, Yb)

Reaction of anhydrous lanthanide trichlorides with tetrahydrofurfuryl indenyl lithium in THF afforded bis(tetrahydrofurfurylindenyl) lanthanocene chlorides complexes (C4H7OCH2C9H6)(2) LnCl, Ln = Nd (1), Sm (2), Dy (3), Ho (4), Er (5), Yb (6). The X-ray crystallographic structures of all the six complexes were determined and these indicate that they are unsolvated nine-coordinate monomeric complexes with a trans arrangement of both the sidearm and indenyl rings in the solid state. They belong to the same crystal system (orthorhombic) and space group (P2(1)2(1)2(1)) with the same structure. Especially, they are more stable to air and moisture than the corresponding unsubstituted indenyl lanthanide complexes.

Computer simulation of insoluble Pr(III) speciation in human interstitial fluid

A multi-phase model of Pr(III) speciation in human interstitial fluid was constructed and insoluble Pr(III) speciation was studied. When the total concentration of Pr(III) is below 8.401E-10 mol/L, soluble Pr(III) species are main species. With rising the total concentration of Pr(III), Pr(III) is firstly bound to phosphate to form precipitate of PrPO4, then bound to carbonate and another precipitate of Pr-2(CO3)(3) was obtained. When the total concentration is between 1.583E-9 mol/L and 4.000E-3 mol/L, the insoluble species are predominant Pr(III) species.

Investigating mechanical response of single chain polystyrene particles by scanning probe techniques

Single chain polystyrene particles were obtained by dilute solution casting method. The sample with both single chain polystyrene particles and multi-chain (more than 1000 molecular chains) polystyrene particles was obtained by a little more concentrate solution. Force modulation technique showed that single chain polystyrene particles were softer than multichain polystyrene particles. On the other hand, nanoindentation experiments on multi-chain particles and bulk polystyrene manifested that the elastic modulus of multi-chain polystyrene particles was very close to that of bulk polystyrene. Therefore, it was concluded that single chain polystyrene particles were softer than bulk polystyrene,which indicated that the density of intrachain entanglement points in the single chain polystyrene particles was not as large as that of the interchain entanglement points in the bulk state.

X-ray crystal structure and molecular mechanics calculations of (2,6-iso-dipropyl-phenylamide) dimethyl (tetra-methylcyclopenta-dienyl) silane titanium dichloride

Crystal and molecular structure of (2.6-dipropylphenylamide) dimethyl (tetra-methyl cyclopentadienyl) silane titanium dichloride (I) was fully characterized by X-ray diffraction. The crystal is obtained from a mixture of ether/hexane as orthorhombic. with a = 12.658 (3) Angstrom. b = 16.62 (3) Angstrom. c = 11.760 (2) Angstrom. V = 2474.2 (9) Angstrom(3). Z = 4, space group Pnma. R = 0.0399; Componud I compose of the pi-bounded ring with its dimethylsilyl-dipropyl phenyl amido group and the two terminal chloride atoms coordinated to central metal to form a so-called constrained geometry catalyst (CGC) structure. The result of molecular mechanics (MM) calculations on compound I shows that bond lengths and bond angles from the MM calculation are comparable to the data obtained from the X-ray diffraction study. The relation of the structure of CGCs and their catalytic activity by MM calculations is also discussed.

扫描探针显微技术研究聚苯乙烯单链颗粒的力学响应

首先通过极稀溶液滴膜的方法得到了聚苯乙烯的单链颗粒 .之后 ,采用稍浓溶液得到了既有单链聚苯乙烯颗粒又有多链 (上千根 )聚苯乙烯颗粒的样品 .力调制技术显示单链聚苯乙烯颗粒比多链聚苯乙烯颗粒软 ;另一方面 ,对多链聚苯乙烯颗粒和聚苯乙烯本体的纳米压印实验结果表明二者的模量是近似的 .因此 ,可以得出单链聚苯乙烯颗粒比本体聚苯乙烯软 ,这说明存在于聚苯乙烯单链颗粒中的分子链内的缠结点密度不如存在于本体中的分子链间的缠结点密度大

Chiral separation of promethazine by capillary electrophoresis with end-column amperometric detection

Sensitive end-column amperometric detection has been successfully coupled to capillary electrophoresis for chiral separation of promethazine, with a carbon fiber microdisk electrode as working electrode. Baseline separation and sensitive detection were achieved under optimum conditions: 0.030 M Na2HPO4 and 0.015 M citric acid at pH = 2.50, 1.0 mM beta -CD, 10 kV separation voltage, and detection potential 1.10 V (vs Ag/AgCl). The numbers of theoretical plates were higher than 700000, and the detection limit was 5 x 10(-8) M. On-line treatment of the electrode has also been studied and discussed.

Electrochemical Study of the Self-exchange between Viologen-thiol Self assembled Monolayers and Alkanethiol Gold Electrodes

The preparation and cyclic voltammetric behaviors of self assembled monolayers (SAMs) containing electroactive viologen group have been investigated. Treatment of this viologen SAM with solutions of alkanethiols remits in replacing the electroactive third, shifting negatively its formal potentials and decreasing its heterogeneous elixtron transfer constants along with the immersion time. The aim of the work is to understand the exchange regularity of the mixed SANK on gold electrode surface.